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Reports Indicate Social Engineering Attacks on Binance and Kraken

 


As a result of sophisticated social engineering attacks mimicking a recent attempt to breach Coinbase Global Inc., Binance and Kraken exchanges have both been able to thwart such attacks. In the report by Bloomberg, sources familiar with the matter claim that Binance and Kraken (NASDAQ: COIN) have successfully neutralised the threats before any customer information was compromised. 

Despite the fact that information remains confidential and neither exchange has publicly commented, insiders indicate that neither platform has been compromised. This attempt to breach a digital asset firm is part of a broader, ongoing trend where cybercriminals are increasingly targeting digital asset companies, particularly when the cryptocurrency market is experiencing a surge. 

The latest wave of attacks, which have cost the crypto industry billions, impacted platforms such as Bitfinex, Bybit, and now-defunct FTX, was reported to be a result of Binance and Kraken having robust internal controls and security protocols in place to prevent them from taking place. Based on the findings of the sources, it appears that the attackers employed elaborate manipulation tactics aimed at customer service personnel, which had striking similarities to the attack Coinbase faced earlier. 

The scammers were alleged to have attempted to bribe Binance support agents, even going so far as to share their Telegram contact address in order to facilitate illicit communication with the agents. As a result of the resilience demonstrated by these exchanges, it is clear that cybersecurity strategies in the crypto industry have become more sophisticated, despite adversaries continuing to develop more deceptive methods of infiltration. 

Despite the increasing complexity of cyber threats, both Binance and Kraken proved to be incredibly effective against these threats by successfully preventing potentially damaging data breaches, despite the fact that the threats have become more complex and challenging. Several individuals with knowledge of the matter have told me that the exchanges were targeted by social engineering schemes meant to exploit human weaknesses rather than technical flaws in order to get access to the exchanges. 

The criminals have been reported to impersonate legitimate contact information and bribe customer service representatives via encrypted messaging platforms such as Telegram in order to gain access to confidential user information, including home addresses, account credentials, and other information relating to the individual. The response of Binance was notably facilitated by its sophisticated artificial intelligence-driven detection systems, which had a significant impact on identifying and intercepting suspicious communications, leading to a successful outcome. 

As soon as these Artificial Intelligence tools were able to recognise deceptive patterns across multiple languages, they flagged malicious attempts immediately, before any breaches could occur. Furthermore, Binance's internal security protocols strictly limit data access privileges, which ensure that only verified personnel can retrieve sensitive user information under controlled circumstances during official support interactions. With the multi-layered approach, human error or manipulation was drastically reduced as a result of the multiple layers of security. 

In addition, Kraken implemented rigorous protective measures to counter the threat, though it has not released specific technical details of what was done. A swift and structured internal response was critical in neutralising the attack, according to sources. During the exchange's confirmation process, all user data, including login credentials, private keys, and digital assets, was assured to be completely secure. As a result of these incidents, there is an increasing need to strengthen proactive defence mechanisms and internal accountability to protect customer assets, especially at a time when social engineering is continuing to become more popular among cyber adversaries targeting the cryptocurrency industry as a tactic. 

The recent cyberattacks that occurred on Coinbase, Binance, and Kraken suggest that cybercriminals are shifting their tactics in the cryptocurrency industry in a significant way. Several high-profile breaches have historically been the result of direct technical exploits, including the collapse of Mt. Gox, which resulted in the loss of approximately $460 million, and the hack of Bitstamp in 2015, which cost the exchange $5 million. 

Often, these attacks are based on weaknesses in platform infrastructure, such as code, server configurations, or security protocols, which are exploited to attack platforms. The latest wave of attacks, on the other hand, seems to have adopted a psychologically more refined, socially oriented approach. Cybercriminals are now focusing on manipulating individuals within organisations, specifically those who have access to sensitive systems, rather than attempting to penetrate hardened technical defences. 

They are using psychological manipulation to gain access to sensitive systems within a company. It has been reported that the attackers who are responsible for these recent incidents are using platforms such as Telegram to impersonate trustworthy sources and offer bribes in exchange for confidential customer data, including their home addresses, credentials, and other personal identifiers. In addition to this change in strategy, technical security frameworks within top crypto exchanges are becoming increasingly resilient, demonstrating the growing resilience of these frameworks. 

Binance and Kraken, among others, continue to strengthen their digital defences by utilising artificial intelligence and behaviour-detection systems, leading threat actors to exploit the human element, which is considered to be one of the most vulnerable components of cybersecurity. As a result, they are more likely to exploit the human element.

