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Malware Attack
Cyber Fraud Cyber Scams cybercriminals data security Financial Fraud Hacking WhatsApp Malicious Code Malware Attack

WhatsApp Image Scam Uses Steganography to Steal User Data and Money

 

With over three billion users globally, including around 500 million in India, WhatsApp has become one of the most widely used communication platforms. While this immense popularity makes it convenient for users to stay connected, it also provides fertile ground for cybercriminals to launch increasingly sophisticated scams. 

A recent alarming trend involves the use of steganography—a technique for hiding malicious code inside images—enabling attackers to compromise user devices and steal sensitive data. A case from Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, brought this threat into the spotlight. A 28-year-old man reportedly lost close to ₹2 lakh after downloading a seemingly harmless image received via WhatsApp. The image, however, was embedded with malware that secretly installed itself on his phone. 

This new approach is particularly concerning because the file looked completely normal and harmless to the user. Unlike traditional scams involving suspicious links or messages, this method exploits a far subtler form of cyberattack. Steganography is the practice of embedding hidden information inside media files such as images, videos, or audio. In this scam, cybercriminals embed malicious code into the least significant bits of image data or in the file’s metadata—areas that do not impact the visible quality of the image but can carry executable instructions. These altered files are then distributed via WhatsApp, often as forwarded messages. 

When a recipient downloads or opens the file, the embedded malware activates and begins to infiltrate the device. Once installed, the malware can harvest a wide range of personal data. It may extract saved passwords, intercept one-time passwords, and even facilitate unauthorized financial transactions. What makes this form of attack more dangerous than typical phishing attempts is its stealth. Because the malware is hidden within legitimate-looking files, it often bypasses detection by standard antivirus software, especially those designed for consumer use. Detecting and analyzing such threats typically requires specialized forensic tools and advanced behavioral monitoring. 

In the Jabalpur case, after downloading the infected image, the malware gained control over the victim’s device, accessed his banking credentials, and enabled unauthorized fund transfers. Experts warn that this method could be replicated on a much larger scale, especially if users remain unaware of the risks posed by media files. 

As platforms like WhatsApp continue working to enhance security, users must remain cautious and avoid downloading media from unfamiliar sources. In today’s digital age, even an innocent-looking image can become a tool for cyber theft.
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Software
Advanced Technology Artificial Intelligence Cyber Security cybercriminals CyberThreat Google Google Ads Google Marketing Software

Google Unveils AI With Deep Reasoning and Creative Video Capabilities

 


This week, Google, as part of its annual Google Marketing Live 2025 event, unveiled a comprehensive suite of artificial intelligence-powered tools to help the company cement its position at the forefront of digital commerce and advertising on Wednesday, May 21, at a press conference.

Google's new tools are intended to revolutionise the way brands engage with consumers and drive measurable growth through artificial intelligence, and they are part of a strategic push that Google is making to redefine the future of advertising and online shopping. In her presentation, Vidhya Srinivasan, Vice President and General Manager of Google Ads and Commerce, stressed the importance of this change, saying, “The future of advertising is already here, fueled by artificial intelligence.” 

This declaration was followed by Google's announcement of advanced solutions that will enable businesses to use smarter bidding, dynamic creative creation, and intelligent, agent-based assistants in real-time, which can adjust to user behaviour and market conditions, as well as adapt to changing market conditions. Google has launched this major product at a critical time in its history, as generative AI platforms and conversational search tools are putting unprecedented pressure on traditional search and shopping channels, diverting users away from these methods. 

By leveraging technological disruptions as an opportunity for brands and marketers around the world, Google underscores its commitment to staying ahead of the curve by creating innovation-driven opportunities for brands and marketers. A long time ago, Google began to explore artificial intelligence, and since its inception in 1998, it has evolved steadily. Google’s journey into artificial intelligence dates back much earlier than many people think. 

While Google has always been known for its groundbreaking PageRank algorithm, its formal commitment to artificial intelligence accelerated throughout the mid-2000s when key milestones like the acquisition of Pyra Labs in 2003 and the launch of Google Translate in 2006 were key milestones. It is these early efforts that laid the foundation for analysing content and translating it using AI. It was not long before Google Instant was introduced in 2010 as an example of how predictive algorithms were enhancing user experience by providing real-time search query suggestions. 

In the years that followed, artificial intelligence research and innovation became increasingly important, as evidenced by Google X's establishment in 2011 and DeepMind's strategic acquisition in 2014, pioneers in reinforcement learning that created the historic algorithm AlphaGo. A new wave of artificial intelligence has been sweeping across the globe since 2016 with Google Assistant and advanced tools like TensorFlow, which have democratized machine learning development. 

Breakthroughs such as Duplex have highlighted AI's increasing conversational sophistication, but most recently, Google's AI has embraced multimodal capabilities, which is why models like BERT, LaMDA, and PaLM are revolutionising language understanding and dialogue in a way previously unknown to the world. AI has a rich legacy that underscores its crucial role in driving Google’s transformation across search, creativity, and business solutions, underpinned by this legacy. 

As part of its annual developer conference in 2025, Google I/O reaffirmed its leadership in the rapidly developing field of artificial intelligence by unveiling an impressive lineup of innovations that promise to revolutionize the way people interact with technology, reaffirming its leadership in this field. In addition to putting a heavy emphasis on artificial intelligence-driven transformation, this year's event showcased next-generation models and tools that are far superior to the ones displayed in previous years. 

Among the announcements made by AI are the addition of AI assistants with deeper contextual intelligence, to the creation of entire videos with dialogue, which highlights a monumental leap forward in both the creative and cognitive capabilities of AI in general. It was this technological display that was most highlighted by the unveiling of Gemini 2.5, Google's most advanced artificial intelligence model. This model is positioned as the flagship model of the Gemini series, setting new industry standards for outstanding performance across key dimensions, such as reasoning, speed, and contextual awareness, which is among the most important elements of the model. 

The Gemini 2.5 model has outperformed its predecessors and rivals, including Google's own Gemini Flash, which has redefined expectations for what artificial intelligence can do. Among the model's most significant advantages is its enhanced problem-solving ability, which makes it far more than just a tool for retrieving information; it is also a true cognitive assistant because it provides precise, contextually-aware responses to complex and layered queries. 

 It has significantly enhanced capabilities, but it operates at a faster pace and with better efficiency, which makes it easier to integrate into real-time applications, from customer support to high-level planning tools, seamlessly. Additionally, the model's advanced understanding of contextual cues allows it to conduct intelligent, more coherent conversations, allowing it to feel more like a human being collaborating rather than interacting with a machine. This development marks a paradigm shift in artificial intelligence in addition to incremental improvements. 

It is a sign that artificial intelligence is moving toward a point where systems are capable of reasoning, adapting, and contributing in meaningful ways across the creative, technical, and commercial spheres. Google I/O 2025 serves as a preview of a future where AI will become an integral part of productivity, innovation, and experience design for digital creators, businesses, and developers alike. 

Google has announced that it is adding major improvements to its Gemini large language model lineup, which marks another major step forward in Google's quest to develop more powerful, adaptive artificial intelligence systems, building on the momentum of its breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. The new iterations, Gemini 2.5 Flash and Gemini 2.5 Pro, feature significant architectural improvements that aim to optimise performance across a wide range of uses. 

It will be available in early June 2025 in general availability as Gemini 2.5 Flash, a fast and lightweight processor designed for high-speed and lightweight use, and the more advanced Pro version will appear shortly afterwards as well. Among the most notable features of the Pro model is the introduction of “Deep Think” which provides advanced reasoning techniques to handle complex tasks using parallel processing techniques to handle complex issues. 

