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Trojan
cryptocurrency Cyberattack Hacking malware printing Ransomware remoteaccess Security Software Trojan

Malware Discovered in Procolored Printer Software, Users Advised to Update Immediately

 

For at least six months, the official software bundled with Procolored printers reportedly included malicious code, including a remote access trojan (RAT) and a cryptocurrency-stealing malware.

Procolored, a Shenzhen-based manufacturer known for its affordable Direct-to-Film (DTF), UV DTF, UV, and Direct-to-Garment (DTG) printers, has built a strong reputation in the digital printing market. Since its founding in 2018, the company has expanded to over 31 countries and developed a considerable footprint in the United States.

The issue was first identified by Cameron Coward, a tech YouTuber behind the channel Serial Hobbyism. He was installing the driver and companion software for a $7,000 Procolored UV printer when his security tool flagged a threat: the Floxif USB worm.

After further investigation, cybersecurity firm G Data confirmed that malware was being distributed through Procolored’s official software packages—potentially impacting customers for over half a year.

Initially dismissed by Procolored as a “false positive,” Coward found that every time he attempted to download or unzip the printer software, his system immediately quarantined the files.

“If I try to download the files from their website or unzip the files on the USB drive they gave me, my computer immediately quarantines them,” said the YouTuber.

Coward turned to Reddit for support in analyzing the malware before publishing a critical review. G Data researcher Karsten Hahn responded and discovered that six printer models—F8, F13, F13 Pro, V6, V11 Pro, and VF13 Pro—came with software downloads hosted on Mega that were infected with malware.

Mega.nz is the file-sharing platform Procolored uses to distribute printer software via its official website.

Hahn found 39 infected files, including:

  • XRedRAT: A RAT with capabilities such as keylogging, taking screenshots, accessing the remote shell, and file manipulation. Its hardcoded command-and-control (C2) URLs were consistent with previously analyzed samples.
  • SnipVex: A newly identified clipper malware that infects .EXE files and hijacks Bitcoin addresses copied to the clipboard. This malware is believed to have compromised the developer’s machine or software build environment.

According to G Data, the SnipVex malware was used to steal around 9.308 BTC (worth nearly $1 million at current exchange rates).

Company Response and Security Measures

Though Procolored initially denied any wrongdoing, the compromised software was removed from its website on May 8, and the company launched an internal probe.

In communication with G Data, Procolored explained that the infected files had been uploaded via a USB drive possibly infected with the Floxif worm.

“As a precaution, all software has been temporarily removed from the Procolored official website,” explained Procolored to G Data.

“We are conducting a comprehensive malware scan of every file. Only after passing stringent virus and security checks will the software be re-uploaded.”

G Data later confirmed that the newly uploaded software packages are clean and safe to install.

Customers who previously downloaded Procolored software are urged to update to the new versions and perform a system scan to remove remnants of XRedRAT and SnipVex. Given the nature of SnipVex's binary tampering, experts recommend a thorough system cleaning.

In a comment to BleepingComputer, Procolored emphasized that all of its software has now been verified and is secure:

“Procolored confirms that its software is completely safe, clean, and has no connection whatsoever to any cryptocurrency-related incidents. All software packages have been thoroughly scanned and verified by third-party tools including VirusTotal and G Data, with no threats detected. Users can purchase and use Procolored products with complete confidence, as there is no risk of Bitcoin or other cryptocurrency theft linked to their software.”

“To further reassure customers, Procolored has provided third-party certifications and conducted strict technical checks to prove its software is secure.”

“In particular, the hash values of the key ‘PrintExp.exe’ file were verified and confirmed to match the official values published on Procolored’s website, proving the file is authentic, untampered, and free of any viruses or malware.”

“The company remains fully committed to customer care — no matter the issue, whether software or hardware, Procolored promises to resolve it to customer satisfaction, supported by their dedicated after-sales team and U.S.-based service resources.”


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Trojan
AItools CapCut Cybersecurity Darkweb Infostealer malware Noodlophile phishing Ransomware RAT Spyware Telegrambot Trojan

New AI Video Tool Scam Delivers Noodlophile Malware to Steal Your Data

 

Cybercriminals are using fake AI-powered video generation tools to spread a newly discovered malware strain called ‘Noodlophile’, disguised as downloadable media content.

Fraudulent websites with names like "Dream Machine" are being promoted in high-visibility Facebook groups, pretending to be advanced AI tools that can generate videos from user-uploaded files. However, these platforms are actually fronts for distributing information-stealing malware.

While cybercriminals leveraging AI for malware distribution isn't new, Morphisec researchers have uncovered a fresh campaign that introduces this new infostealer. “Noodlophile” is currently being sold on dark web forums, frequently bundled with services like "Get Cookie + Pass," indicating it's part of a malware-as-a-service operation linked to Vietnamese-speaking threat actors.

Once a victim uploads their file to the fake site, they receive a ZIP archive that supposedly contains the generated video. Instead, the archive includes a misleading executable named "Video Dream MachineAI.mp4.exe" and a hidden folder housing essential files for subsequent malware stages. On systems with file extensions hidden, the file could appear to be a harmless video.

"The file Video Dream MachineAI.mp4.exe is a 32-bit C++ application signed using a certificate created via Winauth," explains Morphisec.

This executable is actually a modified version of CapCut, a legitimate video editing software (version 445.0), and the naming and certificate are used to deceive both users and antivirus software.

Once run, the file executes a sequence of commands that launch a batch script (Document.docx/install.bat). This script then uses the Windows tool 'certutil.exe' to decode and extract a base64-encoded, password-protected RAR file that mimics a PDF. It also adds a registry key to maintain persistence on the system.

The batch script then runs srchost.exe, which executes an obfuscated Python script (randomuser2025.txt) from a hardcoded remote server. This leads to the in-memory execution of the Noodlophile stealer.

If Avast antivirus is found on the system, the malware uses PE hollowing to inject its code into RegAsm.exe. If not, it resorts to shellcode injection.

"Noodlophile Stealer represents a new addition to the malware ecosystem. Previously undocumented in public malware trackers or reports, this stealer combines browser credential theft, wallet exfiltration, and optional remote access deployment," explains the Morphisec researchers.

The malware targets data like browser credentials, session cookies, tokens, and cryptocurrency wallets. Stolen information is sent through a Telegram bot, acting as a stealthy command and control (C2) channel. In some cases, Noodlophile is also packaged with XWorm, a remote access trojan (RAT), enabling more aggressive data theft.

How to Stay Safe:
  • Avoid downloading files from unverified websites.
  • Double-check file extensions—don’t trust names alone.
  • Always run downloads through a reliable, up-to-date antivirus tool before executing.


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Trojan
Aikido Attack Backdoor Cyber Security DevSecOps JavaScript NPM npmregistry obfuscatedcode Opensource randuseragent RAT Security Supplychain Trojan

Compromised npm Package 'rand-user-agent' Used to Spread Remote Access Trojan

 

A widely-used npm package, rand-user-agent, has fallen victim to a supply chain attack, where cybercriminals injected obfuscated code designed to install a Remote Access Trojan (RAT) on users’ systems.

Originally developed to generate randomized user-agent strings—helpful in web scraping, automation, and cybersecurity research—the package was deprecated but remained in use, logging approximately 45,000 downloads per week.

