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Svenska Kraftnät
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Threats Cybersecurity Data Breach Everest Ransomware Network Protection Power Grid Security Ransomware attack Svenska Kraftnät

Sweden Confirms Power Grid Breach Amid Growing Ransomware Concerns

 


Swedish power grid operator, Suderland, has confirmed it is investigating a security incident related to a potential ransomware attack aimed at decrypting sensitive data as part of its ongoing cybersecurity investigation, a revelation that has stirred alarm across Europe's critical infrastructure community.

It has been revealed by Svenska kraftnät, the state-owned company in charge of ensuring the nation's electricity transmission networks, that a criminal group has threatened to release what it claims to be hundreds of gigabytes of internal data allegedly stolen from the organization's computer system in order to sell it to the public. It appears, based on initial findings, that the breach occurred solely through a limited external file transfer platform, and officials stressed that the electricity supply and core grid of Sweden have not been affected.

In spite of this, the revelation has raised alarm about the threat to critical energy infrastructure from cyber extortion, which has increased as authorities continue to figure out exactly how extensive and damaging the cyber extortion attack has been. A breach which took place on October 26, 2025, reverberated throughout the cybersecurity landscape across Europe, highlighting the fragility of digital defences protecting critical infrastructure for the first time. 

In response to claims made by the notorious Everest ransomware group, Sweden's government-owned electricity transmission company, which plays a crucial role in the stability of the country's power grid, confirmed a data compromise had been confirmed by Svenska kraftnät. In spite of the fact that the full scope of the intrusion is still being investigated, early indications suggest that the attackers may have obtained or exfiltrated sensitive internal data as part of the intrusion. 

It has been reported that the Everest group, notorious for coordinated extortion campaigns and sophisticated methods of network infiltration, has publicly accepted responsibility, increasing scrutiny of both national and international cybersecurity authorities. Such attacks on critical national infrastructure (CNI), according to experts, have far-reaching consequences, threatening both operational continuity as well as economic stability and public confidence, among others. 

It has rekindled the need to strengthen cyber resilience frameworks, to collaborate on threat intelligence, and to increase vigilance across essential service providers to prevent similar disruptions in the future. Despite the intrusion, officials have assured that the nation's power transmission and supply operations remain fully operational, with no signs that mission-critical infrastructure will be affected by the intrusion. 

The extent to which the organisation has been compromised is still being investigated while securing affected systems and assessing the nature of the leaked information. In spite of the fact that it is still uncertain to what extent the breach has affected the organisation, early reports suggest that around 280 gigabytes of internal data may have been stolen. An established cybercrime group known as Everest has claimed responsibility for the recent attack on Svenska Kraftnät, and they have listed Svenska Kraftnät among their victims on a Tor-based data leak website, which was launched in late 2020. 

A notorious group for extortion and cyberattacks, the group has been previously linked to high-profile incidents such as Collins Aerospace's cyberattack, which disrupted operations at several European airports as a result. Despite the increasing boldness of ransomware actors to attack key entities of national infrastructure, the latest claim against Sweden's key power operator is a clear indication of what is happening. 

In the process of investigating the incident, Svenska kraftnät continues to maintain close coordination with law enforcement and cybersecurity agencies to identify the perpetrators and mitigate further risks. Despite the fact that this incident has been isolated, it is nonetheless an indication of the escalating cyber threat landscape affecting critical infrastructure providers, where even isolated system failures can pose significant risks to national stability and public confidence. 

Svenska kraftnät has confirmed to the media that Cem Göcgoren, Head of Information Security at Svenska kraftnät, is leading a comprehensive forensic investigation to determine the nature and extent of the data compromised during the cyberattack, as well as to assess the level of damage that has been caused. It has been determined that the breach of security did not affect Sweden's transmission or distribution systems, with officials reassuring that the country's electricity systems should continue to operate uninterrupted during the investigation. 

The aforementioned distinction highlights that the attackers probably targeted administrative or corporate data, not the systems responsible for managing real-time power flo,whichat are responsible for preventing potential disruptions from occurring, which is a critical factor in preventing potentially severe damagSvenska kraftnät must informrms the national law enforcement authorities of the intrusion immediately after it discovers the intrusion and coordinates with the appropriate government agencies to safeguard the infrastructure and cybersecurity of the network. 

As a result of the swift escalation, power grid operators are becoming increasingly regarded as prime targets by ransomware groups, given the strategic and economic leverage they hold. There is a known ransomware gang, Everest, that has claimed responsibility for the attack. This group is notorious for its "double extortion" tactics, in which they encrypt the data of victims while simultaneously threatening to publish the stolen files in the absence of the ransom payment. 

According to cybersecurity experts, this incident has served to underscore the importance of vigilant security governance within critical infrastructure sectors. In terms of countermeasures, it is recommended that robust incident response protocols be activated, as well as users be isolated from compromised systems, and detailed forensic assessments be conducted in order to identify vulnerabilities exploited during the breach. 

The strengthening of the defenders through multi-factor authentication, network segmentation, and the disciplined management of patches is of utmost importance at this time, especially as ransomware operators target flaws in enterprise software products such as VMware vCenter and Ivanti software with increasing frequency. Furthermore, keeping immutable offline backups, making employees aware of phishing and social engineering threats, and leveraging real-time threat intelligence can all help to strengthen resilience against similar attacks in the future. 

Thus, the Svenska kraftnät breach serves both as a warning and a lesson in the ongoing fight against the cyberattacks of modern societies, both in the sense that they serve as a warning and a lesson. In the energy sector, the incident serves as a defining reminder that cybersecurity is no longer only a technical issue, but is also a matter of national resilience. With ransomware actors becoming more sophisticated and audacious, power grid operators have to take a proactive approach and move from reactive defence to predictive intelligence - by adopting continuous monitoring and zero-trust architectures, as well as collaborating with multiple agencies to strengthen digital ecosystems. 

Aside from immediate containment efforts, it will be essential to invest in cybersecurity training, international alliances for information sharing, and next-generation defence technologies to prevent future cyber threats. While alarming, the Svenska kraftnät breach presents a unique opportunity for governments and industries alike to strengthen their digital trust and operational stability by using this breach.
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Telecom Security
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Threats Cybersecurity Breach Data Threats Cyber Espionage nation-state hackers Network Resilience Ribbon Communications Telecom Security

Ribbon Targeted in Cyber Espionage Campaign by Nation-State Actors


 

Among the many revelations which illustrate how sophisticated state-backed cyber intrusions are, Ribbon Communications has confirmed that its internal network was compromised by government-backed hackers who kept unauthorised access for almost a year before they were detected, a revelation that emphasises the growing sophistication of state-backed cyber intrusions. 

The company disclosed in its 10-Q filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that a suspected nation-state actor was suspected to have infiltrated their IT systems in December of 2024, but the threat was undetected until this year, according to Ribbon. 

Ribbon stated in its statement that it has since informed federal law enforcement agencies and believes that its environment has been cleared of the attackers. With its headquarters in Texas, Ribbon stands out in the global telecom ecosystem as one of the key players. 

Ribbon provides voice, networking, and internet infrastructure solutions to a diverse clientele, including Fortune 500 companies, government bodies, and critical infrastructure sectors such as the transportation and energy sectors. 