As a result of its inspiration from AlphaGo's strategic modelling, Deep Think gives AI the ability to simultaneously explore various solution paths, producing faster and more accurate results. With this capability, the model is well-positioned to offer a cutting-edge solution for reasoning at the highest level, mathematical analysis, and programming that meets the demands of competition. When Demiss Hassabis, CEO of Google DeepMind, held a press briefing to highlight the model's breakthrough performance, he highlighted its impressive performance on the USAMO 2025, a challenging math challenge that is a challenging one in the world, and LiveCodeBench, another benchmark that is a popular one in advanced coding.

A statement by Hassabis said, “Deep Think pushed the performance of models to the limit, resulting in groundbreaking results.” Google is adopting a cautious release strategy to comply with its commitment to ethical AI deployment. In order to ensure safety, reliability, and transparency, Deep Think will initially be accessible only to a limited number of trusted testers who will be able to provide feedback. 

In addition to demonstrating Google's intent to responsibly scale frontier AI capabilities, this deliberate rollout emphasises the importance of maintaining trust and control while showcasing the company's commitment to it. In addition to its creative AI capabilities, Google announced two powerful models for generative media during its latest announcements: Veo 3 for video generation and Imagen 4. These models represent significant breakthroughs in generative media technology. 

There has been a shift in artificial intelligence-assisted content creation in recent years, and these innovations provide creators with a much deeper, more immersive toolkit that allows them to tell visual and audio stories in a way that is truly remarkable in terms of realism and precision. Veo 3 represents a transformative leap in video generation technology, and for the first time, artificial intelligence-generated videos do not only comprise silent, motion-only clips anymore, but also provide a wide range of visual effects and effects. 

As a result of the integration of fully synchronised audio with Veo 3, the experience felt more like a real cinematic production than a simple algorithmic output, with ambient sounds, sound effects, and even real-time dialogue between characters, as it was in the original film. "For the first time in history, we are entering into a new era of video creation," said Demis Hassabis, CEO of Google DeepMind, highlighting how both the visual fidelity and the auditory depth of the new model were highlighted. As a result of these breakthroughs, Google has developed Flow, a new AI-powered filmmaking platform exclusively for creative professionals, which integrates these breakthroughs into Flow. 

Flow is Google's latest generative modelling tool that combines the most advanced models into an intuitive interface, so storytellers can design cinematic sequences with greater ease and fluidity than ever before. In Flow, the company claims it will recreate the intuitive, inspired creative process, where iteration feels effortless and ideas evolve in a way that is effortless and effortless. Flow has already been used by several filmmakers to create short films that illustrate the creative potential of the technology, combining Flow's capabilities with traditional methods to create the films.

Additionally, Imagen 4 is the latest update to Google's image generation model, offering extraordinary improvements in visual clarity, fine detail, and especially in typography and text rendering, as well as providing unparalleled advancements in visual clarity and fine detail. With these improvements, it has become a powerful tool for marketers, designers, and content creators who need to create beautiful visuals combining high-quality imagery with precise, readable text. 

The Imagen 4 platform is a significant step forward in advancing the quality of visual storytelling based on artificial intelligence, whether for branding, digital campaigns, or presentations. Despite fierce competition from leading technology companies, Google has made significant advancements in autonomous artificial intelligence agents at a time when the landscape of intelligent automation is rapidly evolving.

It is no secret that Microsoft's GitHub Copilot has already demonstrated how powerful AI-driven development assistants can be, but OpenAI's CodeX platform continues to push the boundaries of what AI has to offer. It is in this context that Google introduced innovative tools like Stitch and Jules that could generate a complete website, a codebase, and a user interface automatically without any human input. These tools signal a revolution in how software developers develop and create digital content. A convergence of autonomous artificial intelligence technologies from a variety of industry giants underscores a trend towards automating increasingly complex knowledge tasks. 

Through the use of these AI systemorganisationsons can respond quickly to changing market demands and evolving consumer preferences by providing real-time recommendations and dynamic adjustments. Through such responsiveness, an organisation is able to optimise operational efficiency, maximise resource utilisation, and create sustainable growth by ensuring that the company remains tightly aligned with its strategic goals. AI provides businesses with actionable insights that enable them to compete more effectively in an increasingly complex and fast-paced market place by providing actionable insights. 

Aside from software and business applications, Google's AI innovations also have great potential to have a dramatic impact on the healthcare sector, where advancements in diagnostic accuracy and personalised treatment planning have the potential to greatly improve the outcomes for patients. Furthermore, improvements in the field of natural language processing and multimodal interaction models will help provide more intuitive, accessible and useful user interfaces for users from diverse backgrounds, thus reducing barriers to adoption and enabling them to make the most of technology. 

In the future, when artificial intelligence becomes an integral part of today's everyday lives, its influence will be transformative, affecting industries, redefining workflows, and generating profound social effects. The fact that Google leads the way in this space not only implies a future where artificial intelligence will augment human capabilities, but it also signals the arrival of a new era of progress in science, economics, and culture as a whole.
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SentinelOne
Babuk Babuk Ransomware critical vulnerabilities Cyber Security cybercriminals EDR Ransomware attack Ransomwares SentinelOne

SentinelOne EDR Exploit Allows Babuk Ransomware Deployment Through Installer Abuse

 

A newly discovered exploit has revealed a critical vulnerability in SentinelOne’s endpoint detection and response (EDR) system, allowing cybercriminals to bypass its tamper protection and deploy the Babuk ransomware. The method, identified as a “Bring Your Own Installer” technique, was uncovered by John Ailes and Tim Mashni from Aon’s Stroz Friedberg Incident Response team during a real-world ransomware case investigation. 


The core issue lies in how the SentinelOne agent handles updates. When an agent is upgraded, the existing version is momentarily stopped to make way for the new one. Threat actors have figured out how to exploit this transition window by launching a legitimate SentinelOne installer and then terminating it mid-process. This action disables the EDR protection temporarily, leaving the system vulnerable long enough to install ransomware or execute malicious operations without being detected.  

Unlike traditional bypasses that rely on third-party drivers or hacking tools, this method takes advantage of SentinelOne’s own software. Once the process is interrupted, the system loses its protection, allowing the attackers to act with impunity. Ailes stressed that the bypass can be triggered using both older and newer agent versions, putting even up-to-date deployments at risk if specific configuration settings are not enabled. During their investigation, the team observed how the targeted device disappeared from the SentinelOne management console shortly after the exploit was executed, signaling that the endpoint had become unmonitored. 

The attack was effective across multiple versions of the software, indicating that the exploit isn’t tied to a particular release. To mitigate this risk, SentinelOne recommends activating a feature called “Online Authorization” (also referred to as Local Upgrade Authorization). This setting ensures that any attempt to upgrade, downgrade, or uninstall the agent must first be approved via the SentinelOne management console. 

Although this option exists, it is not enabled by default for existing customers, largely to maintain compatibility with deployment tools like Microsoft’s System Center Configuration Manager. Since the vulnerability was disclosed, SentinelOne has taken steps to notify customers and is now enabling the protective setting by default for new installations. 

The company also confirmed sharing the findings with other major EDR providers, recognizing that similar techniques could potentially impact their platforms as well. While the current exploit does not affect SentinelOne when configured correctly, the case serves as a stark reminder of the importance of security hardening, particularly in the tools meant to defend against sophisticated threats.
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Ransomwares
Cyber Attacks cybercrime group cybercriminals data security Data Theft DOGE Dogecoin Elon Musk Ransom Demand Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Cybercriminals Behind DOGE Big Balls Ransomware Demand $1 Trillion, Troll Elon Musk

 

A cybercrime group notorious for its outrageous tactics has resurfaced with a ransomware attack demanding an unbelievable $1 trillion from its victims. The group, responsible for the DOGE Big Balls ransomware campaign, has updated its ransom demands with bizarre references to Elon Musk and the Dogecoin meme culture, blending humor with a highly dangerous threat.  