A notable difference between Coinbase and Binance, and Kraken is that, despite similar manipulation tactics successfully compromising Coinbase systems, similar attempts were swiftly identified and neutralised near-instantly due to robust internal safeguards and real-time AI monitoring conducted at those exchanges. These recent attacks have many parallels to earlier incidents, including the Bitstamp breach, which was also a result of employee phishing, which illustrates that while tools and platforms may have evolved, the fundamental tactic of targeting insider access remains a persistent threat, even though they are using a different approach. 

In order to combat the increasing sophistication of social engineering threats in the cryptocurrency space, continuous training, layered security policies, and proactive detection mechanisms are needed to combat the evolving landscape. As sources familiar with the matter have reported, attempts at hacking Binance and Kraken closely resembled those of Coinbase in recent months, but the attacks were ultimately stopped due to strict internal protocols and advanced security technology, sources familiar with the matter said. 

In Binance, scammers are reportedly offering bribes to customer service representatives and providing them with Telegram handles for further communication, and these scammers are reportedly targeting customers at Binance. As a result of AI-powered monitoring tools, it was possible for the exchange to intercept and halt malicious interactions before any data was compromised by detecting suspicious messages across multiple languages. There are many leading platforms, but Binance is one of the most restrictive. 

Binance limits access to customer data to sessions initiated by users themselves. Over the past two years, it has become increasingly evident that social engineering is an increasing threat in the cryptocurrency sector. For example, Coinbase's support staff was bribed by hackers to obtain sensitive client information, including personal and banking details. The hackers then demanded $20 million as a ransom. It has also been observed that hackers have used stolen user data, obtained through malware and traded on the dark web, to impersonate support teams and to trick their victims, as they have done in recent incidents targeting Binance users in Israel, where attackers used convincing accents and fake credentials to trick them. 

According to cybersecurity experts, the most effective way to protect yourself against social engineering attacks is by strengthening procedures and maintaining an organisational culture that is vigilant. Several recent incidents have demonstrated the importance of conducting comprehensive employee training, ensuring stricter contractor vetting, minimising privileged access, and deploying real-time monitoring processes to detect anomalies in the behaviour of support personnel. As a result, key strategies are emerging, such as implementing a zero-trust access framework, where internal employees only have access to the limited information they need, and using artificial intelligence (AI) to identify indicators of bribery, unauthorised data requests, or attempts to communicate outside official channels. 

A whistleblower system can also provide employees with the confidence they need to report suspicious activity without fear of reprisals. Moreover, smart contracts and automated logs can be integrated into the on-chain auditing process to ensure transparency and traceability of data access. By sharing intelligence among exchanges, the sector will be strengthened by allowing platforms to learn from emerging attack patterns, by enhancing the level of resilience on the platform. 

In the opinion of experts, it is highly likely that if such measures had been fully implemented, the Coinbase breach might have been significantly reduced—or perhaps even avoided altogether. Trust has remained a fundamental pillar in the realm of digital finance, especially for centralised cryptocurrency exchanges that are responsible for the protection of billions of dollars worth of user assets. 

An investment can be eroded quickly by high-profile security incidents, so robust cybersecurity is not only a technical necessity but also a business imperative if such an incident occurs. In response to recent social engineering attacks, Binance and Kraken responded quickly and transparently to send a strong message to their users and stakeholders that they have strengthened their platforms and that cybersecurity is a top priority for them. 

 It has been a real pleasure to watch both exchanges stand up to sophisticated attacks and maintain a transparent posture while acting decisively in the face of such attacks; as a result, they have set new benchmarks for operational integrity and responsiveness within the crypto industry. Additionally, these events serve as a warning to the industry as a whole-highlighting the need for continued investment into employee education, internal controls, and incident response mechanisms. 

While firewalls and encryption will always be an important part of security systems, it is the human element that often poses the greatest threat. By continuing to train and conduct simulations, it is imperative that we strengthen this vulnerability. As a result of these thwarted cyberattacks, Binance and Kraken continue to advance the advancement of secure, trustworthy, and resilient digital asset platforms, which underscores their leadership. 

As the crypto industry continues to evolve, lessons from these thwarted breaches have been instrumental in defining digital asset security for years to come. Centralised exchanges will need to be aware that as their platforms grow and attract a wider variety of participants, they will face increasingly targeted and nuanced attacks. The emphasis must move from deploying cutting-edge technology to building resilient organisational frameworks that anticipate risks proactively, and not just deploy them. 

