Qantas Airways is under investigation after personal data belonging to millions of its customers appeared online following a major cyberattack. The breach, which originated from an offshore call centre using Salesforce software, is believed to have exposed information from around 5.7 million individuals.
According to cybersecurity reports, the data was released after a criminal group known as Scattered LAPSUS$ Hunters followed through on a ransom threat. The leaked files reportedly include customers’ full names, email addresses, Frequent Flyer membership numbers, phone numbers, home and business addresses, dates of birth, and gender details. In some cases, even meal preferences were among the stolen data.
Although Qantas had outsourced customer support operations to an external provider, Australian officials emphasized that responsibility for data protection remains with the airline. “Outsourcing does not remove a company’s cybersecurity obligations,” warned Cyber Security Minister Tony Burke, who added that serious penalties may apply if organisations fail to meet legal requirements for safeguarding personal data.
Experts have cautioned customers not to search for the leaked information online, particularly on dark web platforms, to avoid scams or exposure to malicious content.
Cybersecurity researcher Troy Hunt explained that while the stolen data may not include financial details, it still poses serious risks of identity theft. “The information provides multiple points of verification that can be exploited for impersonation attacks,” he noted. Hunt added that Qantas would likely face substantial legal and financial repercussions from the incident, including class-action lawsuits.
RMIT University’s Professor Matthew Warren described the event as the beginning of a “second wave of scams,” predicting that fraudsters could impersonate Qantas representatives to trick customers into disclosing more information. “Attackers may contact victims, claiming to offer compensation or refunds, and request bank or card details,” he said. With most Qantas passengers being Australian, he warned, “a quarter of the population could be at risk.”
In response, Qantas has established a dedicated helpline and identity protection support for affected customers. The airline also secured a court injunction from the New South Wales Supreme Court to block access to the stolen data. However, this order only applies within Australia, leaving the information still accessible on some foreign websites where the databases were leaked alongside data from other companies, including Vietnam Airlines, GAP, and Fujifilm.
Legal experts have already lodged a complaint with the Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, alleging that Qantas failed to take sufficient steps to protect personal information. Similar to previous high-profile breaches involving Optus and Medibank in 2022, the case may lead to compensation claims and regulatory fines.
Professor Warren emphasised that low conviction rates for cybercrimes continue to embolden hackers. “When attackers see few consequences, it reinforces the idea that cyber laws are not a real deterrent,” he said.
U.S. and French law enforcement agencies have seized the latest version of BreachForums, a cybercrime platform known for hosting stolen databases and leaked information. The takedown was carried out by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the U.S. Department of Justice, and French cybercrime authorities, who placed an official seizure notice on the site on October 9.
This development comes just hours before an extortion deadline announced by a threat group calling itself Scattered LAPSUS$ Hunters, which had threatened to leak data allegedly stolen from Salesforce and Salesloft if ransom demands were not met by October 10.
The seizure was first noticed on Telegram before it became official. A threat actor using the alias “emo” had observed that BreachForums’ domain was using Cloudflare name servers associated with previously seized FBI sites, suggesting law enforcement action was imminent.
Following the seizure, Scattered LAPSUS$ Hunters confirmed the action on its Telegram channel through a PGP-signed message, claiming that all their BreachForums-related domains and backend infrastructure were taken offline and destroyed. The group, however, asserted that its members had not been arrested and that their Tor-based data leak site remained active.
“The era of forums is over,” the message read, warning members to maintain operational security and avoid new BreachForums clones, which the group claimed could be “honeypots” operated by law enforcement.
Compromised Infrastructure and Data
The group stated that during the seizure, all BreachForums database backups dating from 2023 to the present were compromised, along with escrow and server systems. They also alleged that their onion hidden service was affected because the underlying infrastructure had been seized and destroyed.
Despite this, Scattered LAPSUS$ Hunters insisted that the takedown would not affect their planned Salesforce data leak campaign. The group reiterated that the October 10 deadline for victims to comply with their ransom demands remained unchanged.