According to a report by Trend Micro researchers Nathaniel Morales and Sarah Pearl Camiling, the attackers are leveraging a modified form of the FOG ransomware to carry out these intrusions. The malware exploits a long-known Windows vulnerability (CVE-2015-2291) through a multi-step PowerShell script that allows deep access into infected systems. Delivered via deceptive shortcut files inside ZIP folders, the malware initiates a chain reaction to execute its payload. Though the ransom note may appear comical—mocking Musk’s past corporate directives and making false claims about stealing “trilatitude and trilongitude” coordinates—the security community warns against taking this threat lightly. 

The ransomware performs environment checks to avoid detection, analyzing machine specs, RAM, and registry entries to detect if it’s being run in a sandbox. If any signs of monitoring are detected, the malware will exit silently. The FBI, in its April 2025 Internet Crime Report, highlighted ransomware—particularly FOG variants—as a dominant threat, impacting critical infrastructure and organizations across the U.S. The report revealed over 100 known FOG ransomware infections between January and March 2025, making it the most reported strain of the year thus far. Beyond encryption, the malware also exfiltrates sensitive data and pressures victims to communicate via the Tor network for instructions. 

The attackers claim stolen files and urge victims not to involve law enforcement, adding a “don’t snitch now” line in their taunting ransom message. Despite its absurd tone, security leaders emphasize the seriousness of the attack. Dr. Ilia Kolochenko, CEO of ImmuniWeb, cautions that many victims discreetly pay ransoms to groups known for not leaking data—urging companies to seek legal and cybersecurity advice before making decisions. 

Although the group hides behind memes and internet jokes, their ability to cause significant operational and financial disruption is very real. Their humor might distract, but the threat demands urgent attention.
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phishing
CAPTCHA CAPTCHA Security Cyber Attacks cybercriminals Fake Captcha Hacker attack Hackers Malware attacks phishing

Fake CAPTCHAs Are the New Trap: Here’s How Hackers Are Using Them to Install Malware

 

For years, CAPTCHAs have been a familiar online hurdle—click a box, identify a few blurry images, and prove you’re human. They’ve long served as digital gatekeepers to help websites filter out bots and protect against abuse. But now, cybercriminals are turning this trusted security mechanism into a tool for deception. Security researchers are sounding the alarm over a growing threat: fake CAPTCHAs designed to trick users into unknowingly installing malware. 

These phony tests imitate the real thing, often appearing as pop-up windows or embedded verification boxes on compromised websites. At first glance, they seem harmless—just another quick click on your way to a webpage. But a single interaction can trigger a hidden chain reaction that compromises your device. The tactic is subtle but effective. By replicating legitimate CAPTCHA interfaces, attackers play on instinct. Most users are conditioned to complete CAPTCHAs without much thought. That reflexive click becomes the entry point for malicious code. 

One reported incident involved a prompt asking users to paste a code into the Windows Run dialog—an action that launched malware installation scripts. Another campaign tied to the Quakbot malware family used similar deception, embedding CAPTCHAs that initiated background downloads and executed harmful commands with a single click. These attacks, often referred to as ClickFix CAPTCHA scams, are a form of social engineering—a psychological manipulation tactic hackers use to exploit human behavior. 

In this case, attackers are banking on your trust in familiar security prompts to lower your guard. The threat doesn’t stop at just fake clicks. Some CAPTCHAs redirect users to infected web pages, while others silently copy dangerous commands to the clipboard. In the worst cases, users are tricked into pressing keyboard shortcuts that launch Windows PowerShell, allowing attackers to run scripts that steal data, disable security software, or hijack system functions. 

Experts warn that this method is particularly dangerous because it blends in so well with normal browsing activity. Unlike more obvious phishing scams, fake CAPTCHA attacks don’t rely on emails or suspicious links—they happen right where users feel safe: in their browsers. To defend against these attacks, users must remain skeptical of CAPTCHAs that ask for more than a simple click. 

If a CAPTCHA ever requests you to enter text into system tools, press unusual key combinations, or follow unfamiliar instructions, stop immediately. Those are red flags. Moreover, ensure you have reliable antivirus protection installed and keep your browser and operating system updated. Visiting lesser-known websites? Use an ad blocker or security-focused browser extension to reduce exposure to malicious scripts. 

As CAPTCHA-based scams grow more sophisticated, digital vigilance is your best defense. The next time you’re asked to “prove you’re not a robot,” it might not be your humanity being tested—but your cybersecurity awareness.
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Vulnerabilities
Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT cybercriminals Cybersecurity Ransomware Vulnerabilities

Cybercriminals Exploit Psychological Vulnerabilities in Ransomware Campaigns

 


During the decade of 2025, the cybersecurity landscape has drastically changed, with ransomware from a once isolated incident to a full-sized global crisis. No longer confined to isolated incidents, these attacks are now posing a tremendous threat to economies, governments, and public services across the globe. There is a wide range of organizations across all sectors that find themselves exposed to increasingly sophisticated cyber threats, ranging from multinational corporations to hospitals to schools. It is reported in Cohesity’s Global Cyber Resilience Report that 69% of organizations have paid ransom demands to their suppliers in the past year, which indicates just how much pressure businesses have to deal with when such attacks happen. 

The staggering number of cybercrime cases highlights the need for stronger cybersecurity measures, proactive threat mitigation strategies and a heightened focus on digital resilience. With cybercriminals continuously improving their tactics, organizations need to develop innovative security frameworks, increase their threat intelligence capabilities, and foster a culture of cyber vigilance to be able to combat this growing threat. The cybersecurity landscape in 2025 has changed significantly, as ransomware has evolved into a global crisis of unprecedented proportions. 

The threat of these attacks is not just limited to isolated incidents but has become a significant threat to governments, industries, and essential public services. Across the board, companies of all sizes are increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats, from multinational corporations to hospitals and schools. In the last year, Cohesity released its Global Cyber Resilience Report, which revealed that 69% of organizations paid ransom demands, indicating the immense pressure that businesses face in the wake of such threats. 

This staggering figure underscores how urgent it is that we take more aggressive cybersecurity measures, develop proactive threat mitigation strategies, and increase our emphasis on digital resilience to prevent cyberattacks from taking place. Organizations must embrace new security frameworks, strengthen threat intelligence capabilities, and cultivate a culture of cyber vigilance to combat this growing threat as cybercriminals continue to refine their tactics. A persistent cybersecurity threat for decades, ransomware remains one of the biggest threats today. 

However, the first global ransom payment exceeded $1 billion in 2023, marking a milestone that hasn't been achieved in many years. Cyber extortion increased dramatically at this time, as cyber attackers constantly refined their tactics to maximize the financial gains that they could garner from their victims. The trend of cybercriminals developing increasingly sophisticated methods and exploiting vulnerabilities, as well as forcing organizations into compliance, has been on the rise for several years. However, recent data indicates a significant shift in this direction. It is believed that in 2024, ransomware payments will decrease by a substantial 35%, mainly due to successful law enforcement operations and the improvement of cyber hygiene globally.

As a result of enhanced security measures, increased awareness, and a stronger collective resistance, victims of ransom attacks have become increasingly confident they can refuse ransom demands. However, cybercriminals are quick to adapt, altering their strategies quickly to counteract these evolving defences to stay on top of the game. A response from them has been to increase their negotiation tactics, negotiating more quickly with victims, while simultaneously developing stealthier and more evasive ransomware strains to be more stealthy and evasive. 

Organizations are striving to strengthen their resilience, but the ongoing battle between cybersecurity professionals and cybercriminals continues to shape the future of digital security. There has been a new era in ransomware attacks, characterized by cybercriminals leveraging artificial intelligence in increasingly sophisticated manners to carry out these attacks. Using freely available AI-powered chatbots, malicious code is being generated, convincing phishing emails are being sent, and even deepfake videos are being created to entice individuals to divulge sensitive information or transfer funds by manipulating them into divulging sensitive information. 