Security should be a top priority at every level of organisation, as well as investing in specialised training for frontline personnel, as well as cultivating robust incident response ecosystems that can respond rapidly and efficiently. A regulatory agency and an industry alliance should also use this opportunity to encourage transparent reporting and the sharing of intelligence networks as a means of strengthening collective defences. 

Ultimately, the future of the crypto infrastructure depends not just on innovation in blockchains and finance but also on an unwavering commitment to protecting users from emerging threats in the future. It is in this regard that Binance and Kraken serve as not only success stories but, more importantly, as clarion calls for all digital financial institutions to prioritise resilience, accountability, and trust as the foundation for sustainable digital finance, especially in times of crisis.

Leaked Data from Binance Taken Down


One of the biggest cryptocurrency exchanges in the world's security has come under scrutiny following the recent disclosure of private information from Binance on GitHub. Several documents, including code, internal passwords, and architecture diagrams, were purportedly released by an account on GitHub going by the name "Termf" and were accessible to the public for several months. The content was removed after Binance requested a copyright takedown.

Binance has effectively removed its GitHub data breach

Various technical details, including code about Binance's security procedures, were included in the leaked material. Interestingly, this contained details on multi-factor authentication (MFA) and passwords. A large portion of the code that was made public concerned systems that were identified as "prod," denoting a link to Binance's operational website as opposed to test or development environments.

On January 5, 2024, 404 Media contacted Binance to inform the exchange about the compromised data, which is when the problem became apparent. Binance then retaliated by sending GitHub a copyright removal request. Binance admitted in this request that internal code from the disclosed material "poses a significant risk" to the exchange, resulting in "severe financial harm" as well as possible user misunderstanding or harm.

What next?

Even after admitting the leak, Binance sent out a representative to try and reassure its user base. According to the spokesman, Binance's security team examined the circumstances and came to the conclusion that the code that had been leaked was not similar to the code that was being produced at the time. The representative emphasized the protection of users' data and assets and stated that there was only a "negligible risk" from the compromised information.

The significance of strong security procedures in the Bitcoin sector is highlighted by this occurrence. Crypto exchanges are required to uphold strict security procedures because of their role in managing users' sensitive information and financial assets. The prolonged public disclosure of security-related code and internal passwords on a public forum calls into doubt the effectiveness of Binance's security protocols.

The necessity of heightened security protocols

Another level of worry is raised by the exposed data, especially the code about security protocols like multi-factor authentication and passwords. These kinds of security lapses can have serious repercussions, including the compromise of user funds and accounts. It draws attention to the continuous difficulties Bitcoin platforms have in maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of their internal systems.

Emerging Phishing Campaigns Aim FTX Users After Kroll Data Breach

 

In a recent turn of events that has reverberated across the cryptocurrency community, Changpeng ‘CZ’ Zhao, the Chief Executive Officer of Binance, a globally renowned cryptocurrency exchange, has issued a stern caution to users who were formerly associated with the now-defunct FTX platform. 

This alert revolves around a fresh surge of phishing attacks that have been set in motion following a significant data breach stemming from Kroll, the claims agent responsible for managing FTX’s bankruptcy case.

The Core of the Issue: Kroll Data Breach and Its Ramifications

The crux of this matter revolves around a recent breach in cybersecurity suffered by Kroll, the entity tasked with overseeing claims linked to the ongoing bankruptcy proceedings of FTX. While the specific details of the breach were initially kept confidential, it has now been unveiled that the breach exposed certain non-sensitive customer data belonging to specific claimants involved in the case.

Zhao’s warning emphasizes the seriousness of the situation, explicitly connecting the current series of phishing attacks to this data breach. The pronouncements from the CEO of Binance closely follow FTX’s own declaration concerning the breach, a revelation that has understandably triggered significant apprehension among its user community.

However, what renders this breach especially alarming is the technique through which it was executed. Zhao has illuminated the fact that a SIM swap maneuver executed on an employee's account was pivotal in enabling the breach. For those unfamiliar, a SIM swap involves malicious actors deceiving cellular service providers into transferring a victim’s phone number to a device under their control.

Subsequently, this maneuver allows them to intercept crucial information, including authentication codes, effectively circumventing security measures like two-factor authentication. The gravity of the threat was so pronounced that FTX was compelled to temporarily suspend operations on its claims portal.

The Escalating Peril of Phishing Attacks

Phishing attacks are not an emerging concept in the digital domain. Nevertheless, their persistent and evolving nature has solidified their status as one of the most malicious hazards that internet users encounter today. Fundamentally, these attacks capitalize on deception and psychological manipulation to deceive unsuspecting individuals into disclosing sensitive information, spanning from login credentials to personal financial particulars.