It is important to note that the company's acknowledgement of the long-lasting breach raises concerns about the resilience of the telecom infrastructure, as well as highlighting the persistence and stealthy nature of modern cyber-espionage campaigns targeting strategic and important organisations throughout the United States.

Ribbon Communications disclosed, in its October 23 filing with the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), that the breach had been discovered in early September 2025 when the company had been notified. This immediately prompted the company to activate its incident response plan in conjunction with a number of independent cybersecurity experts and federal law enforcement agencies. 

There is evidence in the company's filing that points to an initial compromise occurring as early as December 2024, when the initial compromise was first noticed by the company, regardless of the firm's internal review. Ultimately, the timeframe remains unclear. 

In its disclosure, Ribbon claims that it did not find evidence indicating that the attackers had gained access to or exfiltrated any material corporate data, although the company admits that a limited number of customer files stored outside its main network, specifically on two laptop computers, were accessed during the intrusion. 

The affected clients were notified after the incident. In an attempt to determine the full extent of the breach, the telecom firm stressed its ongoing forensic investigation will reveal as much as possible, emphasising its commitment to transparency and compliance amid what appears to be more than a typical cyber attack aimed at specific targets and carried out methodically. 

There has been no confirmation from Ribbon Communications' spokesperson, Catherine Berthier, as to which customers have been directly affected by the data breach; however, she declined to identify any of the affected companies because of client confidentiality and ongoing investigations. As a result of the unauthorised access to personally identifiable information (PII) and other sensitive corporate data, it is still unclear if that information was exfiltrated by the attackers. 

According to the company's SEC filing, a limited number of customer files that were stored outside the primary network - on two laptops - were accessed during the intrusion, and Ribbon stated that all impacted customers have been notified in accordance with the regulations and contractual obligations of the company.

In an official statement, Ribbon Communications has stated that it is actively collaborating with federal law enforcement agencies and leading cybersecurity specialists in order to determine the full extent of the breach and its implications. In the company's words, the current findings indicate that the attackers did not acquire any material corporate information or exfiltrate it, based on current findings. 

Despite this, Ribbon's investigation confirmed that the threat actors managed to access a limited number of customer files from two laptops tucked away outside Ribbon's primary network infrastructure, which had been affected. Ribbon notified these affected clients, and they have been informed subsequently. 

During its recent disclosure, Ribbon acknowledged that it would have to incur additional expenses during the fourth quarter of 2025 in order to carry out its ongoing investigation and to improve network resilience. However, Ribbon does not anticipate that these costs will materially affect its financial results. 

Reuters reports that three smaller customers were also impacted by the incident, although their names have not been made public. Ribbon has not yet disclosed the identity of the threat group that has targeted the company, but cybersecurity experts have concluded that there are strong parallels between this breach and a wave of telecom-focused espionage campaigns linked to Salt Typhoon, the Chinese hacking collective. 

There was a report last year that Chinese state-sponsored hackers had infiltrated several telecommunications networks, including AT&T, Verizon, Lumen, Consolidated Communications, Charter Communications and Windstream, as well as several international operators, by infiltrating the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). In a series of subsequent reports, it was revealed that Comcast, Digital Realty, and Viasat were also compromised as part of this same, coordinated campaign. 

It was determined that there was a broader and coordinated effort to infiltrate the global communications infrastructure. As the telecommunications sector has grown increasingly complex over the past decade, it has experienced an increasing number of alarming incidents and policy changes that have highlighted both the magnitude of the threat and the difficulties in mounting a unified response. 

Last year, U.S. A former US Army soldier, Cameron John Wagenius, admitted hacking into 15 telecom companies and stealing call records from prominent individuals, including former President Donald Trump, and later pleaded guilty to multiple charges after being arrested. This case illustrated how insider knowledge and access can be exploited in order to break into critical communication systems, which further reinforced the concern that the sector is vulnerable to both internal and external threats. 

Although the federal government has made great efforts to enhance cybersecurity protections across the industry, policy inconsistencies and bureaucratic obstacles have hindered progress. The Trump administration, in January, disbanded a body known as the Cyber Safety Review Board, which had been reviewing the Salt Typhoon espionage campaign as part of its oversight othe f the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA). 

It is important to note that the board had previously issued a critical assessment of Microsoft's security practices, describing the earlier China-linked breach in a manner that described the breach as a “cascade of security failures.” In recent years, this has become an increasingly important finding among the cybersecurity community. 

A previous order that mandated that telecom operators comply with cybersecurity requirements has been rescinded by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman Brendan Carr. By implementing the order under the Biden administration, it was clarified that under Section 105 of the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA), companies are legally responsible for securing their networks. 

Criticised the measure as regulatory overreach, asserting that it overstepped the agency's authority and failed to mitigate cyber threats effectively, asserting that it had exceeded the agency's. There has been a lot of controversy surrounding the FCC's decision to repeal the order next month, as well as a renewed discussion on the best way to balance regulatory authority, industry autonomy, and national security imperatives. 

Ribbon Communication's breach serves as an excellent reminder of the fragile state of global telecom cybersecurity as a whole, a complex area that is constantly challenging even the most established players when it comes to national security, corporate accountability, and technological complexity. 

There is a growing awareness that state-sponsored actors are refining their tactics and exploiting long-standing vulnerabilities in critical communications infrastructure, requiring governments and industry to move beyond reactive containment toward proactive defence. Taking steps to mitigate the scale and sophistication of such incursions can be achieved through facilitating cross-sector intelligence sharing, mandating transparency in cybersecurity audits, and investing in zero-trust architectures.

Achieving long-term resilience across the telecom ecosystem depends on the maintenance of regulatory consistency and policy continuity, regardless of political transitions. It is important for companies such as Ribbon trecoto gniseze that cybersecurity is not only a compliance requirement but a critical component of operational and national security that needs to be considered. 

As the U.S. faces an intensifying climate of digital espionage, it is believed that this breach will provide valuable lessons that the nation can use to protect its communications equipment from the next generation of silent, persistent cyber adversaries.
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Hacker attack
Breaches Critical Infrastructure critical infrastructure attack Cyber Attacks Cyberhackers data security F5 Security Hacker attack

Nation-State Hackers Breach F5 Networks, Exposing Thousands of Government and Corporate Systems to Imminent Threat

 

Thousands of networks operated by the U.S. government and Fortune 500 companies are facing an “imminent threat” of cyber intrusion after a major breach at Seattle-based software maker F5 Networks, the federal government warned on Wednesday. The company, known for its BIG-IP networking appliances, confirmed that a nation-state hacking group had infiltrated its systems in what it described as a “sophisticated, long-term intrusion.” 

According to F5, the attackers gained control of the network segment used to develop and distribute updates for its BIG-IP line—a critical infrastructure tool used by 48 of the world’s top 50 corporations. During their time inside F5’s systems, the hackers accessed proprietary source code, documentation of unpatched vulnerabilities, and customer configuration data. Such access provides attackers with an extraordinary understanding of the product’s architecture and weaknesses, raising serious concerns about potential supply-chain attacks targeting thousands of networks worldwide. 

Security analysts suggest that control of F5’s build environment could allow adversaries to manipulate software updates or exploit unpatched flaws within BIG-IP devices. These appliances often sit at the edge of networks, acting as load balancers, firewalls, and encryption gateways—meaning a compromise could provide a direct pathway into sensitive systems. The stolen configuration data also increases the likelihood that hackers could exploit credentials or internal settings for deeper infiltration. 