By making the barriers to entry much lower for cyber-attacking, even the least experienced threat actors are more likely to be able to launch highly effective cyber-attacks. Nevertheless, artificial intelligence is not being used only by attackers to commit crimes. There have been several cases where victims have attempted to craft the perfect response to a ransom negotiation using artificial intelligence-driven tools like ChatGPT, according to Sygnia's ransomware negotiation teams. 

The limitations of AI become evident in high-stakes interactions with cybercriminals, even though they can be useful in many areas. According to Cristal, Sygnia’s CEO, artificial intelligence lacks the emotional intelligence and nuance needed to successfully navigate these sensitive conversations. It has been observed that sometimes artificial intelligence-generated responses may unintentionally escalate a dispute by violating critical negotiation principles, such as not using negative language or refusing to pay outright.

It is clear from this that human expertise is crucial when it comes to managing cyber extortion scenarios, where psychological insight and strategic communication play a vital role in reducing the potential for damage. Earlier this year, the United Kingdom proposed banning ransomware payments, a move aimed at deterring cybercriminals by making critical industries less appealing targets for cybercriminals. This proposed legislation would affect all public sector agencies, schools, local councils, and data centres, as well as critical national infrastructure. 

By reducing the financial incentive for attackers, officials hope to decrease both the frequency and severity of ransomware incidents across the country to curb the number of ransomware incidents. However, the problem extends beyond the UK. In addition to the sanctions issued by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, several ransomware groups that have links to Russia and North Korea have already been sanctioned. This has made it illegal for American businesses and individuals to pay ransoms to these organizations. 

Even though ransomware is restricted in this manner, experts warn that outright bans are not a simple or universal solution to the problem. As cybersecurity specialists Segal and Cristal point out, such bans remain uncertain in their effectiveness, since it has been shown that attacks fluctuate in response to policy changes, according to the experts. Even though some cybercriminals may be deterred by such policies, other cybercriminals may escalate their tactics, reverting to more aggressive threats or increasing their personal extortion tactics. 

The Sygnia negotiation team continues to support the notion that ransom payments should be banned within government sectors because some ransomware groups are driven by geopolitical agendas, and these goals will be unaffected by payment restrictions. Even so, the Sygnia negotiation team believes that government institutions should not be able to make ransom payments because they are better able to handle financial losses than private companies. 

Governments can afford a strong stance against paying ransoms, as Segal pointed out, however for businesses, especially small and micro-sized businesses, the consequences can be devastating if they fail to do so. It was noted in its policy proposal that the Home Office acknowledges this disparity, noting that smaller companies, often lacking ransomware insurance or access to recovery services, can have difficulty recovering from operational disruptions and reputational damage when they suffer from ransomware attacks. 

Some companies could find it more difficult to resolve ransomware demands if they experience a prolonged cyberattack. This might lead to them opting for alternative, less transparent methods of doing so. This can include covert payment of ransoms through third parties or cryptocurrencies, allowing hackers to receive money anonymously and avoid legal consequences. The risks associated with such actions, however, are considerable. If they are discovered, businesses can be subjected to government fines on top of the ransom, which can further worsen their financial situation. 

Additionally, full compliance with the ban requires reporting incidents to authorities, which can pose a significant administrative burden to small businesses, especially those that are less accustomed to dealing with technology. Businesses are facing many challenges in the wake of a ransomware ban, which is why experts believe a comprehensive approach is needed to support them in the aftermath of this ban.

Sygnia's Senior Vice President of Global Cyber Services, Amir Becker, stressed the importance of implementing strategic measures to mitigate the unintended consequences of any ransom payment ban. It has been suggested that exemptions for critical infrastructure and the healthcare industries should be granted, since refusing to pay a ransom may lead to dire consequences, such as loss of life. Further, the government should offer incentives for organizations to strengthen their cybersecurity frameworks and response strategies by creating incentives like these.

A comprehensive financial and technical assistance program would be required to assist affected businesses in recovering without resorting to ransom payments. To address the growing ransomware threat effectively without disproportionately damaging small businesses and the broader economy, governments must adopt a balanced approach that entails enforcing stricter regulations while at the same time providing businesses with the resources they need to withstand cyberattacks.
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Malwares
Cyber Attacks cybercriminals data security Data Theft Hackers Infostealer Infostealer Malware Malware attacks Malwares

The Growing Threat of Infostealer Malware: What You Need to Know

 

Infostealer malware is becoming one of the most alarming cybersecurity threats, silently stealing sensitive data from individuals and organizations. This type of malware operates stealthily, often going undetected for long periods while extracting valuable information such as login credentials, financial details, and personal data. As cybercriminals refine their tactics, infostealer attacks have become more frequent and sophisticated, making it crucial for users to stay informed and take preventive measures. 

A significant reason for concern is the sheer scale of data theft caused by infostealers. In 2024 alone, security firm KELA reported that infostealer malware was responsible for leaking 3.9 billion passwords and infecting over 4.3 million devices worldwide. Similarly, Huntress’ 2025 Cyber Threat Report revealed that these threats accounted for 25% of all cyberattacks in the previous year. This data highlights the growing reliance of cybercriminals on infostealers as an effective method of gathering personal and corporate information for financial gain. 

Infostealers operate by quietly collecting various forms of sensitive data. This includes login credentials, browser cookies, email conversations, banking details, and even clipboard content. Some variants incorporate keylogging capabilities to capture every keystroke a victim types, while others take screenshots or exfiltrate files. Cybercriminals often use the stolen data for identity theft, unauthorized financial transactions, and large-scale corporate breaches. Because these attacks do not immediately disrupt a victim’s system, they are harder to detect, allowing attackers to extract vast amounts of information over time. Hackers distribute infostealer malware through multiple channels, making it a widespread threat. 

Phishing emails remain one of the most common methods, tricking victims into downloading infected attachments or clicking malicious links. However, attackers also embed infostealers in pirated software, fake browser extensions, and even legitimate platforms. For example, in February 2025, a game called PirateFi was uploaded to Steam and later found to contain infostealer malware, compromising hundreds of devices before it was removed. Social media platforms, such as YouTube and LinkedIn, are also being exploited to spread malicious files disguised as helpful tools or software updates. 

Beyond stealing data, infostealers serve as an entry point for larger cyberattacks. Hackers often use stolen credentials to gain unauthorized access to corporate networks, paving the way for ransomware attacks, espionage, and large-scale financial fraud. Once inside a system, attackers can escalate their access, install additional malware, and compromise more critical assets. This makes infostealer infections not just an individual threat but a major risk to businesses and entire industries.  

The prevalence of infostealer malware is expected to grow, with attackers leveraging AI to improve phishing campaigns and developing more advanced evasion techniques. According to Check Point’s 2025 Cybersecurity Report, infostealer infections surged by 58% globally, with Europe, the Middle East, and Africa experiencing some of the highest increases. The SYS01 InfoStealer campaign, for instance, impacted millions across multiple continents, showing how widespread the issue has become. 

To mitigate the risks of infostealer malware, individuals and organizations must adopt strong security practices. This includes using reliable antivirus software, enabling multi-factor authentication (MFA), and avoiding downloads from untrusted sources. Regularly updating software and monitoring network activity can also help detect and prevent infections. Given the growing threat, cybersecurity awareness and proactive defense strategies are more important than ever.
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Hacking
AI technology AI Threat CrowdStrike Cyber Security cyber threat CyberCrime cybercriminals Hacking

Cybercrime in 2025: AI-Powered Attacks, Identity Exploits, and the Rise of Nation-State Threats

 


Cybercrime has evolved beyond traditional hacking, transforming into a highly organized and sophisticated industry. In 2025, cyber adversaries — ranging from financially motivated criminals to nation-state actors—are leveraging AI, identity-based attacks, and cloud exploitation to breach even the most secure organizations. The 2025 CrowdStrike Global Threat Report highlights how cybercriminals now operate like businesses. 