Security experts at Aikido uncovered the compromise on May 5, 2025, when their malware detection tools flagged version 1.0.110 of rand-user-agent. A deeper investigation revealed hidden malicious code in the dist/index.js file. This code was deliberately obscured and only viewable with horizontal scrolling on the npm website.

Researchers confirmed that the last legitimate release was version 2.0.82, uploaded seven months ago. The malicious code appeared in unauthorized versions 2.0.83, 2.0.84, and 1.0.110, none of which corresponded with updates on the project's GitHub repository—an indicator of foul play.

Once installed, the malicious versions create a hidden directory in the user’s home path (~/.node_modules) and modify the module loading path to prioritize this directory. They then load specific dependencies such as axios and socket.io-client, and establish a persistent connection to the attacker’s command and control (C2) server at http://85.239.62[.]36:3306.

Through this connection, the attacker retrieves critical system data—such as hostname, OS type, username, and a generated UUID. Once activated, the RAT listens for the following commands:
  • cd <path>: Change directory
  • ss_dir: Reset directory to script path
  • ss_fcd:<path>: Force change to a new directory
  • ss_upf:f,d: Upload single file
  • ss_upd:d,dest: Upload all files in a directory
  • ss_stop: Stop ongoing upload
  • Any other input is executed via child_process.exec()

Currently, the malicious versions have been removed from the npm repository. Developers are urged to revert to the latest clean version. However, users who installed versions 2.0.83, 2.0.84, or 1.0.110 are advised to run a full malware scan, as downgrading the package does not eliminate the RAT.

For continued use, it’s recommended to switch to a forked and actively maintained alternative of rand-user-agent.

The original developer responded to BleepingComputer with the following statement:

“On 5 May 2025 (16:00 UTC) we were alerted that three unauthorized versions of rand-user-agent had been published to the npm registry (1.0.110, 2.0.83, 2.0.84). The malicious code was never present in our GitHub repository; it was introduced only in the npm artifacts, making this a classic supply-chain attack.

Our investigation (still ongoing) shows that the adversary obtained an outdated automation token from an employee and used it to publish releases to npm. That token had not been scoped with 2-factor authentication, allowing the attacker to: Publish versions that did not exist in GitHub, Increment the version numbers to appear legitimate, Deprecate nothing, hoping the new releases would propagate before anyone noticed.

There is no evidence of a breach in our source-code repository, build pipeline, or corporate network. The incident was limited to the npm registry.

We apologize to every developer and organization impacted by this incident. Protecting the open-source ecosystem is a responsibility we take seriously, and we are committed to full transparency as we close every gap that allowed this attack to occur.”
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Trojan
Android Banking Trojan malware Malware Attack News Trojan

New Android Banking Trojan 'Crocodilus' Emerges as Sophisticated Threat in Spain and Turkey

 

A newly identified Android banking malware named Crocodilus is making waves in the cybersecurity world, with experts warning about its advanced capabilities and targeted attacks in Spain and Turkey. Discovered by Dutch mobile security firm ThreatFabric, the malware represents a major leap in sophistication, emerging not as a prototype but as a fully-developed threat capable of device takeover, remote control, and stealth data harvesting through accessibility services. 

Unlike many early-stage banking trojans, Crocodilus comes armed with a broad range of functionalities from its inception. Masquerading as Google Chrome via a misleading package name ("quizzical.washbowl.calamity"), the malware bypasses Android 13+ restrictions and initiates its attack by requesting accessibility permissions. Once granted, it connects to a command-and-control (C2) server to receive a list of targeted financial applications and corresponding HTML overlays to steal login credentials. 

The malware also targets cryptocurrency users with a unique social engineering strategy. Instead of spoofing wallet login pages, it pushes alarming messages urging users to back up their seed phrases within 12 hours or risk losing access. This manipulative tactic prompts victims to expose their seed phrases, which are then harvested via accessibility logging—giving attackers full access to the wallets. 

Crocodilus operates continuously in the background, monitoring app launches, capturing screen elements, and even intercepting one-time passwords from apps like Google Authenticator. It conceals its malicious activity by muting sounds and deploying a black screen overlay to keep users unaware. Key features include launching apps, removing itself from devices, sending SMS messages, retrieving contacts, requesting device admin rights, enabling keylogging, and modifying SMS management privileges. The malware’s ability to dynamically update C2 server settings further enhances its adaptability. 

ThreatFabric notes that the malware’s sophistication, especially in its initial version, suggests a seasoned developer behind its creation—likely Turkish-speaking, based on code analysis. The emergence of Crocodilus underscores the evolving threat landscape of mobile banking malware, where adversaries are deploying complex and evasive techniques earlier in development cycles. In a related development, Forcepoint reported a separate phishing campaign using tax-themed emails to spread the Grandoreiro banking trojan in Latin America and Spain, indicating a broader uptick in banking malware activity across platforms and regions.
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Trojan
Cybersecurity Exploit malware backdoor NPM Reverse Shell Trojan

Malicious npm Packages Plant Persistent Reverse Shell Backdoors

 

Security researchers have uncovered two malicious npm packages that stealthily modify legitimate, locally installed libraries to embed a persistent reverse shell backdoor—even after the original malicious code is deleted.

The stealthy threat was identified by cybersecurity experts at Reversing Labs, who emphasized the potential risk despite the packages not seeing widespread downloads.

"It's not unusual to encounter downloaders on npm; they are maybe not as common as infostealers, but they are far from uncommon," explains Reversing Labs.

"However, this downloader is worth discussing because of the exceptional strategies employed by the attackers to hide the malicious payload it delivered."

The malicious packages—'ethers-provider2' and 'ethers-providerz'—were found during Reversing Labs’ routine inspections of the open-source supply chain.

The 'ethers-provider2' package, still available on npm at the time of reporting, is built off the popular 'ssh2' npm package. However, its install.js script is altered to fetch a second-stage payload from a remote server. Once executed, this payload is deleted to avoid detection.

It then looks for the legitimate 'ethers' package, and if present, replaces its provider-jsonrpc.js file with a trojanized version. This new file contacts a remote server to download a third-stage payload, effectively establishing a reverse shell using a tampered SSH client that imitates the real SSH2 module.

The alarming part? Uninstalling the original malicious package does not remove the infected ethers package, leaving the backdoor in place.

Similarly, 'ethers-providerz' mirrors this behavior but targets the @ethersproject/providers package. Its goal, based on code analysis, is the same: to patch the library and create a reverse shell pointing to the malicious IP (5[.]199[.]166[.]1:31337).

Earlier versions of this package had path errors, making them ineffective, but the author has since removed it from npm, potentially to re-upload a corrected version later.

Researchers also flagged two additional packages, 'reproduction-hardhat' and '@theoretical123/providers', as likely part of the same coordinated attack.

To help developers detect such threats, Reversing Labs has released a YARA rule targeting the known malware associated with this campaign. They strongly advise developers to regularly scan their environments and inspect packages for suspicious activity.

As a general rule, it’s critical to verify package integrity and authorship when downloading from platforms like npm or PyPI, and to watch for red flags such as obfuscated code or connections to external servers.
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Trojan
Cyber Security Google AMP Phishing Attacks RATs Russia TikTok Trojan

Hackers Use Russian Domains for Phishing Attacks

Hackers Use Russian Domains for Phishing Attacks

The latest research has found a sharp rise in suspicious email activities and a change in attack tactics. If you are someone who communicates via email regularly, keep a lookout for malicious or unusual activities, it might be a scam. The blog covers the latest attack tactics threat actors are using.