Despite the severity of the breach, F5 stated that investigations by multiple cybersecurity firms, including IOActive, NCC Group, Mandiant, and CrowdStrike, have not found evidence of tampering within its source code or build pipeline. The assessments further confirmed that no critical vulnerabilities were introduced and no customer or financial data was exfiltrated from F5’s internal systems. However, experts caution that the attackers’ deep access and stolen intelligence could still enable future targeted exploits. 

In response, F5 has issued updates for its BIG-IP, F5OS, BIG-IQ, and APM products and rotated its signing certificates to secure its software distribution process. The company has also provided a threat-hunting guide to assist customers in detecting potential compromise indicators. 

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has issued an emergency directive warning that the breach “poses an unacceptable risk” to federal networks. Agencies using F5 appliances have been ordered to inventory all affected devices, install the latest patches, and follow the company’s threat-hunting protocols. Similarly, the UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has released guidance urging organizations to update their systems immediately. 

While no supply-chain compromise has yet been confirmed, the breach of a vendor as deeply embedded in global enterprise networks as F5 underscores the growing risk of nation-state infiltration in critical infrastructure software. As investigations continue, security officials are urging both government and private organizations to take swift action to mitigate potential downstream threats.
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protecting sensitive data
China Critical Infrastructure cyber espionage Cyber Security Czech data security Data Transfer protecting sensitive data

Czechia Warns of Chinese Data Transfers and Espionage Risks to Critical Infrastructure

 

Czechia’s National Cyber and Information Security Agency (NÚKIB) has issued a stark warning about rising cyber espionage campaigns linked to China and Russia, urging both government institutions and private companies to strengthen their security measures. The agency classified the threat as highly likely, citing particular concerns over data transfers to China and remote administration of assets from Chinese territories, including Hong Kong and Macau. According to the watchdog, these operations are part of long-term efforts by foreign states to compromise critical infrastructure, steal sensitive data, and undermine public trust. 

The agency’s concerns are rooted in China’s legal and regulatory framework, which it argues makes private data inherently insecure. Laws such as the National Intelligence Law of 2017 require all citizens and organizations to assist intelligence services, while the 2015 National Security Law and the 2013 Company Law provide broad avenues for state interference in corporate operations. Additionally, regulations introduced in 2021 obligate technology firms to report software vulnerabilities to government authorities within two days while prohibiting disclosure to foreign organizations. NÚKIB noted that these measures give Chinese state actors sweeping access to sensitive information, making foreign businesses and governments vulnerable if their data passes through Chinese systems. 

Hong Kong and Macau also fall under scrutiny in the agency’s assessment. In Hong Kong, the 2024 Safeguarding National Security Ordinance integrates Chinese security laws into its own legal system, broadening the definition of state secrets. Macau’s 2019 Cybersecurity Law grants authorities powers to monitor data transmissions from critical infrastructure in real time, with little oversight to prevent misuse. NÚKIB argues that these developments extend the Chinese government’s reach well beyond its mainland jurisdiction. 

The Czech warning gains credibility from recent attribution efforts. Earlier this year, Prague linked cyberattacks on its Ministry of Foreign Affairs to APT31, a group tied to China’s Ministry of State Security, in a campaign active since 2022. The government condemned the attacks as deliberate attempts to disrupt its institutions and confirmed a high degree of certainty about Chinese involvement, based on cooperation among domestic and international intelligence agencies. 

These warnings align with broader global moves to limit reliance on Chinese technologies. Countries such as Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands have already imposed restrictions, while the Five Eyes alliance has issued similar advisories. For Czechia, the implications are serious: NÚKIB highlighted risks across devices and systems such as smartphones, cloud services, photovoltaic inverters, and health technology, stressing that disruptions could have wide-reaching consequences. The agency’s message reflects an ongoing effort to secure its digital ecosystem against foreign influence, particularly as geopolitical tensions deepen in Europe.
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User Privacy
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Security Healthcare Sector Patient Data User Privacy

Here's Why Cyber Security is Critical For Healthcare Sector

 

Healthcare organisations provide an essential service that, if disrupted by a cyber attack, could jeopardise patient safety, disrupt care delivery, and even result in death. In the case of a security incident, the implications could impact not only the victim organisation, but also their patients and national security. 

What makes medical device cybersecurity critical?

Unlike traditional computers, medical devices often lack adequate security protections, making them more vulnerable to hacking. These devices frequently rely on hard-coded and typically known passwords, and thus may not be easily patched or updated. 

Complicating matters further, the variety of manufacturers and distribution channels leads to a lack of conventional security controls like passwords, encryption, and device monitoring. The primary security risk is the possible exposure of both data and device control, resulting in a delicate balance between safety and security that necessitates stakeholder collaboration, particularly in implementation and maintenance methods. 

Given that older medical devices were not initially created with cyber security in mind and are difficult to secure properly, healthcare institutions must prioritise and invest in securing these devices. In order to minimise operational disruptions and protect patient safety and privacy, it is imperative to safeguard medical equipment, as the proliferation of newly linked devices exacerbates pre-existing vulnerabilities. 

Mitigation tips

Based on their experience working in healthcare the sector, researchers suggested  safety guidelines for healthcare organisations aiming to strengthen their cyber security:

  • Adopt a proactive strategy to cyber security, addressing people, processes, and technology. 
  • Define clear roles and responsibilities for network and information system security so that employees can take ownership of essential cybersecurity practices. 
  • Conduct regular cyber risk assessments to uncover flaws, evaluate potential threats, and prioritise remedial activities based on the risk to critical systems and patient data.
  • Conduct training programs to raise awareness and prepare for cyber threats. 
  • Establish well-defined policies and procedures as part of your security management system, together with conveniently available documentation to guide your security personnel. 
  • Use defence-in-depth technical controls to effectively guard, detect, respond to, and recover from incidents.
  • Backup and disaster recovery plans are used to ensure the availability and integrity of essential data in the case of a cyberattack, system failure, or data breach. 
  • Medical device security should be addressed explicitly throughout the product/system lifetime.

By implementing these best practices, healthcare companies can fortify their defences, mitigate cyber risks, and safeguard patient data and critical infrastructure from emerging cyber threats.
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edge computing
Cloud Computing CloudFlare Cloudflare outage Computing Critical Infrastructure Cyber Security Data Safety data security Disruption edge computing

Cloudflare Explains Major Service Outage: Not a Security Breach, No Data Lost

 

Cloudflare has clarified that a widespread outage affecting its global services was not the result of a cyberattack or data breach. The company confirmed that no customer data was compromised during the disruption, which significantly impacted numerous platforms, including major edge computing services and some Google Cloud infrastructure. 

The issue began at approximately 17:52 UTC and was primarily caused by a complete failure of Workers KV, Cloudflare’s globally distributed key-value storage system. As a backbone for its serverless computing platform, Workers KV plays a crucial role in supporting configuration, identity management, and content delivery across many of Cloudflare’s offerings. When it went offline, critical functions across the ecosystem were immediately affected. 