This marks the fourth major seizure in the history of BreachForums and its predecessors, including the earlier RaidForums. Both forums have been repeatedly targeted by global law enforcement operations and linked to several high-profile arrests over the years.
The group also revealed that the widely known administrator “pompompurin,” believed to have launched BreachForums after RaidForums’ closure, had merely been a “front,” suggesting that the forum’s operations were coordinated by a wider network of individuals from the start.
What Lies Ahead
While the seizure has temporarily disrupted the group’s clearnet operations, cyber experts caution that criminal forums often migrate to the dark web or encrypted channels to continue their activities. Authorities are expected to pursue further investigations in the coming weeks to identify and apprehend those involved.
For cybersecurity professionals and enterprises, it's high time to give importance to monitoring data exposure risks and staying alert to potential secondary leaks, especially when extortion groups remain active through alternate platforms.
Salesforce has confirmed it will not pay a ransom to an extortion group that claims to have stolen close to one billion records belonging to several of its customers. The company stated that it will not enter negotiations or make payments to any threat actor, reaffirming its policy of non-engagement with cybercriminals.
Extortion Group Claims to Have Breached Dozens of Salesforce Customers
The group behind the alleged theft calls itself “Scattered LAPSUS$ Hunters”, a name that appears to blend identities from three notorious cyber-extortion collectives: Scattered Spider, LAPSUS$, and ShinyHunters. Cybersecurity firm Mandiant, owned by Google, has been tracking this activity under the identifier UNC6040, though analysts say the group’s exact origins and membership remain unconfirmed.
According to Mandiant’s June report, the campaign began in May, when attackers used voice-based social engineering, or “vishing,” to trick employees at several organizations using Salesforce’s platform. Pretending to represent technical support teams, the callers persuaded employees to connect an attacker-controlled application to their company’s Salesforce environment. Once integrated, the app provided unauthorized access to stored customer data.
Security researchers described the tactic as simple but highly effective, since it relies on human trust rather than exploiting software vulnerabilities. Several organizations unknowingly granted the attackers access, enabling them to exfiltrate vast amounts of data.
Earlier this month, the extortionists created a leak site listing approximately 40 affected Salesforce customers, including large global firms. The site claimed that 989.45 million records had been compromised and demanded that Salesforce begin ransom negotiations “or all your customers’ data will be leaked.” The attackers added that if Salesforce agreed to pay, other victim companies would not be required to do so individually.
Salesforce, however, made its position clear. In a statement to media outlets, a company spokesperson said, “Salesforce will not engage, negotiate with, or pay any extortion demand.” The company also informed customers via email that it had received credible intelligence about plans by ShinyHunters to release the stolen data publicly, but it would still not yield to any ransom demand.
Broader Concerns Over Ransomware Economics
The incident adds to a growing global debate over ransom payments. Analysts say extortion and ransomware attacks persist largely because organizations continue to pay. According to Deepstrike Security, global ransom payments in 2024 reached $813 million, a decline from $1.1 billion in 2023 but still a major incentive for criminal groups.
Experts such as independent security researcher Kevin Beaumont have repeatedly criticized the practice of paying ransoms, arguing that it directly funds organized crime and perpetuates the cycle of attacks. Beaumont noted that while law enforcement agencies like the UK’s National Crime Agency (NCA) publicly discourage payments, some companies still proceed with negotiations, sometimes even with NCA representatives present.
Risks and Lessons for Organizations
Data stolen from cloud-based platforms like Salesforce may include customer identifiers, contact details, transaction histories, and other business records. Even without financial information, such data can be weaponized in phishing, identity theft, or fraud campaigns.
Security professionals advise all organizations using cloud platforms to implement multi-factor authentication, enforce least-privilege access controls, and review all third-party applications connected to their systems. Employees should be trained to verify unexpected support calls or administrative requests through official channels before granting access.