Malicious email escapes SEGs

Daily, at least one suspicious email escapes Secure Email Getaways (SEGs), like Powerpoint and Microsoft, every 45 seconds, showing a significant rise from last year’s attack rate of one of every 57 seconds, according to the insights from Cofense Intelligence’s third-quarter report.

A sudden increase in the use of remote access Trojans (RATs) allows hackers to gain illegal access to the target’s system, which leads to further abuse, theft, and data exploitation.

Increase in Remote Access Trojan (RAT) use

Remcos RAT, a frequently used tool among hackers, is a key factor contributing to the surge in RAT attacks. It allows the attacker to remotely manipulate infected systems, exfiltrate data, deploy other malware, and obtain persistent access to vulnerable networks.

According to the data, the use of open redirects in phishing attempts has increased by 627%. These attacks use legitimate website functionality to redirect users to malicious URLs, frequently disguised as well-known and reputable domains.

Using TikTok and Google AMP

TikTok and Google AMP are frequently used to carry out these attacks, leveraging their worldwide reach and widespread use by unknowing users.

The use of malicious Office documents, particularly those in.docx format, increased by roughly 600%. These documents frequently include phishing links or QR codes that lead people to malicious websites.

Microsoft Office documents are an important attack vector due to their extensive use in commercial contexts, making them perfect for targeting enterprises via spear-phishing operations.

Furthermore, there has been a substantial shift in data exfiltration strategies, with a rise in the use of.ru and.su top-level domains (TLDs). Domains with the.ru (Russia) and.su (Soviet Union) extensions saw usage spikes of more than fourfold and twelvefold, respectively, indicating cybercriminals are turning to less common and geographically associated domains to evade detection and make it more difficult for victims and security teams to track data theft activities.

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Trojan
Backoor Malvertising malware Smokedham Trojan

Smokedham: Malicious Backdoor for Surveillance and Ransomware Campaigns

Smokedham: Malicious Backdoor for Surveillance and Ransomware Campaigns

A study by TRAC Labs reveals details about a backdoor called “SMOKEDHAM”, a malicious tool used by hacker UNC2465. The financially motivated attacker has been in action since 2019, the SMOKEDHAM tool plays a main role in sophisticated extortion and launching ransomware attacks, making UNC2465 the most adaptive and persistent threat group in the cybersecurity environment.

About Smokedham malware

SMOKEDHAM is a highly adaptable backdoor planted through trojanized software installers and strives via malvertising campaigns. “UNC2465 has leveraged trojanized installers disguised as legitimate tools, such as KeyStore Explorer and Angry IP Scanner, to deliver SMOKEDHAM payloads,” says TRAC Labs.

Once deployed, SMOKEDHAM allows hackers initial entry to a victim’s device, making way for network surveillance, later movements, and deploying ransomware. If we look back, SMOKEDHAM has links with DARKSIDE ransomware, and UNC2465 has now shifted focus to Lockbit ransomware.

When infecting the target system, SMOKEDHAM uses stealthy techniques, this includes DLL side-loading and PowerShell obfuscation. 

Important steps in the infection process include: 

Manipulating Service: The backdoor changes configurations of Windows services like MSDTC to maintain presence and exploit privileges. “The purpose of running these commands is to later DLL side-load the binary named oci.dll retrieved from the C2 server.”

Trojanized Installers: Distributed through famous platforms like Google Ads, these trojan installers may look legit but contain a malicious SMOKEDHAM payload.

Registry and Batch Script Modifications: Infected scripts run payloads, and configure registry keys for maintaining presence, and also make PowerShell commands for obfuscation. 

For post-campaign activities, the attacker uses:

1. Using tools such as Advanced IP Scanner and Bloodhound to track valuable targets in a compromised network. 

2. Credential Harvesting: Extracting login credentials for future exploitation. 

3. Escaping Firewall: Using NGROK to leak internal services like RDP to the web, evading network defenses. 

“Approximately 6 hours after the execution of the malicious binary on the beachhead host, the threat actors moved laterally to the Domain Controller using WMI,” says TRAC labs.

The SMOKEDHAM backdoor is a living example of sophisticated cyber threats corrupting the cybersecurity industry, with its advanced tools for surveillance, network infiltration, and persistence.

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Trojan
CVE-2024-38213 Cyber Security CyberCrime DarkGate operators Microsoft security patch Ransomware SmartScreen vulnerability Spyware Trojan

Microsoft Patches Critical SmartScreen Vulnerability Exploited by Attackers

 


Microsoft's SmartScreen feature, a cornerstone of Windows security, faced a significant setback when a critical vulnerability, CVE-2024-38213, was exploited by cybercriminals. This vulnerability allowed attackers to circumvent SmartScreen's protective mechanisms and deliver malicious code to unsuspecting users.

The vulnerability exploited a weakness in SmartScreen's ability to identify and block potentially harmful files. By exploiting this flaw, attackers were able to disguise malware as legitimate software, tricking users into downloading and executing harmful files. This deceptive tactic, known as social engineering, is a common strategy employed by cybercriminals.

The consequences of this breach were severe. Cybercriminals were able to deploy various types of malware, including ransomware, spyware, and trojans. These malicious payloads could steal sensitive data, encrypt files for ransom, or even take control of infected systems. The potential impact on individuals and organizations was significant, ranging from financial loss to data breaches and disruption of critical operations.

Several threat groups were implicated in the exploitation of CVE-2024-38213. Notable among them were the DarkGate operators, who used the vulnerability to distribute malware through copy-and-paste operations. These attackers often targeted popular software, such as Apple iTunes, Notion, and NVIDIA, to lure victims into downloading malicious files.

Upon discovering the vulnerability, Microsoft's security teams worked diligently to develop a patch to address the issue. The patch was included in the June 2024 Patch Tuesday update. However, the company initially failed to provide a public advisory, leaving users unaware of the potential threat. This oversight highlighted the importance of timely communication and proactive security measures.

The exploitation of CVE-2024-38213 serves as a stark reminder of the constant threat posed by cybercriminals. It underscores the need for robust security measures, both at the individual and organizational level. Users must remain vigilant, exercise caution when downloading files, and keep their systems up-to-date with the latest security patches.

For organizations, the incident emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive security strategy that includes vulnerability management, incident response planning, and employee training. By investing in these areas, businesses can better protect themselves against cyber threats and minimize the potential damage from successful attacks.

As the cyber threat landscape continues to evolve, it is essential for both individuals and organizations to stay informed about emerging threats and best practices for cybersecurity. By working together, we can help create a safer digital environment for everyone.

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Trojan
cryptocurrency Cryptojacking Cyberattacks Cyberbreach Cyberhakcers Cybersecurity Cyberthreats IoT Malicious program Technology Trojan

Cryptojacking Attacks Soar 409% in India Amid a Global Shift in Cybersecurity Tactics

 


A rise in technology has also led to an increase in cybersecurity concerns as a result of the rise of technology. It is becoming more and more common for users across the world to fall victim to online scams day after day, and this is even getting the authorities in action, as they're now attempting to combat this trend by taking steps to introduce safeguards for users. 