In a post-incident analysis, Cloudflare revealed that the root cause was a malfunction in the storage infrastructure that underpins Workers KV. This backend is partially hosted by a third-party cloud service, which experienced its own outage—directly leading to the failure of the KV system. The ripple effects were far-reaching, disrupting Cloudflare services for nearly two and a half hours. 

Key services impacted included authentication platforms like Access and Gateway, which saw major breakdowns in login systems, session handling, and policy enforcement. Cloudflare’s WARP service was unable to register new devices, while Gateway experienced failures in DNS-over-HTTPS queries. CAPTCHA and login tools such as Turnstile and Challenges also malfunctioned, with a temporary kill switch introducing token reuse risks.  
Media services like Stream and Images were hit particularly hard, with all live streaming and media uploads failing during the incident. Other offerings such as Workers AI, Pages, and the AutoRAG AI system were rendered entirely unavailable. Even backend systems like Durable Objects, D1 databases, and Queues registered elevated error rates or became completely unresponsive.  

Cloudflare’s response plan now includes a significant architectural shift. The company will begin migrating Workers KV from its current third-party dependency to its in-house R2 object storage solution. This move is designed to reduce reliance on external providers and improve the overall resilience of Cloudflare’s services. 

In addition, Cloudflare will implement a series of safeguards to mitigate cascading failures in future outages. This includes new cross-service protections and controlled service restoration tools that will help stabilize systems more gradually and prevent sudden traffic overloads. 

While the outage was severe, Cloudflare’s transparency and swift action to redesign its infrastructure aim to minimize similar disruptions in the future and reinforce trust in its platform.
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Ransomware
Critical Infrastructure data security malware Play PlayCrypt Playgroup Ransomware

FBI Alert: Play Ransomware Attacks 900 Organizations

FBI Alert: Play Ransomware Attacks 900 Victims

In a recent joint cybersecurity advisory released with its Australian partners, the FBI announced that the Play ransomware group has attacked over 900 organizations since May 2025. “As of May 2025, FBI was aware of approximately 900 affected entities allegedly exploited by the ransomware actors,” the FBI said. 

Triple growth in three years

The number has tripled; in 2023, the figure was 300. This highlights the group’s rapid growth of attacking capabilities and compromise of new flaws.

Since 2022, the Playgroup, aka Playcrypt, has launched attacks across Europe, North America, and South America. The victims are diverse, ranging from MNCs to public sector agencies to areas of critical infrastructure. 

The Play ransomware differs due to its strategic use of manual-coded malware for each compromise. The constant configuration of attacks and retooling increases the group’s efficiency by helping it avoid getting caught. 

In a few cases, the group has strengthened attack tactics by contacting victims directly and asking for ransom for not leaking their data. 

Members of the infamous cybercrime syndicate have also compromised various newly found flaws (CVE-2024-57726, CVE-2024-57727, and CVE-2024-57728) in remote monitoring and management software, deploying them as entry points for deeper penetration to compromise systems. In one incident, threat actors backdoored systems and used Sliver beacons, building the foundation for future ransomware attacks. 

Play follows a unique approach

Differing from other gangs, Play uses direct email communication instead of the Dark Web negotiation. 

Play extracts sensitive data and uses it for extortion, and also uses a proprietary tool to escape shadow copy protections in data thefts. Some high-profile targets include the City of Oakland, Dallas County, and Krispy Kreme. 

How to stay safe?

A sound understanding of ransomware groups and good cyber hygiene is a must to prevent ransomware attacks, specialized tools, however, can boost your defenses. 

The joint advisory recommends security teams to keep their systems updates to prevent exploit of unpatched vulnerabilities. They are also advised to use two-factor authentication (2FA) throughout all services. Organizations should keep offline data backups and make and test a recovery drill as part of their security practices. 


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GitHub Advanced Security
AWS Cloud Security Critical Infrastructure Customer Data Cyberattack Data Breach Data Safety User Data data security GitHub GitHub Advanced Security

Massive Cyberattack Disrupts KiranaPro’s Operations, Erases Servers and User Data


KiranaPro, a voice-powered quick commerce startup connected with India’s Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC), has been hit by a devastating cyberattack that completely crippled its backend infrastructure. The breach, which occurred over the span of May 24–25, led to the deletion of key servers and customer data, effectively halting all order processing on the platform. Despite the app still being live, it is currently non-functional, unable to serve users or fulfill orders. 


Company CEO Deepak Ravindran confirmed the attack, revealing that both their Amazon Web Services (AWS) and GitHub systems had been compromised. As a result, all cloud-based virtual machines were erased, along with personally identifiable information such as customer names, payment details, and delivery addresses. The breach was only discovered on May 26, when the team found themselves locked out of AWS’s root account. Chief Technology Officer Saurav Kumar explained that while they retained access through IAM (Identity and Access Management), the primary cloud environment had already been dismantled. 

Investigations suggest that the initial access may have been gained through an account associated with a former team member, although the company has yet to confirm the source of the breach. To complicate matters, the team’s multi-factor authentication (MFA), powered by Google Authenticator, failed during recovery attempts—raising questions about whether the attackers had also tampered with MFA settings. 

Founded in late 2024, KiranaPro operates across 50 Indian cities and allows customers to order groceries from local kirana shops using voice commands in multiple languages including Hindi, Tamil, Malayalam, and English. Before the cyberattack, the platform served approximately 2,000 orders daily from a user base of over 55,000 and was preparing for a major rollout to double its footprint across 100 cities. 

Following the breach, KiranaPro has contacted GitHub for assistance in identifying IP addresses linked to the intrusion and has initiated legal action against ex-employees accused of withholding account credentials. However, no final evidence has been released to the public about the precise origin or nature of the attack. 

The startup, backed by notable investors such as Blume Ventures, Snow Leopard Ventures, and TurboStart, had recently made headlines for acquiring AR startup Likeo in a $1 million stock-based deal. High-profile individual investors include Olympic medalist P.V. Sindhu and Boston Consulting Group’s Vikas Taneja. 

Speaking recently to The Indian Dream Magazine, Ravindran had laid out ambitious plans to turn India’s millions of kirana stores into a tech-enabled delivery network powered by voice AI and ONDC. International expansion, starting with Dubai, was also on the horizon—plans now put on hold due to this security incident. 

This breach underscores how even tech-forward startups are vulnerable when cybersecurity governance doesn’t keep pace with scale. As KiranaPro works to recover, the incident serves as a wake-up call for cloud-native businesses managing sensitive data.
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Public Sector
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks Cyber Warfare DDoS Hacker attack Hackers Indian Cyber Security Malware Attack Military Data Public Sector

India Faces Cyber Onslaught After Operation Sindoor Military Strikes

 

In the aftermath of India’s military action under Operation Sindoor, Pakistan responded not only with conventional threats but also with a wave of coordinated cyberattacks. While India’s defense systems effectively intercepted aerial threats like drones and missiles, a simultaneous digital assault unfolded, targeting the nation’s critical infrastructure and strategic systems. 

Reports from The Times of India indicate that the cyberattacks were focused on key defense public sector units (PSUs), their supporting MSMEs, and essential infrastructure including airports, ports, the Indian Railways, power grids, and major telecom providers such as BSNL. Additionally, digital financial platforms—ranging from UPI services to stock exchanges and mobile wallets—were also in the crosshairs. 