The Salesforce case underscores the growing sophistication of social engineering attacks targeting major enterprise platforms. As digital ecosystems expand, cybercriminals are increasingly exploiting human error rather than software flaws. Salesforce’s refusal to pay marks a firm stance in an era when ransom-driven extortion continues to dominate the threat landscape, sending a strong message to both the cybersecurity community and the attackers themselves.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has issued a pressing security alert regarding two cybercriminal groups that are breaking into corporate Salesforce systems to steal information and demand ransoms. The groups, tracked as UNC6040 and UNC6395, have been carrying out separate but related operations, each using different methods to compromise accounts.
In its official advisory, the FBI explained that attackers are exploiting weaknesses in how companies connect third-party tools to Salesforce. To help organizations defend themselves, the agency released a list of warning signs, including suspicious internet addresses, user activity patterns, and malicious websites linked to the breaches.
How the Attacks took place
The first campaign, attributed to UNC6040, came to light in mid-2024. According to threat intelligence researchers, the attackers relied on social engineering, particularly through fraudulent phone calls to employees. In these calls, criminals pretended to be IT support staff and convinced workers to link fake Salesforce apps to company accounts. One such application was disguised under the name “My Ticket Portal.” Once connected, the attackers gained access to sensitive databases and downloaded large amounts of customer-related records, especially tables containing account and contact details. The stolen data was later used in extortion schemes by criminal groups.
A newer wave of incidents, tied to UNC6395, was detected a few months later. This group relied on stolen digital tokens from tools such as Salesloft Drift, which normally allow companies to integrate external platforms with Salesforce. With these tokens, the hackers were able to enter Salesforce systems and search through customer support case files. These cases often contained confidential information, including cloud service credentials, passwords, and access keys. Possessing such details gave the attackers the ability to break into additional company systems and steal more data.
Investigations revealed that the compromise of these tokens originated months earlier, when attackers infiltrated the software provider’s code repositories. From there, they stole authentication tokens and expanded their reach, showing how one breach in the supply chain can spread to many organizations.
The Scale of this Campaign
The campaigns have had far-reaching consequences, affecting a wide range of businesses across different industries. In response, the software vendors involved worked with Salesforce to disable the stolen tokens and forced customers to reauthenticate. Despite these steps, the stolen data and credentials may still pose long-term risks if reused elsewhere.
According to industry reports, the campaigns are believed to have impacted a number of well-known organizations across sectors, including technology firms such as Cloudflare, Zscaler, Tenable, and Palo Alto Networks, as well as companies in finance, retail, and enterprise software. Although the FBI has not officially attributed the intrusions, external researchers have linked the activity to criminal collectives with ties to groups known as ShinyHunters, Lapsus$, and Scattered Spider.
FBI Recommendations
The FBI is urging organizations to take immediate action by reviewing connected third-party applications, monitoring login activity, and rotating any keys or tokens that may have been exposed. Security teams are encouraged to rely on the technical indicators shared in the advisory to detect and block malicious activity.
Although the identity of the hackers remains uncertain, the scale of the attacks highlights how valuable cloud-based platforms like Salesforce have become for criminals. The FBI has not confirmed the groups’ claims about further breaches and has declined to comment on ongoing investigations.
For businesses, the message is clear: protecting cloud environments requires not only technical defenses but also vigilance against social engineering tactics that exploit human trust.
Google has admitted that some of its customer data was stolen after hackers managed to break into one of its Salesforce databases.
The company revealed the incident in a blog post on Tuesday, explaining that the affected database stored contact details and notes about small and medium-sized business clients. The hackers, a group known online as ShinyHunters and officially tracked as UNC6040, were able to access the system briefly before Google’s security team shut them out.
Google stressed that the stolen information was limited to “basic and mostly public” details, such as business names, phone numbers, and email addresses. It did not share how many customers were affected, and a company spokesperson declined to answer further questions, including whether any ransom demand had been made.