According to the first half of 2024 global statistics, malware volume increased by a whopping 30 per cent on a global scale. As a result of this increase alone, the number of reports increased by 92 per cent in May. Throughout 2024, the number of malware attacks in the country increased by 11 per cent and ransomware attacks rose by 22 per cent, indicating that businesses are facing more cyber threats than ever before, according to a report by SonicWall. 

A SonicWall report published in February 2024 revealed that malware attacks increased by eleven per cent in volume from 12,13,528 in 2023 to 13,44,566 in 2024 as compared to the previous year. IoT (Internet of Things) attacks have increased by 59 per cent in the last year, with 16,80,787 attacks occurring annually in 2024 as opposed to 10,57,320 in 2023, the study found. 

There is no doubt that India is making substantial efforts to become one of the leading countries in the field of technology. While the use of technology has increased over the years, a recent trend has also been accompanied by significant cybersecurity risks. Attacks on Internet of Things (IoT) devices have increased by 59 per cent in 2024 as compared to 1,057,320 in 2023, which marks an increase of 11 per cent in malware attacks, a 22 per cent increase in ransomware attacks, and an 11 per cent increase in Internet of Things (IoT) attacks. 

According to the report, there was a marked increase in both ransomware attacks and crypto attacks; the latter grew by an astonishing 409 per cent. The SonicWall Vice President for APJ Sales, Debasish Mukherjee, noted that organizations are facing an increasingly hostile threat environment because attackers are continuing to innovate beyond traditional defences to become more successful. According to the "Mid-Year Cyber Threat Report" published by SonicWall, the rise of new cyber threats is becoming increasingly prevalent among businesses due to these new developments in cybersecurity. 

Cryptojacking attacks are increasing, and India has reported the highest number of attacks with a 409 per cent increase compared to a global decline of 60 per cent — a startling statistic. In a recent report published by SonicWall Capture Labs, SonicWall released the 2024 SonicWall Mid-Year Cyber Threat Report today. This report reveals that cyber threats are once again on the rise after an 11% increase in 2023, confirming the 11% rise in high-quality attacks since 2023.

A report published by the company details the changing threat landscape over the first five months of this year, showing the persistence, relentlessness, and ever-growing nature of cyber threats across the globe. A report that has been designed with SonicWall's partners in mind, has undergone several changes over the past few years, much like SonicWall itself has undergone several changes. As part of its evolution, the report has recently changed the way it measures vital cyber threat data to include time as a component. 

A key part of the report outlines the latest threats which are affecting our partners and the customers they serve, and for the first time, it highlights how attacks can have a direct impact on our partners, including threats to revenue. According to SonicWall intelligence, on average, companies are likely to be under critical attack - that is, attacks which are most likely to deplete business resources - for 1,104 of the 880 working hours they have in a given month. 

In the first five months of 2024, businesses were shielded from potential downtime of up to 46 days, a critical safeguard that protected 12.6% of total revenues from potentially devastating cyber intrusions. This significant finding was among the key insights from a recent report, underscoring the escalating threats faced by modern enterprises. 

Douglas McKee, Executive Director of Threat Research at SonicWall, emphasized the importance of robust cybersecurity measures, stating, "The data and examples found in the report provide real-life scenarios of how crafty and swift malicious actors operate, underscoring that traditional cybersecurity defences often prove to be the most reliable." One of the most pressing concerns highlighted in the report is the increasing sophistication of supply chain attacks. 

These attacks exploit the interconnectedness of modern enterprises, targeting vulnerabilities in third-party software and services to compromise broader networks. The first half of 2024 saw several sophisticated attacks, including a high-profile breach involving the JetBrains TeamCity authentication bypass. By the end of 2023, three out of the top five companies globally had already suffered supply chain breaches, affecting more than 50% of their customers. 

These breaches were primarily due to vulnerabilities such as Log4j Log4Shell and Heartbleed. The report also revealed that organizations, on average, took 55 days to patch even 50% of their critical vulnerabilities, further exposing them to risk. In response to these growing threats, Microsoft has made significant strides in addressing vulnerabilities. 

In 2023, the company patched more than 900 vulnerabilities, with Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerabilities accounting for 36% of them. Despite the high number of RCE vulnerabilities, they were exploited only 5% of the time. In contrast, Elevation of Privilege vulnerabilities, which were leveraged 52% of the time, posed a greater risk. By mid-2024, Microsoft had already patched 434 vulnerabilities, matching the record set in 2023. 

Notably, 40% of these vulnerabilities were classified as RCE, yet 86% of the exploited vulnerabilities were related to Security Feature Bypass or Elevation of Privilege issues. The report also sheds light on the growing threat posed by Remote Access Trojans (RATs). These malicious programs disguise themselves as legitimate applications to obtain necessary permissions and connect to command-and-control servers, enabling them to steal sensitive information and bypass multi-factor authentication (MFA). Industries will experience several sophisticated RAT attacks in 2024, with malware such as Anubis, AhMyth, and Cerberus evolving to bypass MFA, making them a significant cybersecurity threat. PowerShell, a versatile scripting language and command-line shell, has also become a favoured tool among malicious actors due to its user-friendly features. 

The report revealed that 90% of prevalent malware families, including AgentTesla, AsyncRAT, GuLoader, DBatLoader, and LokiBot, utilize PowerShell for malicious activities. Of these, 73% use PowerShell to download additional malware, evade detection, and carry out other harmful actions. This report serves as a stark reminder of the increasing sophistication and prevalence of cyber threats in 2024, underscoring the need for continued vigilance and robust cybersecurity measures to protect businesses and their customers.
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Trojan
Cyber Attacks IT Sector Malware Attack Ransomware attack Ransomware Threat Remote Access Trojan Trojan

New Ransomware Threat: Hunters International Deploys SharpRhino RAT

 

In a troubling development for cybersecurity professionals, the Hunters International ransomware group has introduced a sophisticated new remote access trojan (RAT) called SharpRhino. This C#-based malware is specifically designed to target IT workers and breach corporate networks through a multi-stage attack process. The malware’s primary functions include achieving initial infection, elevating privileges on compromised systems, executing PowerShell commands, and ultimately deploying a ransomware payload. 

Recent findings from Quorum Cyber researchers reveal that SharpRhino is distributed via a malicious site masquerading as Angry IP Scanner, a legitimate networking tool widely used by IT professionals. The deceptive website uses typosquatting techniques to lure unsuspecting users into downloading the malware. This approach highlights a new tactic by Hunters International, aiming to exploit the trust IT workers place in well-known tools. The SharpRhino RAT operates through a digitally signed 32-bit installer named ‘ipscan-3.9.1-setup.exe.’ 

This installer contains a self-extracting, password-protected 7z archive filled with additional files necessary for the malware’s execution. Upon installation, SharpRhino modifies the Windows registry to ensure persistence on the compromised system and creates a shortcut to Microsoft.AnyKey.exe, which is normally a Microsoft Visual Studio binary but is abused here for malicious purposes. Additionally, the installer drops a file named ‘LogUpdate.bat,’ which executes PowerShell scripts to run the malware stealthily. To facilitate command and control (C2) operations, SharpRhino creates two directories: ‘C:\ProgramData\Microsoft: WindowsUpdater24’ and ‘LogUpdateWindows.’ 