Sources suggest these cyber intrusions aimed to steal classified military data, disrupt daily life, and damage India’s global standing. Allegedly, the attackers sought intelligence on missile defense systems and military readiness. In retaliation, India reportedly struck back at Pakistani military infrastructure, although the cyber battlefield remains active. 

Cybersecurity expert and Interpol trainer Pendyala Krishna Shastry confirmed the attacks involved a range of methods: malware deployment, denial-of-service (DoS) strikes, phishing schemes, and website defacements. These tactics targeted multiple sectors, including finance, telecom, and public services, aiming to breach systems and sow confusion. 

Website tracking portal Zone-H recorded several government domain breaches. Notable targets included the websites of the National Institute of Water Sports (niws.nic.in) and nationaltrust.nic.in, both of which were defaced before being restored. The Central Coalfields Ltd (CCL) website also experienced a breach, displaying a message from a group calling itself “Mr Habib 404 – Pakistani Cyber Force,” declaring, “You thought you were safe, but we are here.” 

Although CCL’s Public Relations Officer Alok Gupta dismissed the breach as a technical issue with no data loss, cybersecurity experts warn that downplaying such incidents could weaken national digital defense. 

This escalation underscores how cyber warfare is now being integrated into broader military strategies. Experts argue that India must urgently strengthen its cyber defenses to address the growing threat. Priorities include deploying AI-based threat detection, reinforcing CERT-In and sector-specific Security Operation Centres (SOCs), enforcing strong cybersecurity practices across public systems, and expanding collaboration on global cyber intelligence. 

As state-sponsored attacks become more sophisticated and frequent, India’s ability to defend its digital frontier will be just as crucial as its military strength.
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Threat Landscape
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks Iran Nation-State Attack Threat Landscape

Iran Claims it Thwarted Sophisticated Cyberattack on its Infrastructure

 

Iran thwarted a “widespread and complex” cyberattack on Sunday that targeted the nation’s infrastructure, a senior official told Tasnim News Agency, which is affiliated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. 

Behzad Akbari, the head of the government's Telecommunications Infrastructure Company (TIC), revealed the occurrence, which was not explained in detail. "One of the most widespread and complex cyber attacks against the country's infrastructure was identified and preventive measures were taken," Akbari noted. 

The cyber incident occurred a day after a huge explosion at Shahid Rajaei, the country's busiest commercial port, which killed at least 28 people and injured 800 more, according to police. The cause has not been determined. There is no indication that it was related to any cyber activity. 

Ambrey Intelligence, a maritime risk consultant, claims the explosion was caused by "improper handling of a shipment of solid fuel intended for use in Iranian ballistic missiles" imported from China, while Iran's defence ministry denies this. 

It comes amid ongoing talks between Iran and the United States over the Islamic Republic's contentious nuclear program, amid concerns that the nation will aim to enrich uranium to the point where it could build a nuclear bomb. Iran has had many noteworthy cyberattacks in recent years, including those against the country's fuel system in 2021 and a steel mill in June 2022, both claimed by a group calling itself Predatory Sparrow, which stated that its attacks were "carried out carefully to protect innocent individuals.” 

While the Predatory Sparrow group claims to be made up of dissidents, the attack on the steel mill appeared to be carried out with sophisticated operational planning to avoid casualties, raising the possibility that it was sponsored by a foreign state agency with a risk management process. Iranian officials blamed the United States and Israel for the 2021 cyberattack on Iran's gasoline systems, but provided no evidence. 

At the time, Gholamreza Jalali, the country's civil defence chief, told state television: "We are still unable to say forensically, but analytically, I believe it was carried out by the Zionist Regime, the Americans, and their agents.” 

Jalili claimed that the United States and Israel were responsible for a cyberattack on the Shahid Rajaei port authority's technological infrastructure in 2020, but he did not provide any evidence. The United States and Israel are thought to have worked on the Stuxnet worm, which was discovered in 2010 and was aimed to destroy Iran's nuclear program.
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Ransomwares
Backdoor Backdoor Attacks Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks Healthcare Malware Attack RansomHub Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Symantec Links Betruger Backdoor Malware to RansomHub Ransomware Attacks

 

A sophisticated custom backdoor malware called Betruger has been discovered in recent ransomware campaigns, with Symantec researchers linking its use to affiliates of the RansomHub ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) group. The new malware is considered a rare and powerful tool designed to streamline ransomware deployment by minimizing the use of multiple hacking tools during attacks. 

Identified by Symantec’s Threat Hunter Team, Betruger is described as a “multi-function backdoor” built specifically to aid ransomware operations. Its functions go far beyond traditional malware. It is capable of keylogging, network scanning, privilege escalation, credential theft, taking screenshots, and uploading data to a command-and-control (C2) server—all typical actions carried out before a ransomware payload is executed. Symantec notes that while ransomware actors often rely on open-source or legitimate software like Mimikatz or Cobalt Strike to navigate compromised systems, Betruger marks a departure from this norm. 

The tool’s development suggests an effort to reduce detection risks by limiting the number of separate malicious components introduced during an attack. “The use of custom malware other than encrypting payloads is relatively unusual in ransomware attacks,” Symantec stated. “Betruger may have been developed to reduce the number of tools dropped on a network during the pre-encryption phase.” Threat actors are disguising the malware under file names like ‘mailer.exe’ and ‘turbomailer.exe’ to pose as legitimate mailing applications and evade suspicion. While custom malware isn’t new in ransomware operations, most existing tools focus on data exfiltration. 

Notable examples include BlackMatter’s Exmatter and BlackByte’s Exbyte, both created to steal data and upload it to cloud platforms like Mega.co.nz. However, Betruger represents a more all-in-one solution tailored for streamlined attack execution. The RansomHub RaaS operation, previously known as Cyclops and Knight, surfaced in early 2024 and has quickly become a major threat actor in the cybercrime world. Unlike traditional ransomware gangs, RansomHub has focused more on data theft and extortion rather than just data encryption. Since its emergence, RansomHub has claimed several high-profile victims including Halliburton, Christie’s auction house, Frontier Communications, Rite Aid, Kawasaki’s EU division, Planned Parenthood, and Bologna Football Club. 

The group also leaked Change Healthcare’s stolen data after the BlackCat/ALPHV ransomware group’s infamous $22 million exit scam. More recently, the gang claimed responsibility for breaching BayMark Health Services, North America’s largest addiction treatment provider. BayMark serves over 75,000 patients daily across more than 400 locations in the US and Canada. According to the FBI, as of August 2024, RansomHub affiliates have compromised over 200 organizations, many of which are part of critical infrastructure sectors such as government, healthcare, and energy. 

As ransomware groups evolve and adopt more custom-built malware like Betruger, cybersecurity experts warn that defenses must adapt to meet increasingly sophisticated threats.
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Security Service of Ukraine(SBU)
Critical Infrastructure critical infrastructure cybersecurity Cyber Attacks Cybersecurity E-ticketing Online Services Russia-Ukraine War SBU Security Service of Ukraine(SBU)

Ukrzaliznytsia Cyberattack Disrupts Online Ticket Sales but Train Services Remain Unaffected

 

Ukraine’s national railway operator, Ukrzaliznytsia, has fallen victim to a large-scale cyberattack, severely disrupting its online ticket sales and forcing passengers to rely on physical ticket booths. The attack, which began on March 23, has caused significant delays, long queues, and overcrowding at train stations as people struggle to secure their travel arrangements. Despite the disruption to digital services, train schedules have remained unaffected, ensuring that rail transportation across the country continues without major interruptions.