ShinyHunters is notorious for breaking into large organizations’ cloud systems. In this case, Google says the group used voice phishing, calling employees and tricking them into granting system access — to target its Salesforce environment. Similar breaches have recently hit other companies using Salesforce, including Cisco, Qantas, and Pandora.
While Google believes the breach’s immediate impact will be minimal, cybersecurity experts warn there may be longer-term risks. Ben McCarthy, a lead security engineer at Immersive, pointed out that even simple personal details, once in criminal hands, can be exploited for scams and phishing attacks. Unlike passwords, names, dates of birth, and email addresses cannot be changed.
Google says it detected and stopped the intrusion before all data could be removed. In fact, the hackers only managed to take a small portion of the targeted database. Earlier this year, without naming itself as the victim, Google had warned of a similar case where a threat actor retrieved only about 10% of data before being cut off.
Reports suggest the attackers may now be preparing to publish the stolen information on a data leak site, a tactic often used to pressure companies into paying ransoms. ShinyHunters has been linked to other criminal networks, including The Com, a group known for hacking, extortion, and sometimes even violent threats.
Adding to the uncertainty, the hackers themselves have hinted they might leak the data outright instead of trying to negotiate with Google. If that happens, affected business contacts could face targeted phishing campaigns or other cyber threats.
For now, Google maintains that its investigation is ongoing and says it is working to ensure no further data is at risk. Customers are advised to stay alert for suspicious calls, emails, or messages claiming to be from Google or related business partners.
A group of hackers has been carrying out attacks against businesses by misusing a tool that looks like it belongs to Salesforce, according to information shared by Google’s threat researchers. These attacks have been going on for several months and have mainly focused on stealing private company information and later pressuring the victims for money.
How the Attack Happens
The hackers have been contacting employees by phone while pretending to work for their company’s technical support team. Through these phone calls, the attackers convince employees to share important login details.
After collecting this information, the hackers guide the employees to a specific page used to set up apps connected to Salesforce. Once there, the attackers use an illegal, altered version of a Salesforce data tool to quietly break into the company’s system and take sensitive data.
In many situations, the hackers don’t just stop at Salesforce. They continue to explore other parts of the company’s cloud accounts and sometimes reach deeper into the company’s private networks.
Salesforce’s Advice to Users
Earlier this year, Salesforce warned people about these kinds of scams. The company has made it clear that there is no known fault or security hole in the Salesforce platform itself. The problem is that the attackers are successfully tricking people by pretending to be trusted contacts.
Salesforce has recommended that users improve their account protection by turning on extra security steps like multi-factor authentication, carefully controlling who has permission to access sensitive areas, and limiting which locations can log into the system.
Unclear Why Salesforce is the Target
It is still unknown why the attackers are focusing on Salesforce tools or how they became skilled in using them. Google’s research team has not seen other hacker groups using this specific method so far.
Interestingly, the attackers do not all seem to have the same level of experience. Some are very skilled at using the fake Salesforce tool, while others seem less prepared. Experts believe that these skills likely come from past activities or learning from earlier attacks.
Hackers Delay Their Demands
In many cases, the hackers wait for several months after breaking into a company before asking for money. Some attackers claim they are working with outside groups, but researchers are still studying these possible connections.
A Rising Social Engineering Threat
This type of phone-based trick is becoming more common as hackers rely on social engineering — which means they focus on manipulating people rather than directly breaking into systems. Google’s researchers noted that while there are some similarities between these hackers and known criminal groups, this particular group appears to be separate.
ServiceNow, a popular enterprise cloud platform, was found to have a serious data exposure vulnerability. Concerns concerning the security of sensitive data in cloud-based systems have been highlighted by this occurrence, which has shocked the cybersecurity community.
According to reports from cybersecurity experts and firms, the vulnerability in ServiceNow's infrastructure could potentially lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data. The flaw, if exploited, could allow malicious actors to gain access to confidential information stored within the platform, posing a significant risk to organizations relying on ServiceNow for their day-to-day operations.