These directories are used to manage communication between the malware and its operators. SharpRhino also includes hardcoded commands such as ‘delay’ to set the timer for the next POST request and ‘exit’ to terminate communication. This enables the malware to execute various dangerous actions, including launching PowerShell commands. For instance, Quorum Cyber researchers demonstrated the malware’s capability by launching the Windows calculator. Hunters International, which began operations in late 2023, has been associated with several high-profile ransomware attacks. Notable victims include U.S. Navy contractor Austal USA, Japanese optics giant Hoya, Integris Health, and the Fred Hutch Cancer Center. 

In 2024 alone, the group has claimed responsibility for 134 ransomware attacks, ranking it among the top ten most active ransomware operators globally. The deployment of SharpRhino through a fake website underscores Hunters International’s strategic focus on IT professionals, leveraging their reliance on familiar software to infiltrate corporate networks. To protect against such threats, users should exercise caution with search results and sponsored links, use ad blockers, and verify the authenticity of download sources. Implementing robust backup plans, network segmentation, and keeping software up-to-date are essential measures to mitigate the risk of ransomware attacks.
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Trojan
Clone Cyber Security Malicious Payload Minesweeper Trojan

Unmasking the Trojan: How Hackers Exploit Innocent Games for Malicious Intent


Hackers continue to find ingenious ways to infiltrate organizations and compromise sensitive data. Recently, a peculiar attack vector emerged—one that leverages an unsuspecting source: a Python clone of the classic Minesweeper game. 

In this blog post, we delve into the details of this novel attack and explore the implications for cybersecurity professionals.

The Trojanized Minesweeper Clone

The Setup

The attack begins innocuously enough—an email arrives in an employee’s inbox, seemingly from a legitimate medical center. 

The subject line reads, “Personal Web Archive of Medical Documents.” Curiosity piqued, the recipient opens the email and finds a Dropbox link to download a 33MB SCR file. The file claims to contain a web archive of medical documents, but hidden within its code lies a sinister secret.

The Malicious Payload

The SCR file contains two distinct components:

Legitimate Minesweeper Code

  • The attackers cleverly embed code from a Python clone of the classic Minesweeper game. This seemingly harmless code serves as camouflage, distracting security scanners and human reviewers.
  • The Minesweeper game runs as expected, creating a façade of normalcy.

Malicious Python Script

  • Concealed within the Minesweeper code, a malicious Python script lies dormant.
  • When executed, this script connects to a remote server (“anotepad.com”) and downloads additional payloads.
  • The ultimate goal? To install the SuperOps RMM (Remote Monitoring and Management) software—a legitimate tool that provides remote access to compromised systems.

The Threat Actor: UAC-0188

The attack is attributed to a threat actor known as “UAC-0188.” This actor demonstrates a keen understanding of social engineering and exploits users’ trust in seemingly benign applications. By piggybacking on the Minesweeper clone, UAC-0188 bypasses initial scrutiny and gains a foothold within the organization.

Implications and Countermeasures

Organizations must remain vigilant and adopt proactive measures to counter such attacks:

User Awareness

  • Educate employees about phishing tactics and the importance of scrutinizing unexpected attachments.
  • Encourage skepticism—even when the sender appears legitimate.

Behavioral Analysis

  • Implement behavioral analysis tools that detect anomalies in file behavior.
  • Scrutinize code for hidden payloads, especially within seemingly harmless files.

Network Segmentation

  • Isolate critical systems from less secure areas of the network.
  • Limit lateral movement for attackers.

Regular Security Audits

  • Conduct regular audits to identify vulnerabilities.
  • Update security policies and procedures accordingly. 

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User Security
Bing Ad Cyber Fraud Fake Website Malicious Sites Trojan User Security

Bing Ad Posing as NordVPN Aims to Propagate SecTopRAT Malware

 

A Bing advertisement that appeared to be a link to install NordVPN instead led to an installer for the remote access malware SecTopRAT. 

Malwarebytes Labs identified the malvertising campaign on Thursday, with the domain name for the malicious ad having been registered only a day earlier. The URL (nordivpn[.]xyz) was intended to resemble an authentic NordVPN domain. The ad link linked to a website with another typosquatted URL (besthord-vpn[.]com) and a duplicate of the actual NordVPN website.

The download button on the fake website directed to a Dropbox folder containing the installer NordVPNSetup.exe. This executable comprised both an authentic NordVPN installation and a malware payload that was injected into MSBuild.exe and connected to the attacker's command-and-control (C2) server.

The threat actor attempted to digitally sign the malicious programme, however the signature proved to be invalid. However, Jérôme Segura, Principal Threat Researcher at Malwarebytes ThreatDown Labs, told SC Media on Friday that he discovered the software had a valid code signing certificate. 

Segura said some security products may block the executable due to its invalid signature, but, “Perhaps the better evasion technique is the dynamic process injection where the malicious code is injected into a legitimate Windows application.” 

“Finally, we should note that the file contains an installer for NordVPN which could very well thwart detection of the whole executable,” Segura added. 

The malicious payload, SecTopRAT, also known as ArechClient, is a remote access trojan (RAT) identified by MalwareHunterTeam in November 2019 and then analysed by GDATA experts. The researchers discovered that the RAT produces an "invisible" second desktop, allowing the attacker to manage browser sessions on the victim's PC. 

SecTopRAT can also provide system information, such as the system name, username, and hardware, to the attacker's C2 server. 

Malwarebytes reported the malware campaign to both Microsoft, which controls Bing, and Dropbox. Dropbox has since deactivated the account that contained the malware, and Segura said his team had yet to hear anything from Microsoft as of Friday. 

“We did notice that the threat actors updated their infrastructure last night, perhaps in reaction to our report. They are now redirecting victims to a new domain thenordvpn[.]info which may indicate that the malvertising campaign is still active, perhaps under another advertiser identity,” Segura concluded. 

Other malvertising efforts promoting SecTopRAT have been discovered in the past. In 2021, Ars Technica reported on a campaign that used Google advertisements to promote the Brave browser.

Last October, threat actors employed malvertising, search engine optimisation (SEO) poisoning, and website breaches to deceive consumers into installing a fake MSIX Windows programme package containing the GHOSTPULSE malware loader. Once deployed, GHOSTPULSE employs a process doppelganging to enable the execution of several malware strains, including SecTopRAT.
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Trojan
Cybersecurity Precautions data security iPhone Malware Mobile Security Trojan

Securing Your iPhone from GoldPickaxe Trojan

 

In recent times, the digital realm has become a battleground where cybercriminals constantly devise new tactics to breach security measures and exploit unsuspecting users. The emergence of the GoldPickaxe Trojan serves as a stark reminder of the ever-present threat to our personal data and privacy. As reported by 9to5Mac, this insidious malware has targeted iPhone users, raising concerns about the safety and security of our devices. 

The GoldPickaxe Trojan is a sophisticated form of malware designed to infiltrate iPhones, compromising sensitive information and potentially causing significant harm to users. This malicious software operates covertly, often masquerading as legitimate applications or using social engineering tactics to trick users into installing it. Once installed on a device, the GoldPickaxe Trojan can execute a range of malicious activities, including stealing personal data such as login credentials, financial information, and sensitive communications. 

Moreover, it may grant unauthorized access to the device, allowing cybercriminals to control its functionalities remotely. Given the severity of the threat posed by the GoldPickaxe Trojan, it is imperative for iPhone users to take proactive measures to safeguard their devices and personal data. Here are some essential steps to enhance your device's security and protect against this insidious malware. 