In response to the attack, Ukrzaliznytsia has taken steps to mitigate the inconvenience by deploying additional staff at ticket offices to accommodate the surge in demand. However, the company acknowledged that waiting times remain long and urged passengers not to overcrowd sales points unnecessarily. To ensure that military personnel are not affected by the disruption, they have been granted the option to purchase tickets directly from train conductors. Meanwhile, civilians who had bought their tickets online before the cyberattack are advised to use the PDF copies sent to their email or arrive at the station early to seek assistance from railway officials. 

Ukrzaliznytsia confirmed the cyberattack in an official statement across multiple communication platforms, apologizing for the inconvenience caused to passengers. The company emphasized that, despite the challenges, train operations were running smoothly and schedules had not been impacted. Officials noted that prior experience with cyberattacks had helped strengthen the railway’s response mechanisms, allowing it to implement backup protocols that ensured continuity of service. 

However, online ticket sales remain unavailable as efforts continue to restore affected systems. Describing the attack as highly systematic and multi-layered, Ukrzaliznytsia stated that it was working closely with cybersecurity specialists from Ukraine’s Security Service (SBU) and the Government Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-UA) to identify vulnerabilities and strengthen its defenses. While the company did not specify the origin of the attack, cyber threats targeting Ukrainian infrastructure have been a persistent issue since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion. Both state agencies and private companies have faced frequent cyber incidents, highlighting the growing challenges in securing critical infrastructure. 

Despite the cyberattack, Ukrzaliznytsia remains committed to maintaining uninterrupted rail service. The company reassured passengers that its backup systems were in place to handle such incidents, ensuring that transportation across Ukraine and beyond continues without disruption. However, no specific timeline has been given for when online ticketing services will be fully restored, leaving passengers to rely on in-person ticket purchases for the foreseeable future.
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Ransomwares
Backdoor Backdoor Attacks Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks RansomHub ransomware ransomware attacks Ransomwares

Betruger Backdoor Linked to RansomHub Ransomware Attacks on Critical Infrastructure

 

A newly discovered backdoor malware, dubbed Betruger, has been identified in multiple recent ransomware attacks. Researchers at Symantec believe at least one affiliate of the RansomHub ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation is using this sophisticated tool to facilitate cyber intrusions. 

Unlike many conventional malware strains, Betruger functions as a multi-purpose backdoor designed to prepare networks for ransomware deployment while minimizing the need for additional malicious software. Betruger comes equipped with several advanced features commonly associated with pre-ransomware attack stages. These include keylogging, network scanning, privilege escalation, credential theft, screenshot capture, and the ability to upload files to a command-and-control (C2) server. 

Its design suggests that attackers are looking to streamline their intrusion process, reducing reliance on multiple external tools and instead using a single, custom-built malware to execute various attack functions. This approach is relatively rare, as ransomware operators typically rely on widely available tools such as Mimikatz and Cobalt Strike to conduct their attacks. To avoid detection, cybercriminals are disguising Betruger under the filenames ‘mailer.exe’ and ‘turbomailer.exe,’ making it appear like a legitimate email-related application. 

While other ransomware groups have developed proprietary tools for data exfiltration, such as BlackMatter’s Exmatter and BlackByte’s Exbyte, Betruger appears to have a broader range of capabilities beyond just stealing data. The emergence of Betruger coincides with ongoing attacks by RansomHub, a ransomware operation that has been active since February 2024. Previously known as Cyclops and Knight, RansomHub has gained a reputation for focusing on extortion through data theft rather than encrypting victim files. 

Over the past year, the group has targeted several major organizations, including Halliburton, Christie’s, Frontier Communications, Rite Aid, and Kawasaki’s EU division. It was also responsible for leaking Change Healthcare’s stolen data after the BlackCat/ALPHV group’s $22 million exit scam. More recently, RansomHub claimed responsibility for breaching BayMark Health Services, a leading addiction treatment provider in North America. 

The company operates over 400 treatment centers across the U.S. and Canada, serving approximately 75,000 patients daily. The FBI has linked RansomHub affiliates to more than 200 ransomware attacks affecting various critical infrastructure sectors in the U.S., including government agencies, healthcare institutions, and other essential services. With the deployment of Betruger, the group’s operations appear to be evolving, indicating a continued threat to businesses and organizations worldwide.
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social media platforms
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Security Data server Decentralised Platform Decentralization Digital Ocean Personal Data social media platforms

Bluesky’s Growth Spurs Scaling Challenges Amid Decentralization Goals

 

The new social media platform, Bluesky, received a huge number of new users over the past few weeks. This mass influx represents an alternative social networking experience, which is in demand. However, it also introduced notable technical challenges to the growth of the platforms, testing the current infrastructure and the vision for decentralization. Bluesky recently hit the servers hard, making most parts of the platform slow or unavailable. Users were affected by slow notifications, delayed updates in the timeline, and "Invalid Handle" errors. The platform was put into read-only mode as its stabilization was left to the technical team to take care of. This was worse when connectivity went down because of a severed fiber cable from one of the main bandwidth providers. 

Although it restored connectivity after an hour, the platform continued to experience increased traffic and record-breaking signups. Over 1.2 million new users had registered within the first day-an indication that the program held a great deal of promise and needed better infrastructure. Issues at Bluesky are reflected from the early times of Twitter, when server overloads were categorized by the "fabled Fail Whale." In a playful nod to history, users on Bluesky revived the Fail Whale images, taking the humor out of frustration. These instances of levity, again, prove the resilience of the community but indicate and highlight the urgency needed for adequate technical solutions. D ecentralized design is at the heart of Bluesky's identity, cutting reliance on a single server. In theory, users should be hosting their data on Personal Data Servers (PDS), thereby distributing the load across networks of independent, self-sufficient servers. That in its way is in line with creating a resilient and user-owned type of space. 

As things stand today, though, most of the users remain connected to the primary infrastructure, causing bottlenecks as the user base expands. The fully decentralized approach would be rather difficult to implement. Yes, building a PDS is relatively simple using current tools from providers like DigitalOcean; however, replicating the whole Bluesky infrastructure will be much more complex. The relay component alone needs nearly 5TB of storage, in addition to good computing power and bandwidth. Such demands make decentralization inaccessible to smaller organizations and individuals. To address these challenges, Bluesky may require resources from hyperscale cloud providers like AWS or Google Cloud. Such companies might host PDS instances along with support infrastructure. This will make it easy to scale Bluesky. It will also eliminate the current single points of failures in place and make sure that the growth of the platform is ensured. 

The path that Bluesky takes appears to represent two challenges: meeting short-term demand and building a decentralized future. With the right investment and infrastructure, the platform may well redefine the social media scenario it so plans, with a scalable and resilient network faithful to its vision of user ownership.
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ransomware attacks
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks CyberCrime Cybersecurity CyberThreat Oilfield Supplier ransomware attacks

Texas Oilfield Supplier Operations Impacted by Ransomware Incident

 


About two months before the Newpark Resources attack, oilfield services giant Halliburton had been afflicted with a cyberattack that it then disclosed in a regulatory filing, which occurred about two months earlier.  Last week, Halliburton, the world's largest energy services provider, announced that about $35 million in expenses were incurred because of the attack. Still, the impact on the company's finances is relatively small, especially considering Halliburton is one of the world's largest energy services providers.  