Enumerated, a cybersecurity firm, was among the first to identify and report the flaw. They disclosed that the issue stemmed from a misconfiguration in ServiceNow's security settings, leaving a gap that could be exploited by cybercriminals. This revelation has prompted immediate action from ServiceNow, as they work tirelessly to rectify the situation and implement robust security measures.
Salesforce, a leading cloud-based customer relationship management platform, was also mentioned in connection with the data exposure issue. While the exact nature of the link between Salesforce and ServiceNow remains unclear, experts speculate that this incident might highlight a broader concern regarding the security of cloud-based platforms and the need for enhanced vigilance in safeguarding sensitive data.
The cybersecurity community, along with industry experts, has been vocal about the importance of regular security audits and assessments for cloud-based platforms. This incident serves as a stark reminder of the potential risks associated with relying on third-party providers for critical business functions.
As the investigation into this data exposure flaw continues, organizations using ServiceNow are advised to review their security protocols and take immediate steps to mitigate potential risks. This includes ensuring that access controls and permissions are configured correctly and conducting thorough vulnerability assessments to identify and address any potential security gaps.
The ServiceNow data exposure vulnerability highlights how important it is for cloud-based platforms to have strong cybersecurity safeguards. It acts as a wake-up call for businesses, encouraging them to give security first priority and take preventative measures to protect sensitive data in an increasingly linked digital world.
With the help of Salesforce Sites, businesses can build specialized communities where partners and clients could work collaboratively.
But when these communities are no longer required, they are frequently preserved rather than shut down. These sites aren't examined for vulnerabilities since they aren't maintained, and the administrators don't update the security measures in accordance with contemporary guidelines.
Apparently, Varonis Threat Labs on its recent findings discovered that since these ghost sites were not properly deactivated, they were easily accessible to attackers who were using them to put illicit data, exploiting the sites.
They added that the exposed data did not only consist of the old data of the sites, but also fresh records that were disclosed to guest user, who shared configuration in the Salesforce environment.
According to Varonis Threat Labs, Salesforce ghost sites are created when a company, instead of using unappealing internet URLs uses a custom domain name. This is done so that the organization’s partners could browse the sites. . “This is accomplished by configuring the DNS record so that ‘partners.acme.org’ [for example] points to the lovely, curated Salesforce Community Site at “partners.acme.org. 00d400.live.siteforce.com[…]With the DNS record changed, partners visiting “partners.acme.org” will be able to browse Acme’s Salesforce site. The trouble begins when Acme decides to choose a new Community Site vendor,” the researchers said.
Companies might switch out a Salesforce Experience Site for an alternative, just like they would with any other technology. Varonis Threat Labs stated, "Acme subsequently updates the DNS record of 'partners.acme.org' to link toward a new site that might function in their AWS environment." The Salesforce Site is no longer present from the users' perspective, and a new Community page is now accessible. The new page may not be functioning in the environment or connected to Salesforce in any way, and no blatant integrations are visible.
However, the study found that a lot of businesses only modify DNS entries. “They do not remove the custom domain in Salesforce, nor do they deactivate the site. Instead, the site continues to exist, pulling data and becoming a ghost site,” a researcher said.
Attackers exploit these sites simply by changing the host header. They mislead Salesforce into believing that the site was accessed as https://partners.acme.org/ making the sites accessible to the attackers.
Although these sites can also be accessed through their whole internal URLs, an intruder would find it difficult to recognize these URLs. However, locating ghost sites is significantly simpler when utilizing tools that index and archive DNS information, like SecurityTrails and comparable technologies.
Varonis Threat Labs advised that the sites that are no longer in use should be properly deactivated. They also recommended to track all Salesforce sites and their respective users’ permissions, involving both community and guest users. Moreover, the researchers created a guide on ‘protecting your active Salesforce Communities against recon and data theft.’