Ensure that your iPhone's operating system, as well as all installed applications, is up to date. Manufacturers regularly release security patches and updates to address vulnerabilities and strengthen defences against emerging threats like the GoldPickaxe Trojan. Exercise caution when downloading and installing applications from the App Store or third-party sources. Verify the authenticity of the developer and scrutinize app permissions before granting access to your device's resources. Avoid installing apps from unknown or untrusted sources, as they may contain malicious payloads. 
 
Activate two-factor authentication (2FA) wherever possible to add an extra layer of security to your accounts. By requiring a secondary verification method, such as a one-time code sent to your phone, 2FA can thwart unauthorized access attempts even if your login credentials are compromised by the GoldPickaxe Trojan. Use strong, unique passwords for all your online accounts, including your iPhone's lock screen and iCloud account. Avoid using easily guessable passwords or reusing the same password across multiple platforms, as this can significantly increase the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches. 

Consider installing reputable antivirus and security software on your iPhone to detect and remove malicious threats like the GoldPickaxe Trojan. These applications can provide real-time protection against malware, phishing attacks, and other cyber threats, helping to safeguard your device and personal information. Remain vigilant against suspicious activities and phishing attempts, such as unsolicited emails or messages requesting sensitive information. Stay informed about the latest cybersecurity threats and trends, and educate yourself on best practices for online safety and privacy. 

The GoldPickaxe Trojan represents a significant threat to iPhone users, highlighting the importance of robust security measures and proactive defence strategies. By following the guidelines above and adopting a security-conscious mindset, you can mitigate the risk of falling victim to this malicious malware and protect your device, data, and privacy from harm. Remember, safeguarding your iPhone is not just a matter of convenience; it's a crucial step in safeguarding your digital identity and maintaining control over your online presence in an increasingly interconnected world.
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Trojan
Banking Trojan cyber attack Cyber Attacks Malicious Activities Mexico Mispadu Stealer Trojan

New Variant of Banking Trojan Discovered Targeting Mexico

In a recent discovery, cybersecurity researchers from Palo Alto Networks Unit 42 have uncovered a new variant of the stealthy banking Trojan known as Mispadu Stealer. This infostealer is specifically designed to target regions and URLs associated with Mexico, posing a significant threat to users in the region. 

The researchers stumbled upon this new variant while conducting investigations into attacks exploiting the Windows SmartScreen bypass vulnerability CVE-2023-36025. This vulnerability has been a prime target for cybercriminals looking to bypass security measures and infiltrate systems. However, it was addressed by Microsoft in November 2023. 

How You Are Being Attacked?

Essentially, attackers exploit a flaw in Windows SmartScreen, a security feature designed to warn users about potentially harmful downloads. By crafting internet shortcut files (.URL) or hyperlinks that point to malicious content, they can evade SmartScreen's defenses. This evasion tactic hinges on including a parameter that points to a network share rather than a standard URL. Inside the manipulated.URL file is a link leading to a network share controlled by the threat actor, housing a dangerous executable file. 

Since August 2022, Mispadu has been behind numerous spam campaigns, resulting in the theft of over 90,000 bank account credentials. This revelation highlights the significant threat Mispadu poses to the financial security of users across Latin America. However, Mispadu is just one member of a larger family of LATAM banking malware. 

Among its notorious counterparts is Grandoreiro, a formidable threat that has plagued users in the region. Recent efforts by law enforcement authorities in Brazil have resulted in the dismantling of Grandoreiro, offering some relief to users. 

Despite this success, cybersecurity experts warn that the danger from Mispadu and similar malware persists. Users are urged to remain vigilant when dealing with unsolicited emails and to bolster their defenses with robust security measures. By staying informed and implementing proactive strategies, users can better protect themselves against potential attacks.
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Trojan
Bandook Malware cryptocurrency Cyber Attacks CyberCrime Cybersecurity RAT Trojan

Unveiling 'Bandook': A Threat that Adapts and Persists

 


The Bandook malware family, which was thought to be extinct, is back and may be part of a larger operation intended to sell offensive hacking tools to governments and cybercriminal groups to attack them. Several recent research papers have been released by Check Point Research, which indicate that Bandook is regaining popularity across a wide range of targeted sectors and locations despite being a 13-year-old bank, Trojan. 

It has been observed that dozens of variants of the malware have been used in attacks in the United States, Singapore, Cyprus, Chile, Italy, Turkey, Switzerland, Indonesia and Germany over the past year in attacks against organizations. Government, finance, energy, food, healthcare, education, IT, and legal are some of the sectors targeted by the software. 

In 2007, Bandook malware was discovered as a remote access trojan (RAT) that has been active for several years. It has been reported that Bandook malware has evolved into a new variant that injects its payload into msinfo32.exe to distribute the malware and allow remote attackers to take control of the system if it is infected. As a result, this remote access trojan poses a significant threat to users privacy, as it is capable of performing various tasks allowing cybercriminals to gather various types of personal data. 

Therefore, my recommendation would be to avoid installing it if people are gaming their system and its usage can lead to several problems. Originally developed as a commercial RAT written in both Delphi and C++, Bandook RAT eventually evolved into several variants over the years, and this malware became available for download from the internet. Formerly a commercial RAT, Bandook was originally developed by a Lebanese named Prince Ali as a commercial RAT. 

It is common for remote access trojans to be used to remotely manage infected computers, without the consent of the users. In addition to keylogging, audio capture (microphone) and video capture (webcam), screenshot capture and uploading to a remote server, and running various command shell programs, this malware is capable of performing a variety of malicious activities. 

Cybercriminals could take advantage of this situation to gain access to personal accounts (for example, social networks, emails, banks, etc.). To gain as much revenue as possible, these people will use hijacked accounts for various purposes such as online purchases, money transfers, asking the victim's friends to lend them money, etc. Consequently, they are likely to make misuse of hijacked accounts. 

Moreover, thieves can use hijacked accounts to spread malware, sending malicious files and links to all contacts in the account. They can also utilize Bandook to launch several Windows shell commands, which could result in a significant loss of savings and debt. A Trojan horse is often used to spread infections, such as ransomware and crypto miners since they can modify system settings as well as download (inject) additional malware. 

Trojan horses are also often used to spread viruses and malware. There is a risk that this infection will result in significant financial loss, serious privacy issues (such as identity theft), as well as additional infections of the computer system. The last time Bandook was spotted was in 2015 as part of the "Operation Manul" campaign, while the last time it was spotted was in 2017-2018 as part of the "Dark Caracal" campaign. 

During the last few years, the malware had all but disappeared from the threat landscape, but it appears it has begun to resurface again. An infected computer will receive a malware chain consisting of three stages. The first stage is to download two files into the local user folder using a lure document, which contains malicious VBA macro code encoded with an encryption algorithm. 

First, there is a PowerShell script file that gets dropped into the user's folder, and the second file is a JPG file which contains a base64 encoded PowerShell script that is saved in the JPG file. Its second stage will be the decoding and executing of the base64 encoded PowerShell scripts stored in the JPG file, which will render a zip file containing four files from cloud services, then download the zip file containing the files in the zip file. 

Among the four files, three of them are PNG files with hidden RC4 functions encapsulated in the RGB values of the pixels that belong to the RGB file. As a result of the existence of these files, an executable that acts as a Bandook loader will be constructed. 