Zhao’s recent alert acts as a somber reminder of the possible havoc that phishing attacks can unleash. When successful, these attacks can lead to a spectrum of consequences, encompassing identity theft, unauthorized entry into sensitive accounts, and substantial financial losses. The fact that prominent platforms like FTX, BlockFi, and the now-defunct Genesis crypto exchange have become targets for cybercriminals underscores the sheer scale and audacity of these threats.

Bolstering Defenses Against the Digital Threatscape

In light of these unfolding events, the responsibility falls upon individual users to enhance their digital safeguards. Zhao's message is crystal clear: complacency is not an option. Users are urged to be proactive in their stance on online security, adopting a multifaceted approach to thwart potential threats.

Foremost, staying well-informed is of paramount significance. Being cognizant of the latest threats and comprehending the strategies of cybercriminals can play a pivotal role in precluding potential attacks. Equally important is vigilance. Users ought to exercise caution in response to unsolicited communications, particularly those soliciting personal or financial information.

Furthermore, embracing robust security measures is imperative. This encompasses, but is not limited to, utilizing strong and distinct passwords for various accounts, activating two-factor authentication whenever feasible, and regularly updating software and applications to rectify known vulnerabilities.

While the digital era presents unparalleled conveniences and avenues, it also introduces an array of challenges. The recent events encompassing the FTX platform and the Kroll data breach underline the ever-evolving nature of the threat landscape. Nonetheless, by merging awareness, vigilance, and resilient security practices, users can confidently navigate this landscape, securing their digital well-being.

The Threat of Deepfakes: Hacking Humans

Deepfake technology has been around for a few years, but its potential to harm individuals and organizations is becoming increasingly clear. In particular, deepfakes are becoming an increasingly popular tool for hackers and fraudsters looking to manipulate people into giving up sensitive information or making financial transactions.

One recent example of this was the creation of a deepfake video featuring a senior executive from the cryptocurrency exchange Binance. The video was created by fraudsters with the intention of tricking developers into believing they were speaking with the executive and providing them with access to sensitive information. This kind of CEO fraud can be highly effective, as it takes advantage of the trust that people naturally place in authority figures.

While deepfake technology can be used for more benign purposes, such as creating entertaining videos or improving visual effects in movies, its potential for malicious use is undeniable. This is especially true when it comes to social engineering attacks, where hackers use psychological tactics to convince people to take actions that are not in their best interest.

To prevent deepfakes from being used to "hack the humans", it is important to take a multi-layered approach to security. This includes training employees to be aware of the risks of deepfakes and how to identify them, implementing technical controls to detect and block deepfake attacks, and using threat intelligence to stay ahead of new and emerging threats.

At the same time, it is important to recognize that deepfakes are only one of many tools that hackers and fraudsters can use to target individuals and organizations. To stay protected, it is essential to maintain a strong overall security posture, including regular software updates, strong passwords, and access controls.

The most effective defense against deepfakes and other social engineering attacks is to maintain a healthy dose of skepticism and critical thinking. By being aware of the risks and taking steps to protect yourself and your organization, you can help ensure that deepfakes don't "hack the humans" and cause lasting harm.

North Korean Cybercriminals Attempt to Steal $27M in ETH

Hacking organizations 'Lazarus' and 'APT38' supported by the North Korean government were responsible for the loss of $100 million worth of Ethereum from Harmony Horizon in June 2022. 

The funds and the seizure of stolen assets were reported to the authorities. The exploiters' activities closely resembled the attempt, which was undertaken on January 13, 2023, since more than $60 million was attempted to be laundered.

The Binance chain, Bitcoin, and Ethereum transfers are made possible through Harmony's Horizon Bridge. Numerous tokens worth $100,000,000  were taken from the network on June 23, 2022.

North Korean cybercriminals were actively shifting a portion of Harmony's Horizon bridge funds during the last weekend as the price of bitcoin approached $24,000. While several cryptocurrency exchanges instantly froze certain cash, Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao (CZ) claimed that some exchanges are not helpful in fighting crime, which made it easier to convert ETH to BTC.

According to reports, the APT38 was able to convert some of the $27 million in Ethers to Bitcoin and withdraw the money from exchanges. The Lazurus group has reportedly been shifting laundered money to a number of addresses in order to mask their true identity through multiple layers.