One of the fastest-growing trends is Access-as-a-Service, where initial access brokers infiltrate networks and sell entry points to ransomware groups and other malicious actors. The shift from traditional malware to identity-based attacks is accelerating, with 79% of observed breaches relying on valid credentials and remote administration tools instead of malicious software. Attackers are also moving faster than ever. Breakout times—the speed at which cybercriminals move laterally within a network after breaching it—have hit a record low of just 48 minutes, with the fastest observed attack spreading in just 51 seconds. 

This efficiency is fueled by AI-driven automation, making intrusions more effective and harder to detect. AI has also revolutionized social engineering. AI-generated phishing emails now have a 54% click-through rate, compared to just 12% for human-written ones. Deepfake technology is being used to execute business email compromise scams, such as a $25.6 million fraud involving an AI-generated video. In a more alarming development, North Korean hackers have used AI to create fake LinkedIn profiles and manipulate job interviews, gaining insider access to corporate networks. 

The rise of AI in cybercrime is mirrored by the increasing sophistication of nation-state cyber operations. China, in particular, has expanded its offensive capabilities, with a 150% increase in cyber activity targeting finance, manufacturing, and media sectors. Groups like Vanguard Panda are embedding themselves within critical infrastructure networks, potentially preparing for geopolitical conflicts. 

As traditional perimeter security becomes obsolete, organizations must shift to identity-focused protection strategies. Cybercriminals are exploiting cloud vulnerabilities, leading to a 35% rise in cloud intrusions, while access broker activity has surged by 50%, demonstrating the growing value of stolen credentials. 

To combat these evolving threats, enterprises must adopt new security measures. Continuous identity monitoring, AI-driven threat detection, and cross-domain visibility are now critical. As cyber adversaries continue to innovate, businesses must stay ahead—or risk becoming the next target in this rapidly evolving digital battlefield.
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QR code security
2FA Cyber Security cybercriminals Gmail Google Google Security Tools QR code QR code security

Google to Introduce QR Codes for Gmail 2FA Amid Rising Security Concerns

 

Google is set to introduce QR codes as a replacement for SMS-based two-factor authentication (2FA) codes for Gmail users in the coming months. While this security update aims to improve authentication methods, it also raises concerns, as QR code-related scams have been increasing. Even Google’s own threat intelligence team and law enforcement agencies have warned about the risks associated with malicious QR codes. QR codes, short for Quick Response codes, were originally developed in 1994 for the Japanese automotive industry. Unlike traditional barcodes, QR codes store data in both horizontal and vertical directions, allowing them to hold more information. 

A QR code consists of several components, including finder patterns in three corners that help scanners properly align the code. The black and white squares encode data in binary format, while error correction codes ensure scanning remains possible even if part of the code is damaged. When scanned, the embedded data—often a URL—is extracted and displayed to the user. However, the ability to store and quickly access URLs makes QR codes an attractive tool for cybercriminals. Research from Cisco Talos in November 2024 found that 60% of emails containing QR codes were spam, and many included phishing links. While some emails use QR codes for legitimate purposes, such as event registrations, others trick users into revealing sensitive information. 

According to Cisco Talos researcher Jaeson Schultz, phishing attacks often use QR codes for fraudulent multi-factor authentication requests to steal login credentials. There have been multiple incidents of QR code scams in recent months. In one case, a 70-year-old woman scanned a QR code at a parking meter, believing she was paying for parking, but instead, she unknowingly subscribed to a premium gaming service. Another attack involved scammers distributing printed QR codes disguised as official government severe weather alerts, tricking users into downloading malicious software. Google itself has warned that Russian cybercriminals have exploited QR codes to target victims through the Signal app’s linked devices feature. 

Despite these risks, users can protect themselves by following basic security practices. It is essential to verify where a QR code link leads before clicking. A legitimate QR code should provide additional context, such as a recognizable company name or instructions. Physical QR codes should be checked for tampering, as attackers often place fraudulent stickers over legitimate ones. Users should also avoid downloading apps directly from QR codes and instead use official app stores. 

Additionally, QR-based payment requests in emails should be verified through a company’s official website or customer service. By exercising caution, users can mitigate the risks associated with QR codes while benefiting from their convenience.
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Shadow AI
AI Deepfakes AI threats Cyber Security cybercriminals Cybersecurity measures IABs Open Source Ransomwares Shadow AI

Emerging Cybersecurity Threats in 2025: Shadow AI, Deepfakes, and Open-Source Risks

 

Cybersecurity continues to be a growing concern as organizations worldwide face an increasing number of sophisticated attacks. In early 2024, businesses encountered an alarming 1,308 cyberattacks per week—a sharp 28% rise from the previous year. This surge highlights the rapid evolution of cyber threats and the pressing need for stronger security strategies. As technology advances, cybercriminals are leveraging artificial intelligence, exploiting open-source vulnerabilities, and using advanced deception techniques to bypass security measures. 

One of the biggest cybersecurity risks in 2025 is ransomware, which remains a persistent and highly disruptive threat. Attackers use this method to encrypt critical data, demanding payment for its release. Many cybercriminals now employ double extortion tactics, where they not only lock an organization’s files but also threaten to leak sensitive information if their demands are not met. These attacks can cripple businesses, leading to financial losses and reputational damage. The growing sophistication of ransomware groups makes it imperative for companies to enhance their defensive measures, implement regular backups, and invest in proactive threat detection systems. 

Another significant concern is the rise of Initial Access Brokers (IABs), cybercriminals who specialize in selling stolen credentials to hackers. By gaining unauthorized access to corporate systems, these brokers enable large-scale cyberattacks, making it easier for threat actors to infiltrate networks. This trend has made stolen login credentials a valuable commodity on the dark web, increasing the risk of data breaches and financial fraud. Organizations must prioritize multi-factor authentication and continuous monitoring to mitigate these risks. 

A new and rapidly growing cybersecurity challenge is the use of unauthorized artificial intelligence tools, often referred to as Shadow AI. Employees frequently adopt AI-driven applications without proper security oversight, leading to potential data leaks and vulnerabilities. In some cases, AI-powered bots have unintentionally exposed sensitive financial information due to default settings that lack robust security measures. 

As AI becomes more integrated into workplaces, businesses must establish clear policies to regulate its use and ensure proper safeguards are in place. Deepfake technology has also emerged as a major cybersecurity threat. Cybercriminals are using AI-generated deepfake videos and audio recordings to impersonate high-ranking officials and deceive employees into transferring funds or sharing confidential data. 

A recent incident involved a Hong Kong-based company losing $25 million after an employee fell victim to a deepfake video call that convincingly mimicked their CFO. This alarming development underscores the need for advanced fraud detection systems and enhanced verification protocols to prevent such scams. Open-source software vulnerabilities are another critical concern. Many businesses and government institutions rely on open-source platforms, but these systems are increasingly being targeted by attackers. Cybercriminals have infiltrated open-source projects, gaining the trust of developers before injecting malicious code. 

A notable case involved a widely used Linux tool where a contributor inserted a backdoor after gradually establishing credibility within the project. If not for a vigilant security expert, the backdoor could have remained undetected, potentially compromising millions of systems. This incident highlights the importance of stricter security audits and increased funding for open-source security initiatives. 