After the creation of the Internet Explorer process, the bandook loader will inject the malicious payload into the process and then proceed to the final stage of the process. It is the payload that makes contact with the command and control server, and it waits for the server to give additional commands.
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Trojan
Data Exfiltration malware MMRat Mobile Network Privacy Protobuf Technology threats Trojan

Rare Technique Deployed by Android Malware to Illicitly Harvest Banking Data

 

Trend Micro, a cybersecurity research firm, has recently unveiled a novel mobile Trojan that employs an innovative communication technique. This method, known as protobuf data serialization, enhances its ability to pilfer sensitive data from compromised devices.

Initially detected by Trend Micro in June 2023, this malware, named MMRat, primarily targets users in Southeast Asia. Surprisingly, when MMRat was first identified, popular antivirus scanning services like VirusTotal failed to flag it as malicious.

MMRat boasts a wide array of malicious functionalities. These include collecting network, screen, and battery data, pilfering contact lists, employing keylogging techniques, capturing real-time screen content, recording and live-streaming camera data, and even dumping screen data in text formats. Notably, MMRat possesses the ability to uninstall itself if required.

The capacity to capture real-time screen content necessitates efficient data transmission, and this is where the protobuf protocol shines. It serves as a customized protocol for data exfiltration, using distinct ports and protocols to exchange data with the Command and Control (C2) server.

Trend Micro's report highlights the uniqueness of the C&C protocol, which is customized based on Netty, a network application framework, and the aforementioned Protobuf. It incorporates well-designed message structures, utilizing an overarching structure to represent all message types and the "oneof" keyword to denote different data types.

Researchers have uncovered instances of this malware concealed within counterfeit mobile app stores, masquerading as government or dating applications. While they commend the overall sophistication of these efforts, it's essential to note that these apps still request permissions for Android's Accessibility Service, a common red flag that clearly signals their malicious nature.
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zero-day
Anonymous Data Breach ICAN Italy Kali Linux PowerShell servers Software Trojan unauthorised access zero-day

Global Ransomware Attack Targets VMware ESXi Servers



Cybersecurity firms around the world have recently warned of an increase in cyberattacks, particularly those targeting corporate banking clients and computer servers. The Italian National Cybersecurity Agency (ACN) recently reported a global ransomware hacking campaign that targeted VMware ESXi servers, urging organisations to take action to protect their systems.

In addition, Italian cybersecurity firm Cleafy researchers Federico Valentini and Alessandro Strino reported an ongoing financial fraud campaign since at least 2019 that leverages a new web-inject toolkit called drIBAN. The main goal of drIBAN fraud operations is to infect Windows workstations inside corporate environments, altering legitimate banking transfers performed by the victims and transferring money to an illegitimate bank account.

These accounts are either controlled by the threat actors or their affiliates, who are then tasked with laundering the stolen funds. The fraudulent transactions are often realized by means of a technique called Automated Transfer System (ATS) that's capable of bypassing anti-fraud systems put in place by banks and initiating unauthorized wire transfers from a victim's own computer.

The operators behind drIBAN have become more adept at avoiding detection and developing effective social engineering strategies, in addition to establishing a foothold for long periods in corporate bank networks. Furthermore, there are indications that the activity cluster overlaps with a 2018 campaign mounted by an actor tracked by Proofpoint as TA554 targeting users in Canada, Italy, and the U.K.

Organisations need to be aware of these threats and take immediate action to protect their systems from cyberattacks. The ACN has reported that dozens of Italian organisations have been likely affected by the global ransomware attack and many more have been warned to take action to avoid being locked out of their systems.


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virus
communication Cyber Attacks DNS Informationblox malware RAT Trojan virus

DNS Malware Toolkit Discovered by Infoblox and Urged to be Blocked

 


This week, Infoblox Inc. announced the release of its threat report blog on a remote access Trojan (RAT) toolkit with DNS command and control, which is being used for remote access and data theft. Infoblox provides a cloud-enabled networking and security platform capable of improving performance and protection. 

In the U.S., Europe, South America, and Asia, an anomalous DNS signature had been observed in enterprise networks that were created through the use of the toolkit. Across a wide range of sectors such as technology, healthcare, energy, financial services, and others, these trends were seen. The communications with the Russian controller can be traced to some of these communications. 

A malware program is a software application that infiltrates your computer with the intent of committing malicious acts. Viruses, worms, ransomware, spyware, Trojan horses, Trojan horses, spyware, and keylogging programs, all of which can be classified as malware. There are alarming challenges network and security professionals face daily in the face of malware that is becoming more sophisticated and capable of circumventing traditional defenses. 

By leveraging DNS infrastructure and threat intelligence, Infoblox's Malware Containment and Control solution can help organizations reduce malware risk by employing the most effective mitigation methods. Additionally, it enables leading security technologies to use contextual threat data, indicators of compromise, and other context-sensitive information to automate and accelerate the threat response process. 

Informationblox's Threat Intelligence Group discovered a new toolkit known as "Decoy Dog" that was branded as an attack toolkit. To disrupt this activity, the company collaborates with other security vendors, customers, and government agencies to work together. 

Furthermore, it identifies the attack vector and even secures networks across the globe. A crucial insight is that DNS anomalies that are measured over time proved to be important in detecting and analyzing the RAT, but also enabling the C2 communications to be tracked together despite appearing to be independent on the surface. 

Analyzing threats, identifying them, and mitigating them: 

During the first and second quarters of 2023, Infoblox discovered activity in multiple enterprise networks caused by the remote access Trojan (RAT) Puppy being active in multiple enterprise networks. C2 communication has not been found since April 2022, indicating that this was a one-way communication. 

An indicator of the presence of a RAT can be uncovered by investigating its DNS footprint. It does, however, show some strong outlier behavior when analyzed using a global cloud-based DNS protection system such as Infoblox's BloxOne® Threat Defense, when compared to traditional DNS protection systems. The integration of heterogeneous domains within Infoblox was also made possible by this technology. 

Communication between two C2 systems takes place over DNS and is supported by an open-source RAT known as Puppy. The project is an open-source project but it has always been associated with actors that are acting on behalf of nations despite its open nature. 

The risks associated with a vulnerable DNS can be mitigated by organizations with a protective DNS. There is no need to worry about these suspicious domains because BloxOne Threat Defense protects customers against them. 

In the detection of the RAT, anomalous DNS traffic has been detected on limited networks and devices on the network, like firewalls, but not on devices used by users, like laptops and mobile devices. 

Malware uses DNS to connect to its command and control (C&C) servers to communicate with them. As a result of its ability to contain and control malware, DNS is ideally suited for the task. Infoblox, for example, should focus on DNS as the point of attack from where malware can be injected to contain and control malware. 

It is imperative to highlight that malware prevention solutions are becoming more and more adept at sharing threat data with the broader security ecosystem. This is thanks to APIs, Syslog, and SNMP communication protocols.
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Trojan
Cyber Security Data NetWireRAT Safety Security Trojan

Who Is Responsible for the NetWire Remote Access Trojan?

 

A Croatian national was arrested for reportedly running NetWire, a Remote Access Trojan (RAT) that has been advertised on cybercrime forums since 2012 as a covert way to spy on infected systems and steal passwords. The arrest coincided with the seizure of the NetWire sales website by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the United States (FBI). While the defendant, in this case, has not yet been publicly identified, the NetWire website has been leaking information about its owner's likely true identity and location for the past 11 years.