There was an incident in August when Halliburton, a global provider of services for the energy industry, had to shut down the systems of some of its subsidiaries due to a cyber attack. In most cases, this type of breach involves unauthorized access by third parties; oftentimes, this leads to operations being disrupted, systems being shut down, and incident response plans being activated as a result of the breach. A cyber-response plan was activated at that time and a comprehensive investigation was conducted internally with the assistance of external advisors to assess and remedy any unauthorized activity that the company was aware of at that time.  

Halliburton announced last week that in its third-quarter results it incurred a pretax charge of $116 million as a result of severity costs, impairment of assets held for sale, expenses related to cybersecurity incidents, gains on equity investments, and other items. The company said in the release that it recorded a pretax charge of $116 million in the third quarter of 2024. In a report released on Tuesday, Halliburton's chairman, president, and CEO, Jeff Miller, said that Halliburton "experienced a $0.02 per share impact on its adjusted earnings from storms in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Gulf of Mexico due to the August cybersecurity event." 

While the update is not in any way noteworthy, Andy Watkin-Child, founding partner at Veritas GRC told LinkedIn it shows cyber incidents are moving to the top of the corporate agenda, in a post on the social media platform. The board of directors is more transparent, as required by the Securities and Exchange Commission when it comes to the impact of cyber incidents. Following the attack on Halliburton, the company had to postpone billing and collection activities, as well as put a halt on its share buyback program. 

According to the company, the full impact will not be material for the company's operations in the long run.   The Newpark Resources Group announced this week that access to certain information systems and business applications has been disrupted due to a ransomware attack that has hit their network. According to a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the incident was discovered on October 29 and a cybersecurity response plan was activated immediately, the Texas-based company that provides drilling fluids systems and composite matting systems for the oilfield sector, said in its statement. 

In his statement, Newpark stated that "the incident has caused disruptions and limitations in access to certain of the company's information systems and business applications that support aspects of the company's operations and corporate functions, including financial and operational reporting systems", and the company is still paying the price. To continue operating uninterruptedly, the company reverted to downtime procedures, allowing it to safely continue manufacturing and field operations during the downtime period.  

Based on the company's current understanding of the facts and circumstances regarding this incident, this incident appears not to have a reasonably likely impact on the company's financial situation or its results of operations, the company said in a statement. Newpark declined to provide information about how the attackers accessed its network, as well as who might have been responsible for the incident, nor did it explain how they gained access. No ransomware group is known to be claiming responsibility for the attack, according to SecurityWeek. 

About two months before the Newpark Resources breach, there was also a cyberattack on oilfield services giant Halliburton that was also announced in a regulatory filing by that company.  The company has just reported that as a result of the attack, Halliburton has incurred approximately $35 million in expenses. However, given that the company is one of the leading energy service companies in the world, the financial impact is relatively small.  

The incident at Newpark Resources highlighted the importance of network segmentation in protecting networks, according to Chris Grove, director of cybersecurity strategy at Nozomi Networks. He says that when networks are under attack, network segmentation can ensure their security.  According to Grove, separating OT from IT is one way to minimize the risk of a security breach and possibly hurt key operations if there is a breach. However, organizations are facing an increasingly pressing challenge: securing the advantages of segmentation while enabling controlled connectivity, which is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain. 

Cybersecurity Dive has been informed by researchers from NCC Group via email that there has been no public leak of data from the Newpark Resources attack and that there has been no claim made regarding the leak.  Neither the company nor the company's shareholders have been able to determine what costs and financial impacts will be associated with this incident, but about the company's financial condition and results of operations, they believe that the attack "is not reasonably likely to have a material impact."

As a manufacturer, seller, and rental company, Newpark Resources is dedicated to serving the petroleum industry and various other sectors related to energy, such as pipelines, renewable energy, petrochemicals, construction, and oilfields. In its Thursday earnings report, the Woodlands, Texas-based company disclosed quarterly revenue exceeding $44 million and projected an annual revenue reaching up to $223 million. This performance underscores the company's strong market presence despite recent challenges, though it remains under pressure following a recent ransomware attack by unidentified cyber actors. 

As of Thursday, no specific hacking group had taken responsibility for the attack. The oil and gas sector recognized as a globally essential industry, has increasingly become a focal point for ransomware attacks. Due to the industry’s high financial stakes and critical role in infrastructure, it is often targeted by cybercriminals who expect ransom payments to restore access to compromised systems. Notably, ransomware incidents have affected major players in the sector. Over the past four years, corporations such as Shell, Halliburton, Colonial Pipeline, Encino Energy, Oiltanking, and Mabanaft have experienced cybersecurity breaches that have disrupted operations and prompted significant financial and reputational impacts.

These incidents have drawn heightened attention from government entities, prompting federal authorities to pursue enhanced cybersecurity measures across critical infrastructure sectors. The rise in ransomware attacks has spurred the government to implement stricter cybersecurity regulations, with mandates designed to bolster defense mechanisms within vulnerable industries.
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ransomware attacks
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks cybersecurity in healthcare data security Healthcare Data Healthcare Industry ransomware attacks

WHO and Global Leaders Warn Against Rise of Ransomware Attacks Targeting Hospitals

 

On November 8, the World Health Organization (WHO) joined over 50 countries in issuing an urgent warning at the United Nations about the increase in ransomware attacks on healthcare systems worldwide. WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus addressed the UN Security Council, emphasizing the critical risks these cyberattacks pose to public health and safety. He highlighted the growing frequency of attacks on hospitals, which could delay urgent care, disrupt essential services, and lead to life-threatening consequences. Calling for global cooperation, he described ransomware as an international security threat that demands a coordinated response. 

Ransomware is a form of cyberattack where hackers lock or encrypt a victim’s data and demand payment in exchange for releasing it. This form of digital extortion has escalated globally, affecting healthcare providers, institutions, and governments alike. In the healthcare sector, such attacks can be particularly devastating, compromising the safety of patients and healthcare workers. The joint statement, endorsed by nations such as Japan, South Korea, Argentina, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, outlined the immediate dangers these attacks pose to public health and international security, calling on all governments to take stronger cybersecurity measures. The U.S., represented by Deputy National Security Adviser Anne Neuberger, directly blamed Russia for allowing ransomware groups to operate freely within its borders. 

According to Neuberger, some countries knowingly permit these actors to execute attacks that impact critical infrastructure globally. She called out Moscow for not addressing cybercriminals targeting foreign healthcare systems, implying that Russia’s inaction may indirectly support these malicious groups. Additional accusations were made against North Korea by delegates from France and South Korea, who highlighted the country’s alleged complicity in facilitating ransomware attacks. Russia’s UN representative, Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia, defended against these claims, arguing that the Security Council was not the right forum to address such issues. He asserted that Western nations were wasting valuable council time and resources by focusing on ransomware, suggesting instead that they address other pressing matters, including alleged attacks on hospitals in Gaza.  