To address these emerging threats, organizations and governments must take proactive measures. Strengthening regulatory frameworks, investing in AI-driven threat detection, and enhancing collaboration between cybersecurity experts and policymakers will be crucial in mitigating risks. The cybersecurity landscape is evolving at an unprecedented pace, and without a proactive approach, businesses and individuals alike will remain vulnerable to increasingly sophisticated attacks.
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kiberphant0m
BSNL data breach CERT-In Critical Data cyberattack on BSNL cybercriminals Dark web marketplace Data Breach Data protection data security kiberphant0m

U.S. soldier linked to BSNL data breach: Arrest reveals cybercrime

 

The arrest of Cameron John Wagenius, a U.S. Army communications specialist, has unveiled potential connections to a significant data breach targeting India’s state-owned telecom provider, BSNL. The breach highlights the global reach of cybercrime networks and raises concerns about the security of sensitive data across continents. 

Wagenius, stationed in South Korea, was apprehended on December 20, 2023, for allegedly selling hacked data from U.S. telecom companies. According to cybersecurity experts, he may also be the individual behind the alias “kiberphant0m” on a dark web marketplace. In May 2023, “kiberphant0m” reportedly attempted to sell 278 GB of BSNL’s critical data, including subscriber details, SIM numbers, and server snapshots, for $5,000. Indian authorities confirmed that one of BSNL’s servers was breached in May 2023. 

While the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) reported the intrusion, the identity of the perpetrator remained elusive until Wagenius’s arrest. Efforts to verify the hacker’s access to BSNL servers through Telegram communication and sample data proved inconclusive. The breach exposes vulnerabilities in telecom providers’ security measures, as sensitive data such as health records, payment details, and government-issued identification was targeted. 

Additionally, Wagenius is accused of selling call records of prominent U.S. political figures and data from telecom providers across Asia. The arrest also sheds light on Wagenius’s links to a broader criminal network led by Connor Riley Moucka. Moucka and his associates reportedly breached multiple organizations, extorting millions of dollars and selling stolen data. Wagenius’s involvement with this network underscores the organized nature of cybercrime operations targeting telecom infrastructure. 

Cybersecurity researchers, including Allison Nixon of Unit 221B, identified Wagenius as the individual behind illicit sales of BSNL data. However, she clarified that these activities differ from state-sponsored cyberattacks by groups such as Salt Typhoon, a Chinese-linked advanced persistent threat actor known for targeting major U.S. telecom providers. The case has also exposed challenges in prosecuting international cybercriminals. Indian authorities have yet to file a First Information Report (FIR) or engage with U.S. counterparts on Wagenius’s case, limiting legal recourse. 

Experts suggest leveraging international treaties and cross-border collaboration to address such incidents. As the investigation unfolds, the breach serves as a stark reminder of the growing threat posed by insider actions and sophisticated cybercriminal networks. It underscores the urgent need for robust data protection measures and international cooperation to counter cybercrime.
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Smishing Scam
Cyber Security cybercriminals Data Theft Financial Theft Personal Data Shopping Scam Smishing Scam

Beware of Fake Delivery Text Scams During Holiday Shopping

 

As the holiday shopping season peaks, cybercriminals are taking advantage of the increased online activity through fake delivery text scams. Disguised as urgent notifications from couriers like USPS and FedEx, these scams aim to steal personal and financial information. USPS has issued a warning about these “smishing” attacks, highlighting their growing prevalence during this busy season.

How Fake Delivery Scams Work

A recent CNET survey shows that 66% of US adults are concerned about being scammed during the holidays, with fake delivery notifications ranking as a top threat. These fraudulent messages create urgency, urging recipients to act impulsively. According to Brian Cute of the Global Cyber Alliance, this sense of urgency is key to their success.

Victims typically receive texts claiming issues with their package and are directed to click a link to resolve them. These links lead to malicious websites designed to mimic legitimate courier services, tricking users into providing private information or downloading harmful software. The spike in online shopping makes both seasoned shoppers and those unfamiliar with these tactics potential targets.

Many scam messages stem from previous data breaches. Cybercriminals use personal information leaked on the dark web to craft convincing messages. Richard Bird of Traceable AI notes that breaches involving companies like National Public Data and Change Healthcare have exposed sensitive data of millions.

Additionally, advancements in artificial intelligence allow scammers to create highly realistic fake messages, making them harder to detect. Poor grammar, typos, and generic greetings are becoming less common in these scams, adding to their effectiveness.

How to Protect Yourself

Staying vigilant is essential to avoid falling victim to these scams. Here are some key tips:

  • Be cautious of texts or emails from unknown sources, especially those with urgent requests.
  • Verify suspicious links or messages directly on the courier’s official website.
  • Check for red flags like poor grammar, typos, or unexpected requests for payment.
  • Always confirm whether you’ve signed up for tracking notifications before clicking on links.

What to Do If You Suspect a Scam

If you believe you’ve encountered a scam, take immediate action:

  • Contact your financial institution to report potential fraud and secure your accounts.
  • Report the scam to relevant authorities such as the FCC, FTC, or FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center.
  • Use courier-specific contacts, like spam@uspis.gov for USPS or abuse@fedex.com for FedEx.

Consider freezing your credit to prevent unauthorized access to your financial data. Monitor your bank statements regularly for unusual activity. For added security, identity theft protection services bundled with cybersecurity tools can help detect and prevent misuse of your information.

Awareness and vigilance are your best defenses against fake delivery text scams. By following these tips and staying informed, you can shop with confidence and protect yourself from falling prey to cybercriminals this holiday season.

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spyware and malware
Cyber Attacks cybercriminals data security Data Theft NCC Group Ransomware attack Ransomwares Spyware spyware and malware

Ymir Ransomware: A Rising Threat in the Cybersecurity Landscape

 

The evolving threat landscape continues to present new challenges, with NCC Group’s latest Threat Pulse report uncovering the emergence of Ymir ransomware. This new ransomware strain showcases the growing collaboration among cybercriminals to execute highly sophisticated attacks.

First documented during the summer of 2024, Ymir initiates its attack cycle by deploying RustyStealer, an infostealer designed to extract credentials and serve as a spyware dropper. Ymir then enters its locker phase, executing swiftly to avoid detection. According to an analysis by Kaspersky, based on an attack in Colombia, Ymir’s ransomware locker employs a configurable, victim-tailored approach, focusing on a single-extortion model, where data is encrypted but not stolen.

Unlike many modern ransomware groups, Ymir’s operators lack a dedicated leak site for stolen data, further distinguishing them. Linguistic analysis of the code revealed Lingala language strings, suggesting a possible connection to Central Africa. However, experts remain divided on whether Ymir operates independently or collaborates with other threat actors.

Blurred Lines Between Criminal and State-Sponsored Activities

Matt Hull, NCC Group’s Head of Threat Intelligence, emphasized the challenges of attribution in modern cybercrime, noting that blurred lines between criminal groups and state-sponsored actors often complicate motivations. Geopolitical tensions are a driving factor behind these dynamic threat patterns, as highlighted by the UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).

Ransomware Trends and Global Incidents

Recent incidents exemplify this evolving threat landscape:

  • The KillSec hacktivist group transitioned into ransomware operations.
  • Ukraine’s Cyber Anarchy Squad launched destructive attacks targeting Russian organizations.
  • North Korea’s Jumpy Pisces APT collaborated with the Play ransomware gang.
  • The Turk Hack Team attacked Philippine organizations using leaked LockBit 3.0 lockers.

NCC Group’s report indicates a 16% rise in ransomware incidents in November 2024, with 565 attacks recorded. The industrial sector remains the most targeted, followed by consumer discretionary and IT. Geographically, Europe and North America experienced the highest number of incidents. Akira ransomware overtook RansomHub as the most active group during this period.

