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poisoning attack
AI Poisoning AI Risks ChatGPT Claude Chatbot Cyber Security cybersecurity risks LLM Model Malicious Chatbot Scam poisoning attack

AI Poisoning: How Malicious Data Corrupts Large Language Models Like ChatGPT and Claude

 

Poisoning is a term often associated with the human body or the environment, but it is now a growing problem in the world of artificial intelligence. Large language models such as ChatGPT and Claude are particularly vulnerable to this emerging threat known as AI poisoning. A recent joint study conducted by the UK AI Security Institute, the Alan Turing Institute, and Anthropic revealed that inserting as few as 250 malicious files into a model’s training data can secretly corrupt its behavior. 

AI poisoning occurs when attackers intentionally feed false or misleading information into a model’s training process to alter its responses, bias its outputs, or insert hidden triggers. The goal is to compromise the model’s integrity without detection, leading it to generate incorrect or harmful results. This manipulation can take the form of data poisoning, which happens during the model’s training phase, or model poisoning, which occurs when the model itself is modified after training. Both forms overlap since poisoned data eventually influences the model’s overall behavior. 

A common example of a targeted poisoning attack is the backdoor method. In this scenario, attackers plant specific trigger words or phrases in the data—something that appears normal but activates malicious behavior when used later. For instance, a model could be programmed to respond insultingly to a question if it includes a hidden code word like “alimir123.” Such triggers remain invisible to regular users but can be exploited by those who planted them. 

Indirect attacks, on the other hand, aim to distort the model’s general understanding of topics by flooding its training sources with biased or false content. If attackers publish large amounts of misinformation online, such as false claims about medical treatments, the model may learn and reproduce those inaccuracies as fact. Research shows that even a tiny amount of poisoned data can cause major harm. 

In one experiment, replacing only 0.001% of the tokens in a medical dataset caused models to spread dangerous misinformation while still performing well in standard tests. Another demonstration, called PoisonGPT, showed how a compromised model could distribute false information convincingly while appearing trustworthy. These findings highlight how subtle manipulations can undermine AI reliability without immediate detection. Beyond misinformation, poisoning also poses cybersecurity threats. 

Compromised models could expose personal information, execute unauthorized actions, or be exploited for malicious purposes. Previous incidents, such as the temporary shutdown of ChatGPT in 2023 after a data exposure bug, demonstrate how fragile even the most secure systems can be when dealing with sensitive information. Interestingly, some digital artists have used data poisoning defensively to protect their work from being scraped by AI systems. 

By adding misleading signals to their content, they ensure that any model trained on it produces distorted outputs. This tactic highlights both the creative and destructive potential of data poisoning. The findings from the UK AI Security Institute, Alan Turing Institute, and Anthropic underline the vulnerability of even the most advanced AI models. 

As these systems continue to expand into everyday life, experts warn that maintaining the integrity of training data and ensuring transparency throughout the AI development process will be essential to protect users and prevent manipulation through AI poisoning.
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poisoning attack
Crypto Currency Cyber Attacks CyberThreat degital threats poisoning attack

Here's all you Need to Know About Crypto Poisoning Attack

In today's digital landscape, advanced persistent threats have become a prevalent and ongoing challenge. The financial sector, particularly the realm of cryptocurrencies, faces even greater risks from these evolving cyber threats. Such threats not only endanger our sensitive data and privacy but also put our valuable assets and investments at stake. 

One specific concern within the crypto community in 2023 is the emergence of crypto poisoning or address poisoning attacks. These attacks have garnered attention due to their potential to compromise the security and integrity of crypto transactions and holdings. 

What are crypto poisoning attacks? 

In the realm of cryptocurrency, crypto poisoning attacks pose a significant threat to users. These attacks involve the manipulation of a user's transaction history to deceive them into sending funds to the attacker's wallet instead of the intended recipient. 

By crafting a wallet address that closely resembles the user's legitimate address, the attacker introduces confusion and disrupts the transaction process. Crypto poisoning attacks emerged in late 2022 and have rapidly gained attention ever since. 

The attractiveness of this attack lies in its simplicity and the potential for substantial gains, making it a popular choice among cybercriminals. The core idea behind these attacks is to exploit the target's vulnerability by creating transactions that deliberately confuse them, leading to unintended transfers to the attacker's address. 

These attacks can occur through phishing schemes, malware infections, compromised websites, or other social engineering techniques. They often rely on exploiting human vulnerabilities, such as inattentiveness or lack of knowledge about verifying transaction details. 

Crypto poisoning attacks pose a significant risk to cryptocurrency users as they can result in financial losses, compromised privacy, and damage to trust in the cryptocurrency ecosystem. 

Crypto poisoning attacks have been on the rise, targeting popular platforms like MetaMask and PancakeSwap. In one case, attackers sent fake tokens to create a legitimate transaction history, leading users to unintentionally send Ether to the attacker's address. Another incident involved a fake PancakeSwap website, where attackers replaced users' wallet addresses, and unknowingly sent funds to the attacker. 

These incidents highlight the evolving tactics of cybercriminals in the crypto community, emphasizing the need to stay informed and protect digital assets. Crypto poisoning attacks unfold through a systematic process, taking advantage of the victim's lack of vigilance and familiarity with their blockchain addresses. 

Here is a breakdown of the key steps involved in a Crypto Poisoning Attack: 

Identifying the victim: Attackers target potential victims by focusing on crypto exchanges or creating similar addresses. They rely on users misspelling the exchange's address, allowing the attacker to passively receive transactions and generate income. Exchanges often change their deposit addresses to combat this. 

Exploiting on-chain tracking systems: Attackers use tracking tools to monitor specific accounts and receive alerts when transactions occur. They then launch their own transactions immediately after the victim's, taking advantage of the timing. 

Creating a similar address: To carry out a crypto poisoning attack, the attacker creates a blockchain address similar to the victim's address. This is done by taking some initial or final digits of the victim's address and generating a similar one using "vanity address generators." These tools find a private key that corresponds to the desired address, with more similarity requiring a longer and more complex process. 

Once equipped with a similar address and its private key, the attacker employs two main techniques: 

Fake Contracts: The attacker constructs a smart contract that sends tokens with zero value to an address resembling the victim. Initially, the victim may not pay much attention to this transaction. However, when they attempt a legitimate transfer, they might unintentionally copy the phishing address from the transaction history, sending their funds to the attacker. 

Breadcrumbing: Here, the attacker creates a vanity address closely resembling the victim's address. They send small amounts of cryptocurrency to the victim's address, anticipating that the victim will check the balance on a block explorer. Seeing the attacker's address in the transaction history, the victim might mistakenly copy it, believing it to be their own, and unintentionally send funds to the attacker. 

To protect against address poisoning attacks and safeguard your digital assets, always verify recipient addresses, use alerts and contact lists, obtain addresses from trusted sources, and consider using Name Service Addresses as a user-friendly alternative. 
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