NetWire is a multi-platform threat that can infect not only Microsoft Windows machines but also Android, Linux, and Mac systems. It is typically installed via booby-trapped Microsoft Office documents and distributed via email. NetWire's dependability and low cost ($80-$140 depending on features) have made it a popular RAT on cybercrime forums for years, and NetWire infections consistently rank among the top ten most active RATs in use.

Since 2012, NetWire has been sold openly on the same website: worldwiredlabs[.]com. The domain was taken as part of "a coordinated law enforcement action taken against the NetWire Remote Access Trojan," according to a seizure notice from the US Department of Justice (DOJ).

“As part of this week’s law enforcement action, authorities in Croatia on Tuesday arrested a Croatian national who allegedly was the administrator of the website,” reads a statement by the DOJ today. “This defendant will be prosecuted by Croatian authorities. Additionally, law enforcement in Switzerland on Tuesday seized the computer server hosting the NetWire RAT infrastructure.”

The name of the accused was not mentioned in either the DOJ statement or a press release issued by Croatian authorities about the operation. But it's remarkable that authorities in the United States and elsewhere have taken so long to take action against NetWire and its alleged owner, given that the RAT's author apparently did very little to conceal his true identity.

The WorldWiredLabs website was launched in February 2012 on a dedicated host with no other domains. The site's true WHOIS registration records have always been hidden by privacy protection services, but there are plenty of clues in WorldWiredLabs's historical Domain Name System (DNS) records that point in the same direction.

The WorldWiredLabs domain was moved to another dedicated server at the Internet address 198.91.90.7 in October 2012, which was home to only one other domain: printschoolmedia[.]org, which was also registered in 2012.

Printschoolmedia[.]org was registered to a Mario Zanko in Zapresic, Croatia, and to the email address zankomario@gmail.com, according to DomainTools.com. According to DomainTools, this email address was also used to register one other domain in 2012: wwlabshosting[.]com, which was also registered to Mario Zanko from Croatia. A look at the DNS records for printschoolmedia[.]org and wwlabshosting[.]com reveals that both domains used the DNS name server ns1.worldwiredlabs[.]com while they were online. There are no other domains that use the same name server.

Worldwiredlabs[.]com DNS records also show that the site forwarded incoming email to tommaloney@ruggedinbox.com. This email address was used to register an account at the clothing retailer romwe.com, using the password "123456xx," according to Constella Intelligence, a service that indexes information exposed by public database leaks.

A reverse search on this password in Constella Intelligence reveals that it has been used by over 450 email addresses, two of which are zankomario@gmail.com and zankomario@yahoo.com. A search in Skype for zankomario@gmail.com yields three results, including the account name "Netwire" and the username "Dugidox," as well as another for a Mario Zanko (username zanko.mario).

Dugidox is the hacker handle that has been most frequently associated with NetWire sales and support discussion threads on various cybercrime forums over the years. Constella associates dugidox@gmail.com with a number of website registrations, including the Dugidox handle on BlackHatWorld and HackForums, as well as Croatian IP addresses for both. According to Constella, the email address zankomario@gmail.com used the password "dugidox2407."

Someone with the email address dugidox@gmail.com registered the domain dugidox[.]com in 2010. The WHOIS records for that domain name list a "Senela Eanko" as the registrant, but the address used was the same street address in Zapresic that appears in the WHOIS records for printschoolmedia[.]org, which is registered in Mr. Zanco's name.

Prior to Google+'s demise, the email address dugidox@gmail.com corresponded to an account with the nickname "Netwire wwl." The dugidox email address was also linked to a Facebook account (mario.zanko3), which included check-ins and photos from various locations throughout Croatia.

That Facebook page is no longer active, but the administrator of WorldWiredLabs stated in January 2017 that he was considering adding certain Android mobile functionality to his service. Three days later, the Mario.Zank3 profile posted a photo saying he was chosen for an Android instruction course — with his dugidox email clearly visible.

According to incorporation records from the United Kingdom's Companies House, Mr. Zanko became an officer in a company called Godbex Solutions LTD in 2017. In a YouTube video, Godbex is described as a "next generation platform" for exchanging gold and cryptocurrencies. As per Companies House records, Godbex was dissolved in 2020. Mr. Zanko was born in July 1983, and his occupation is listed as "electrical engineer."

Multiple requests for comment from Mr. Zanko went unanswered. The Croatian police have issued a statement regarding the NetWire takedown.
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Trojan
Cyberattack CyberCriminal malware Mobile Banking Mobile Threats SharkBot Telecommunication Trojan

Mobile Banking Trojan Volume Doubles

 


There were nearly 200,000 new telecommunications and banking Trojans developed in 2022, an increase of 100% over the previous year and the biggest spike in mobile malware development seen in the previous six years, confirming the trend of mobile malware development being propelled forward in recent years. 

The information was provided by Kaspersky Lab's report entitled "Mobile Threats in 2022" which can be found here. During the year, the firm also reported that 1.6 million malware installers were detected as part of its telemetry as provided by telemetry. While malware creation surged ahead in 2020, there was a decline in threat activity (down from 3.5 million in 2021 and 5.7 million in 2020), despite the surge in attacks in 2021. 

Based on the report released today, cybercriminals are increasingly targeting mobile users. They are also investing a lot of time in creating updated malware to steal financial information, making these increased activities more likely. Similarly, it stated, over the last few years, cybercriminal activity has leveled off, with attack numbers staying steady after slackening in 2021. 

The truth is that cybercriminals continue to improve the functionality of malware as well as how it spreads. 

The banking Trojan is designed to steal mobile banking credentials and e-payment information, but it can quickly be repurposed to steal other kinds of information, including those related to identity theft and the spread of other malware. In the past few years, many malware strains have emerged that have become synonymous with the term "all-purpose malware strains", including popular strains like Emotet and TrickBot, for instance. 

There is a great risk that you might encounter a banking Trojan if you use a non-official app store, but Google Play has been repeatedly flooded with "downloaders of trojans such as Sharkbot, Anatsa/Teaban, Octo/Copper, and Xenomorph disguised as utilities." 

According to Kaspersky's report, unofficial apps pose the greatest risk. Sharkbot is an example of malware masquerading as a legitimate file manager that is malicious (and can evade Google's vetting process) until it has been installed. 

After that, it will begin to request permission to install other packages which will together perform malicious banking Trojan activities that can be considered malicious. In recent years, mobile banking Trojans have been one of the most prevalent and concerning mobile malware threats, used to implement attacks to steal data related to online banking and e-payment systems as well as bank credentials. This is the highest number of mobile banking Trojan installers detected by Kaspersky in the past six years. The number was double what Kaspersky detected in 2021 and represents a fifty percent increase from that year's figure. 

In light of this, cybercriminals are increasingly interested in stealing financial data from smartphone users, and this information is a target of their attacks. It is also clear that they seem to be investing heavily in updating their malware, which may result in severe losses for their targets in the long run. 

The Trojan banker malware is spread by cyber criminals through both official and unofficial app stores, through which they distribute their malware. Several banking Trojan families are still available on Google Play, including Sharkbot, Anatsa/Teaban, Octo/Copper, and Xenomorph, which are disguised as utilities but are downloaders for banking Trojans.  

In Sharkbot's case, they created a fake file manager in which they would distribute downloaders. A Trojan can request permission to be installed on the device of a user, thus putting the user's security at risk. Furthermore, these downloaders can request permission to be installed on the device so that it can operate on the user's device.
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