State-Backed Threats and Infrastructure Risks

State-backed cyber groups continue to escalate their operations:

  • Sandworm, a Russian APT recently reclassified as APT44, has intensified attacks on Ukrainian and European energy infrastructure.
  • As winter deepens, threats to critical national infrastructure (CNI) heighten global concerns.

Ransomware is evolving into a multipurpose tool, used by hacktivists to fund operations or to obfuscate advanced persistent threats (APTs). With its trajectory pointing to continued growth and sophistication in 2025, heightened vigilance and proactive measures will be essential to mitigate these risks.

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Visual Studio Code
CyberCrime cybercriminals Cyberespionage Operation Cyberhackers CyberThreat Data Breach IT Service Operation Digital Eyes Visual Studio Code

Operation Digital Eye Reveals Cybersecurity Breach

 


It has been recently reported that a Chinese group of Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) has carried out a sophisticated cyberespionage operation dubbed "Operation Digital Eye" against the United States.  Between the end of June and the middle of July 2030, a campaign targeting large business-to-business (B2B) IT service providers in southern Europe between late June and mid-July 2024 was reported by Aleksandar Milenkoski, Senior Threat Researcher at SentinelLabs, and Luigi Martire, Senior Malware Analyst at Tinexta Cyber. 

Several threats are targeting business-to-business IT service providers in southern Europe, according to Tinexta Cyber and SentinelLabs, both of which have been tracking these activities. As a result of assessing the malware, infrastructure, techniques used, victimology, and timing of the activities, it has been concluded that there is a high likelihood that a cyberespionage actor of the China nexus conducted these attacks. 

A group of Chinese hackers has been observed utilizing Visual Studio Code (VSCode) tunnels to maintain persistent remote access to compromised systems at large IT service providers in Southern Europe. There is no information regarding which hacker group aligned with China is behind the attacks at this time, which is complicated by the fact that many of those aligned with the East Asian nation share a multitude of toolsets and infrastructure. 

VS Code is the latest version of Microsoft's code editor that is optimized for building and debugging modern web and cloud applications that utilize modern web technologies. VS Code is a lightweight but feature-rich source code editor that runs on your desktop and is available for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux clients. It is available on most major platforms. In addition to these built-in support technologies, it also comes with a rich ecosystem of extensions that can be used with other languages and runtimes, including JavaScript, TypeScript, and Node.js. According to companies, most breaching chains that firms observe entail using SQL injections as a first point of access for breaching systems connected to the internet, such as web applications and databases. 

To inject code into the target computer, a legitimate penetration testing tool called SQLmap was used. This tool made it possible to detect and exploit SQL injection flaws automatically. Following gaining access to the system, PHPsert was deployed, which was a PHP-based web shell that would allow them to execute commands remotely or to introduce additional payloads once they fully established access. To move laterally, the attackers used RDP and pass-the-hash attacks to migrate from one target to another, specifically using a custom version of Mimikatz ('bK2o.exe') in addition to RDP. 

Using the 'WINSW' tool, the hackers installed a portable, legitimate version of Visual Studio Code on the compromised computers ('code.exe') and set it up as a persistent Windows service to make sure it would run on every device. VSCode was configured with the tunnel parameter, enabling remote development access on the machine, and then the tunnel parameter was configured to be enabled by default. Visual Studio Code tunnels are a feature of Microsoft's Remote Development feature. 

This feature allows VSCode developers to select files on remote systems for editing and working via Visual Studio Code's remote servers. As a powerful development tool, RemoteDeveloper allows developers to run commands and access the file systems of remote devices, which makes it a viable option for developers. With the use of Microsoft Azure infrastructure for the tunnel creation and the signing of executables, trustworthy access to the network can be assured. 

"Operation Digital Eye" illustrates the concept of lateral movement using techniques linked to a single vendor or a "digital quartermaster" operating within the Chinese APT ecosystem in the form of lateral movement. During the study, the researchers discovered that the attackers used Visual Studio Code and Microsoft Azure for command-and-control (C2) to evade detection, which they considered to be a matter of good judgment. 

There has never been an observation of a suspected Chinese APT group using Visual Studio Code for C2 operations before, signalling a significant change in what China is doing about APTs. According to recent research conducted by Unit 42, it has been discovered that Stately Taurus has been abusing popular web development software Visual Studio Code in its espionage operations targeting government organizations in Southeast Asia. Defending the Chinese government from attacks by Stately Taurus, a group of advanced persistent threats (APTs) involved in cyber espionage. It seems that this threat actor relied on Microsoft's Visual Studio Code embedded reverse shell feature to gain an entry point into the target network. 

An expert in the field of security discovered this technique as recently as 2023, which is relatively new. Even though European countries and China have complex ties, there is also a great deal of cooperation, competition, and undercurrent tension in areas like trade, investment, and technology, due to the complex relationships between them. China-linked cyber espionage groups target public and private organizations across Europe sporadically to gather strategic intelligence, gain competitive advantages, as well as advance the geopolitical, economic, and technological interests of China. 

In the summer of 2024, a coordinated attack campaign dubbed Operation Digital Eye was carried out by Russian intelligence services, lasting approximately three weeks from late June to mid-July 2024. As a result of the targeted organizations' capabilities to manage data, infrastructure, and cybersecurity for a wide range of clients across various industries, they are prime targets for cyberespionage activities.

As part of Operation Digital Eye, researchers highlight how Chinese cyberespionage groups continue to pose an ongoing threat to European entities, with these actors continuing to use high-value targets as targets of espionage. Even though the campaign emphasizes the strategic nature of this threat, it is important to realize that when attackers breach organizations that provide data, infrastructure, and cybersecurity services to other industries, they gain access to the digital supply chain, allowing them to extend their influence to downstream companies. 

This exploit relies on SSH and Visual Studio Code Remote Tunnels, which were used by the attackers to execute remote commands on their compromised endpoints by using their GitHub accounts as authentication credentials and connections. By using the browser-based version of Visual Studio Code ("vscode[.]dev"), they were able to access the compromised endpoints. Despite this, it remains unclear whether the threat actors used freshly created GitHub accounts to authenticate their access to the tunnels or if they had already compromised GitHub accounts. 

In addition to mimicking, several other aspects point to a Chinese presence, including the presence of simplified Chinese comments within PHPsert, the fact that M247 provides the infrastructure for this server, and the fact that Visual Studio Code is being used as a backdoor, the last of which has been attributed to the actor who portrayed Mustang Panda. The investigation uncovered that the threat actors associated with Operation Digital Eye demonstrated a notable pattern of activity within the networks of targeted organizations. 

Their operations were predominantly aligned with conventional working hours in China, spanning from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. CST. This consistent timing hints at a structured and deliberate approach, likely coordinated with broader operational schedules. One of the standout features of this campaign was the observed lateral movement within compromised environments. This capability was traced back to custom modifications of Mimikatz, a tool that has been leveraged in earlier cyberespionage activities. 

These tailored adjustments suggest the potential involvement of centralized entities, often referred to as digital quartermasters or shared vendors, within the ecosystem of Chinese Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs). These centralized facilitators play a pivotal role in sustaining and enhancing the effectiveness of cyberespionage campaigns. 

By providing a steady stream of updated tools and refined tactics, they ensure threat actors remain adaptable and ready to exploit vulnerabilities in new targets. Their involvement underscores the strategic sophistication and collaborative infrastructure underlying such operations, highlighting the continuous evolution of capabilities aimed at achieving espionage objectives.
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voice API
AI Security bank transfer fraud ChatGPT-4o Credential Theft cybercriminals Deepfake financial scams OpenAI Technology text-to-speech tools voice API

UIUC Researchers Expose Security Risks in OpenAI's Voice-Enabled ChatGPT-4o API, Revealing Potential for Financial Scams

 

Researchers recently revealed that OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4o voice API could be exploited by cybercriminals for financial scams, showing some success despite moderate limitations. This discovery has raised concerns about the misuse potential of this advanced language model.