With the use of its Horizon Bridge, Harmony can transmit data to and from the Ethereum network, Binance Chain, and Bitcoin. On June 23, a number of tokens from the network valued at roughly $100 million were taken.

After the exploit, the Tornado Cash mixer processed 85,700 Ether, which was then deposited at various addresses. The hackers began transferring about $60 million of the stolen money via the Ethereum-based anonymity protocol RAILGUN on January 13. 350 addresses have been linked to the attack through numerous exchanges in an effort to escape detection, according to research by the cryptocurrency tracking tool MistTrack.

Cryptocurrency exchanges like Binance and Huobi have alerted authorities about stolen Harmony's Horizon Bridge funds by freezing them. This demonstrates how DeFi platforms and centralized exchanges are dependent on one another.





Lazarus Moves More than $60 Million from Harmony Bridge Hack


North Korean state-owned threat actors Lazarus Group has stolen around 41,000 ETH or more than $60 million of Ethereum to the crypto exchanges Binance, Huobi and OKX. While Binance and Huobi both froze the funds, Binance declared that an asset of 124 BTC was also recovered in the process. 

According to internet sleuth ZachXBT, the funds were stolen from the Harmony blockchain bridge hack from last year, which led to a whopping $100 million crypto compromise. Apparently, the same hacker group utilized Tornado Cash, a now banned crypto mixer that conceals names of people involved in the transaction, in order to carry out the attack. 

As per the analysis, conducted by token movements, the ETH was routed through the anonymity system Railgun before being collected in wallets and sent to three significant crypto exchanges, possibly to be exchanged for fiat currency. 

“A very busy weekend” for Lazarus Group 

ZachXBT shared details of this week’s token movements on Twitter, claiming Lazarus Group has had “a very busy weekend” moving funds. 

In the follow-tweets, ZachXBT also linked to the website Chainabuse.com where he shared a list of approximately 350,000 unique wallet addresses that were involved in the Friday’s operation. 

Binance’s Say on the Issue 

On Monday, Binanace CEO Changpeng Zhao, better known as CZ too, commented on the situation. CZ claims that the hackers used Huobi, a competing exchange, rather than Binance this time as one of their exchanges. The hacker's accounts were subsequently frozen with Binance's assistance, he says. 

CZ also disclosed that 124 BTC ($2.6m) had been seized from the hackers, indicating at least some of their ETH has been converted to BTC. 

“We detected Harmony One hacker fund movement. They previously tried to launder through Binance and we froze his accounts. This time he used Huobi. We assisted Huobi team to freeze his accounts. Together, 124 BTC have been recovered,” he wrote. 

Although, Huobi did not comment on the matter other than retweeting an article claiming that the exchange had frozen accounts containing money connected to the hack. 

According to a report from South Korea's National Intelligence Service from December of last year, North Korean hackers have stolen more than $1 billion in digital assets since 2017. 

Moreover, the report claims that around $626 million, or more than half of that estimated tally, was taken in 2022. It also stated that it is suspected that the North Korean government uses the money obtained from the theft to advance Pyongyang’s nuclear weapons program.  

DEA Tracks Down Drug Cartels with Binance

 

Due to the anonymity provided by cryptocurrencies, they allow cartels a perfect means to transfer funds across continents in a relatively safe manner. To identify individuals, it is necessary to analyze the chain of command. 

As a result of its widespread use by threat actors to wash funds from crypto markets, Tornado Cash has been sanctioned by the US Treasury for being used as a crypto mixing tool. Following the sanctions, threat actors are no longer able to operate through their usual routes, including through centralized exchanges. 

Drug cartels are under attack by the DEA


Forbes published an article about the gang that indicated that it operated in several countries, including the United States, Europe, Mexico, and Australia. Based on the DEA's report, it appears that the cartel was channeling as much as $40 million of illicit proceeds through the exchange.

Using Localbitcoins, informants were able to interact with perpetrators trading crypto for fiat in 2020, which led to investigations into the crime and communication with authorities. 

To ensure trust between trading parties, Localbitcoins uses an escrow service to ensure both parties are given a fair chance to make a transaction. Carlos Fong Echavarria, a Mexican citizen responsible for the theft, assured them the money came from family restaurants and cattle ranches. 

In the aftermath of Echavvaria's capture, he pleaded guilty to charges of drug possession and money laundering. As the matter awaited sentencing, a blockchain address was tracked by the DEA. According to one of them, there is still money being laundered.  One of the latest perpetrators recently bought $42 million in crypto and sold $38 million in crypto. Some of these funds are believed to be linked to the trafficking of drugs, according to authorities. 