WHO and the supporting nations warn that cybercrime, particularly ransomware, requires a global response to strengthen defenses in vulnerable sectors like healthcare. Dr. Ghebreyesus underscored that without collaboration, cybercriminals will continue to exploit critical systems, putting lives at risk. The joint statement also condemned nations that knowingly enable cybercriminals by allowing them to operate within their jurisdictions. This complicity, they argue, not only endangers healthcare systems but also threatens peace and security globally. 

As ransomware attacks continue to rise, healthcare systems worldwide face increasing pressure to strengthen cybersecurity defenses. The WHO’s call to action emphasizes that nations need to take ransomware threats as seriously as traditional security issues, working together to protect both patient safety and public health infrastructure.
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Spear Phishing
Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks cybercrime group Defense Kaspersky Russian Government Spear Phishing

Awaken Likho Targets Russian Agencies with MeshCentral Remote Access Tool

 

Awaken Likho, also referred to as Core Werewolf or PseudoGamaredon, is a cyber threat group targeting Russian government agencies and industrial entities. Since June 2024, a new campaign has been observed, where attackers have shifted from using UltraVNC to MeshCentral’s legitimate agent for remote access to compromised systems. The campaign primarily focuses on Russian government contractors and industrial enterprises, as reported by Kaspersky. Spear-phishing is a key method employed by Awaken Likho, with malicious executables disguised as Word or PDF files. 

These files trick victims by using double extensions such as “.doc.exe” or “.pdf.exe,” making them appear like standard document formats. When opened, these files trigger the installation of UltraVNC or, in the new campaign, MeshCentral’s MeshAgent tool, which grants the attackers full control over the compromised system. Awaken Likho’s cyberattacks date back to at least August 2021, first gaining attention through targeting Russia’s defense and critical infrastructure sectors. However, more recently, the group has shifted to using self-extracting archives (SFX) to covertly install UltraVNC, along with presenting decoy documents. 

In its latest campaigns, an SFX archive triggers the execution of a file named “MicrosoftStores.exe,” which unpacks an AutoIt script. This script eventually runs the MeshAgent tool, facilitating ongoing remote control via the MeshCentral server. By creating a scheduled task, Awaken Likho ensures persistence within the infected system. The scheduled task consistently runs the command file, which in turn launches MeshAgent, allowing communication with the MeshCentral server. This tactic gives the attackers access to the system long after the initial breach. Russian cybersecurity company Kaspersky has revealed that the campaign’s primary focus remains within Russian government bodies, contractors, and industrial enterprises. 

Additionally, earlier findings from BI.ZONE in June 2023 indicated that Awaken Likho has targeted sectors including defense and critical infrastructure, emphasizing the group’s intent on penetrating Russia’s most vital industries. A notable attack in May 2023 targeted a Russian military base in Armenia, as well as a research institute involved in weapons development. These actions suggest Awaken Likho’s primary focus on entities involved in Russia’s security and defense sectors, with significant consequences for the country’s critical infrastructure. 

This new chapter in Awaken Likho’s activity signals the group’s evolving tactics and its continued interest in leveraging spear-phishing attacks with more sophisticated tools. By transitioning to the MeshCentral platform, the group showcases its adaptability in maintaining control over systems while evading detection, making it a significant threat to Russian entities in the future.
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Software update
Critical Infrastructure critical infrastructure risk Cyber Security faulty software update software se Software update

Faulty Software Update Shuts Down Critical Infrastructure, Highlighting Major Risks

 

A recent incident involving a faulty software update has underscored the significant risks associated with system updates and the potential vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure. This incident, which caused a widespread shutdown of essential services, serves as a stark reminder of the importance of rigorous testing and robust cybersecurity protocols. The issue arose when a routine software update, intended to enhance performance and security, instead led to a catastrophic failure in several systems. 

The update, which was pushed out without adequate testing, contained a critical bug that disrupted the operation of numerous infrastructure services. As a result, vital operations were halted, causing widespread inconvenience and highlighting the fragility of digital infrastructure. One of the most affected sectors was the energy industry, where the software update caused several power plants to go offline. This led to significant disruptions in power supply, affecting both residential and commercial users. The outage also had a ripple effect on other critical services, including healthcare and transportation, further amplifying the impact of the incident. The problem was traced back to a flaw in the software update process. The update was not thoroughly vetted before being deployed, and the critical bug went unnoticed. Once the issue became apparent, emergency protocols were initiated to roll back the update and restore normal operations. 

However, the process was not straightforward, and it took several hours to bring all affected systems back online. This incident has raised serious concerns about the security and reliability of software updates, particularly for systems that underpin critical infrastructure. It has also highlighted the need for more stringent testing procedures and better contingency planning. Experts argue that while updates are necessary for maintaining security and performance, they must be handled with extreme caution to avoid such catastrophic failures. In response to the incident, several companies have announced plans to review and enhance their software update processes. This includes implementing more rigorous testing procedures, improving communication channels to quickly address any issues that arise, and developing more robust rollback mechanisms to quickly revert to previous versions in case of problems. 

Moreover, there is a growing call for industry-wide standards and best practices for software updates, particularly for critical infrastructure. These standards would ensure that updates are thoroughly tested and that there are adequate safeguards in place to prevent widespread disruptions. The incident serves as a sobering reminder of the delicate balance between maintaining security through updates and ensuring the stability of critical systems. As digital infrastructure becomes increasingly integral to everyday life, the stakes for getting this balance right have never been higher. 

Moving forward, it is imperative for companies and regulatory bodies to work together to strengthen the processes and protocols surrounding software updates, ensuring that they enhance security without compromising the reliability of essential services.
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Technology
Critical Infrastructure Ransom Payment Ransomware Sophos Technology

How Ransomware is Draining Resources from Critical Infrastructure

How Ransomware is Draining Resources from Critical Infrastructure

The Rising Cost of Ransomware Attacks on Critical Infrastructure

The costs of ransomware attacks on critical national infrastructure (CNI) firms have soared over the last year.

According to Sophos' newest numbers, which were revealed today, the typical ransom payment increased to $2.54 million, more than 41 times last year's total of $62,500. The mean payment for 2024 is considerably greater, at $3.225 million, representing a less dramatic 6-fold rise.

IT, technology, and telecoms were the least likely to pay large sums to hackers, with an average payment of $330,000, but lower education and federal government organizations reported the highest average payments of $6.6 million.

The figures are based solely on ransomware victims who were willing to reveal the specifics of their mistakes, thus they do not provide the full picture.

The Escalating Financial Burden

Only 86 of the 275 CNI organizations surveyed provided statistics on ransom payments. There's a significant risk that the results would be distorted if all of the CNI ransomware victims polled were completely upfront with their information.

Costs to recover from ransomware attacks have also increased dramatically since the researchers' findings last year, with some CNI industries' costs quadrupling to a median average of $3 million per event.

The Impact on Critical Infrastructure

According to the report, only one in every five people were able to recover in a week or less, down from 41 percent the previous year and 50 percent the year before that. The percentage of victims who take more than a month to recuperate has also increased to 55%, up from 36% last year. 

Sophos stated in its analysis that this could be due to attacks getting more sophisticated and complicated, requiring more work from the IT team to effectively repair all of the damage caused by the crimes. However, the vendor's global field CTO, Chester Wisniewski, believes the industries should reevaluate their propensity to pay ransoms.

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