ChatGPT-4o, OpenAI’s latest AI model, offers new capabilities, combining text, voice, and vision processing. These updates are supported by security features aimed at detecting and blocking malicious activity, including unauthorized voice replication.

Voice-based scams have become a significant threat, further exacerbated by deepfake technology and advanced text-to-speech tools. Despite OpenAI’s security measures, researchers from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) demonstrated how these protections could still be circumvented, highlighting risks of abuse by cybercriminals.

Researchers Richard Fang, Dylan Bowman, and Daniel Kang emphasized that current AI tools may lack sufficient restrictions to prevent misuse. They pointed out the risk of large-scale scams using automated voice generation, which reduces the need for human effort and keeps operational costs low.

Their study examined a variety of scams, including unauthorized bank transfers, gift card fraud, cryptocurrency theft, and social media credential theft. Using ChatGPT-4o’s voice capabilities, the researchers automated key actions like navigation, data input, two-factor authentication, and following specific scam instructions.

To bypass ChatGPT-4o’s data protection filters, the team used prompt “jailbreaking” techniques, allowing the AI to handle sensitive information. They simulated interactions with ChatGPT-4o by acting as gullible victims, testing the feasibility of different scams on real websites.

By manually verifying each transaction, such as those on Bank of America’s site, they found varying success rates. For example, Gmail credential theft was successful 60% of the time, while crypto-related scams succeeded in about 40% of attempts.

Cost analysis showed that carrying out these scams was relatively inexpensive, with successful cases averaging $0.75. More complex scams, like unauthorized bank transfers, cost around $2.51—still low compared to the potential profits such scams might yield.

OpenAI responded by emphasizing that their upcoming model, o1-preview, includes advanced safeguards to prevent this type of misuse. OpenAI claims that this model significantly outperforms GPT-4o in resisting unsafe content generation and handling adversarial prompts.

OpenAI also highlighted the importance of studies like UIUC’s for enhancing ChatGPT’s defenses. They noted that GPT-4o already restricts voice replication to pre-approved voices and that newer models are undergoing stringent evaluations to increase robustness against malicious use.
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Online Security
cookie theft Cookies Cyber Security cybercriminals FBI Hacking https MFA Bypass Online Security

FBI Warns of Cybercriminals Stealing Cookies to Bypass Security

 

Cybercriminals are now targeting cookies, specifically the “remember-me” type, to gain unauthorized access to email accounts. These small files store login information for ease of access, helping users bypass multi-factor authentication (MFA). However, when a hacker obtains these cookies, they can use them to circumvent security layers and take control of accounts. The FBI has alerted the public, noting that hackers often obtain these cookies through phishing links or malicious websites that embed harmful software on devices. Cookies allow websites to retain login details, avoiding repeated authentication. 

By exploiting them, hackers effectively skip the need for usernames, passwords, or MFA, thus streamlining the process for unauthorized entry. This is particularly concerning as MFA typically acts as a crucial security measure against unwanted access. But when hackers use the “remember-me” cookies, this layer becomes ineffective, making it an appealing route for cybercriminals. A primary concern is that many users unknowingly share these cookies by clicking phishing links or accessing unsecured sites. Cybercriminals then capitalize on these actions, capturing cookies from compromised devices to access email accounts and other sensitive areas. 

This type of attack is less detectable because it bypasses traditional security notifications or alerts for suspicious login attempts, providing hackers with direct, uninterrupted access to accounts. To combat this, the FBI recommends practical steps, including regularly clearing browser cookies, which removes saved login data and can interrupt unauthorized access. Another strong precaution is to avoid questionable links and sites, as they often disguise harmful software. Additionally, users should confirm that the websites they visit are secure, checking for HTTPS in the URL, which signals a more protected connection. 

Monitoring login histories on email and other sensitive accounts is another defensive action. Keeping an eye on recent activity can help users identify unusual login patterns or locations, alerting them to possible breaches. If unexpected entries appear, changing passwords and re-enabling MFA is advisable. Taking these actions collectively strengthens an account’s defenses, reducing the chance of cookie-based intrusions. While “remember-me” cookies bring convenience, their risks in today’s cyber landscape are notable. 

The FBI’s warning underlines the importance of digital hygiene—frequently clearing cookies, avoiding dubious sites, and practicing careful online behavior are essential habits to safeguard personal information.
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Technology
Cyberattacks cybercriminals Cybersecurity CyberThreat Federal Agencies Lazarus Groups North Korean Technology

Federal Agencies Move Against North Korea’s Cybercrime Profits

 


The media have reported that the US government has filed yet another lawsuit to recover nearly $2.69 million worth of stolen digital assets from North Korea's notorious Lazarus hacking group. It was filed on October 4, 2024, and concerns funds taken from two of the largest cryptocurrency heists in 2022 and 2023: the Deribit hack and the Stake.com hack. 

Court documents indicate that the police are pursuing about $1.7 million from the options exchange Deribit in an incident that resulted in a loss of $28 million, which is the amount of Tether (USDT) that was stolen. First of all, we have to deal with a lawsuit filed by a North Korean criminal group relating to the 2022 Deribit hack that saw nearly $28 million drained from the hot wallet of the cryptocurrency exchange. 

For covert purposes, the crooks attempted to launder the money through a combination of virtual currency exchanges, the Tornado Cash mixer, and virtual currency bridges as a means of obscuring their identity. It was thought that the hackers were concealing their actions and laundering the stolen money by using the Tornado Cash mixer and multiple Ethereum addresses that were used by the hackers. 

Avalanche-bridged-Bitcoins (BTC.b) are also being sought by the government as compensation for the loss of revenues from a $4.1 million hacking of the Stake.com gambling platform, which led to a loss of 970,000 Avalanche-bridged-Bitcoins (BTC.b). In these cases, we have only seen a few examples of the alleged activities of the Lazarus Group when it comes to cybercrime. Several blockchain analysts have also implicated this group in the hacking of WazirX in July 2024, which ultimately led to victims losing an estimated $235 million to the hacker group. 

According to a report published by ZackXBT, a blockchain research and investigative team in August, North Korean developers were suspected of hacking into at least 25 cryptocurrencies using fake identities, modifying the code, and taking directly from their Treasury accounts with the use of fake identities. Recently, the FBI has been stepping up its warnings regarding the activities of the Lazarus Group in a bid to alert citizens. 

A report by The Electronic Frontier Foundation on September 20, 2024, exposed some of the highly sophisticated social engineering techniques used by the cybercrime group. These techniques may include cunningly constructed fake job offers, which have been designed to trick users into downloading malicious software masquerading as employment documents to steal data from their computers. 

Approximately a year after the Lazarus Group, an online gambling and casino site, was alleged to have stolen $41 million from Stake.com, it has again been reported. As a result of that heist, a second lawsuit has been filed against the thief. It was discovered that North Koreans and their money laundering co-conspirators stole roughly tens of millions of dollars worth of virtual currency by hacking into Stake.com's computer systems. 

It is explained in the forfeiture action notes [PDF] that the stolen funds were transferred through virtual currency bridges, multiple BTC addresses, and virtual currency mixers before consolidation and depositing at various virtual currency exchanges were conducted. The Lazarus Group moved this stolen cryptocurrency through Bitcoin mixers Sinbad and Yonmix, which were used to handle the move. In the aftermath of the North Korean heist, Sinbad has been sanctioned by the US government because he laundered millions of dollars in return for the money. 

According to court documents, law enforcement was able to freeze assets from seven transactions. However, the North Koreans were able to transfer a majority of the stolen funds to the Bitcoin blockchain to avoid being tracked, the documents say. The FBI recovered another .099 BTC, or approximately $6,270, from another exchange in a further investigation.
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