The Binance versus the money laundering issue


During the most recent attack, BNBc tokens worth trillions of dollars were obtained via an exploit of the ANKR protocol. BNP and BUSD were exchanged for some of the proceeds, then transferred to the exchange. As a result of the incident, the Exchange reacted by freezing the associated accounts. The company ANKR has determined that the perpetrator of the crime was a former employee of their own company. There was a data breach earlier this month by Lazarus Group, a North Korean cybercrime group. This breach may have led to a loss of more than $540 million from the Ronin Axie Infinity ecosystem. 

It appears that Lazarus also moved the stolen funds to Tornado Cash and several other exchanges. Through a collaborative effort, Chainalysis, law enforcement authorities, and the leading cryptocurrency exchange reverse-engineered the transaction trail. They also froze about $5.8 million in crypto assets linked to this crime as a result of this discovery. 

Following a collaboration between Russian law enforcement and the exchange, Hydra, a darknet marketplace for Russians on the internet, has been shut down. According to earlier reports in the media, it had been reported that Hydra had received funding from the exchange. In its statement, Binance stated that law enforcement would not have been able to capture the criminals behind the Hydra case if it weren't for cryptocurrency. 

A report by Binance indicated that the company had spent tens of millions of dollars hiring sophisticated cybersecurity specialists from across the globe. More than 120 security and industry experts comprise the team. These experts include former members of the IRS, FBI, the US secret service, Europol, and police agencies in the U.K., Europe, Asia, and Latin America. In addition, former members of the US secret service. 

Throughout the history of cryptocurrencies, critics have portrayed them in a bad light. This is because they view them as a disruptive technology that will revolutionize global finance, as well as global crime. 

To ensure that the industry is under the control of the authorities, strict regulations have been published. 

Binance has proved that blockchain is a valuable tool to use in the fight against cyber law-breaking, as evidenced by its success in this field. Several industrial applications have been demonstrated using the technology, including preventing forgery and enhancing procurement processes.  

There is no anonymity in crypto, centralized exchanges may be able to identify the owners of the addresses. As a user or individual with a majority stake in a blockchain ecosystem and a much-acclaimed proof-of-stake coin, one can rely on their power to lock out funds on the blockchain and ultimately lock users out of their funds.   

FTX: Failed Crypto Exchange Could Owe More Than 1 Million Creditors


Following the collapse of the crypto exchange FTX, and its associated businesses, it could owe money to more than a million people and organizations, according to the bankruptcy filings. The documents filed in bankruptcy court demonstrated the extent of a corporate collapse that has stripped traders’ accounts, plunging the crypto sector into crises. 

The investigations for bankruptcy commenced last week when FTX experienced an $8 billion shortfall due to a run-on deposit. Consequently, this led to the company which was once regarded as one of the safest and most reliable institutions of the freewheeling crypto industry crumbling overnight. 

The exchange’s founder Sam Bankman-Fried reportedly transferred $10 billion of customer funds from FTX to his trading company ‘Alameda Research.’ A large amount of that total fund has since disappeared. The total amount is said to be between $1-2 billion. 

The financial hole later came to light in records shared by Bankman-Fried with other senior executives last Sunday. The records provided a real-time account of the situation, some sources said. 

The company’s sudden downfall due to the run-on deposits last week left FTX unable to fulfill its customers' demands. Consequently, Bankman-Fried struck a rescue deal to sell his firm to its largest rival exchange, Binance. 

After a lengthy online skirmish between Bankman-Fried and Changpeng Zhao, CEO of Binance, a review stating FTX’s finances revealed various problems, posing as a deal breaker and Binance pulled out of the deal. Bankman-Fried attempted to secure new financing but was unable to, and later declared bankruptcy. The Justice Department and SEC are currently looking into his management of FTX. They are apparently focusing on whether FTX inappropriately transferred customer funds to Alameda Research.  

In regards to the case, Associate Professor in Finance Technology at the University of Liverpool, Gavin Brown referred to a recent report that suggested “42% of the exchanges which failed simply disappeared without traces.” 

According to Prof Brown “In the event of exchange failure, or even bankruptcy, it is the investors who are on the hook for losses” He, along with other industry experts warned that often smaller investors often end up back of the queue, after the remains of a crypto business are divided among themselves. They doubt much money will be coming back. 

"The unfortunate news is that the money's all gone. It's just not there anymore. Investors should expect pennies on the dollar," says crypto blogger and author David Gerard.