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Ransomwares
Cyberattack Data Breach Data Leak data security Employee Data Healthcare Interlock gang Interlock ransomware Kettering Health Ransomware attack Ransomware group Ransomwares

Kettering Health Ransomware Attack Linked to Interlock Group

 

Kettering Health, a prominent healthcare network based in Ohio, is still grappling with the aftermath of a disruptive ransomware attack that forced the organization to shut down its computer systems. The cyberattack, which occurred in mid-May 2025, affected operations across its hospitals, clinics, and medical centers. Now, two weeks later, the ransomware gang Interlock has officially taken responsibility for the breach, claiming to have exfiltrated more than 940 gigabytes of data.  

Interlock, an emerging cybercriminal group active since September 2024, has increasingly focused on targeting U.S.-based healthcare providers. When CNN first reported on the incident on May 20, Interlock had not yet confirmed its role, suggesting that ransom negotiations may have been in progress. With the group now openly taking credit and releasing some of the stolen data on its dark web site, it appears those negotiations either failed or stalled. 

Kettering Health has maintained a firm position that they are against paying ransoms. John Weimer, senior vice president of emergency operations, previously stated that no ransom had been paid. Despite this, the data breach appears extensive. Information shared by Interlock indicates that sensitive files were accessed, including private patient records and internal documents. Patient information such as names, identification numbers, medical histories, medications, and mental health notes were among the compromised data. 

The breach also impacted employee data, with files from shared network drives also exposed. One particularly concerning element involves files tied to Kettering Health’s in-house police department. Some documents reportedly include background checks, polygraph results, and personally identifiable details of law enforcement staff—raising serious privacy and safety concerns. In a recent public update, Kettering Health announced a key development in its recovery process. 

The organization confirmed it had restored core functionalities of its electronic health record (EHR) system, which is provided by healthcare technology firm Epic. Officials described this restoration as a significant step toward resuming normal operations, allowing teams to access patient records, coordinate care, and communicate effectively across departments once again. The full scope of the breach and the long-term consequences for affected individuals still remains uncertain. 

Meanwhile, Kettering Health has yet to comment on whether Interlock’s claims are fully accurate. The healthcare system is working closely with cybersecurity professionals and law enforcement agencies to assess the extent of the intrusion and prevent further damage.
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Ransomwares
Customer Data Cyberattack Data Breach Data Leak data security Personal Information personal information exposure Qilin Qilin Ransomware Ransomware attack Ransomware group Ransomwares

Lee Enterprises Ransomware Attack Exposes Data of 40,000 Individuals

 

Lee Enterprises, a major U.S. news publisher, is alerting nearly 40,000 individuals about a data breach following a ransomware attack that took place in early February 2025. The company, which owns and operates 77 daily newspapers and hundreds of weekly and special-interest publications across 26 states, reported that the cyberattack resulted in the theft of personal information belonging to thousands of people. 

Details of the breach were revealed in a recent disclosure to the Maine Attorney General’s office. According to the company, the attackers gained unauthorized access to internal documents on February 3, 2025. These files contained combinations of personal identifiers such as names, Social Security numbers, driver’s license details, bank account information, medical data, and health insurance policy numbers. The security incident caused widespread operational disruptions. 

Following the attack, Lee Enterprises was forced to shut down multiple parts of its IT infrastructure, impacting both the printing and delivery of its newspapers. Several internal tools and systems became inaccessible, including virtual private networks and cloud storage services, complicating daily workflows across its local newsrooms. In a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission shortly after the breach, the company confirmed that critical systems had been encrypted and that a portion of its data had been copied by the attackers. 

The source of the attack is yet to be identified, a group known as Qilin has allegedly claimed responsibility near the end of February. The group alleged it had stolen over 120,000 internal files, totaling 350 gigabytes, and threatened to publish the material unless their demands were met. Soon after, Qilin posted a sample of the stolen data to a dark web leak site, which included scans of government-issued IDs, financial spreadsheets, contracts, and other confidential records. The group also listed Lee Enterprises as a victim on its public-facing extortion portal. 

When asked about the authenticity of the leaked data, a spokesperson for Lee Enterprises stated the company was aware of the claims and was actively investigating. This is not the first cybersecurity issue Lee Enterprises has faced. The company’s network was previously targeted by foreign actors during the lead-up to the 2020 U.S. presidential election, where hackers from Iran allegedly attempted to use compromised media outlets to spread disinformation. 

The ransomware attack highlights ongoing threats facing media companies, especially those handling high volumes of personal and financial data. As Lee Enterprises continues its recovery and legal steps, the incident serves as a reminder of the need for robust digital defenses in today’s information-driven landscape.
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Ransomwares
Advanced Social Engineering Cyber Attacks cybercriminal group data security FBI FBI cybersecurity advisory Law Firms Luna Moth phishing techniques ransomware attacks Ransomwares

FBI Warns of Silent Ransom Group Using Phishing and Vishing to Target U.S. Law Firms

 

The FBI has issued a warning about a sophisticated cybercriminal group known as the Silent Ransom Group (SRG), also referred to by aliases like Luna Moth, Chatty Spider, and UNC3753. This group has been actively targeting U.S.-based law firms and related organizations through advanced phishing techniques and social engineering scams. The group, which has been operational since 2022, is known for using deceptive communication methods to gain unauthorized access to corporate systems and extract sensitive legal data for ransom demands. In the past, SRG’s activities spanned across industries such as healthcare and insurance. 

However, since the spring of 2023, its focus has shifted to legal entities, likely because of the highly confidential nature of the data managed by law firms. The group commonly uses a method called callback phishing, also known as reverse vishing. In this approach, victims receive emails that appear to originate from reputable companies and warn them of small charges for fake subscriptions. The emails prompt users to call a phone number to cancel the subscription. During these calls, victims are instructed to download remote access software under the guise of resolving the issue. Once the software is installed, SRG gains control of the victim’s device, searches for valuable data, and uses it to demand ransom.  

In March 2025, SRG has adapted their strategy to include voice phishing or vishing. In this new approach, the attackers call employees directly, posing as internal IT staff. These fraudulent callers attempt to convince their targets to join remote access sessions, often under the pretext of performing necessary overnight maintenance. Once inside the system, the attackers move swiftly to locate and exfiltrate data using tools like WinSCP or a disguised version of Rclone. Notably, SRG does not prioritize escalating privileges, instead focusing on immediate data theft. The FBI noted that these voice phishing methods have already resulted in multiple successful breaches. 

SRG reportedly continues to apply pressure during ransom negotiations by making follow-up calls to victim organizations. While the group does maintain a public site for releasing stolen data, its use of this platform is inconsistent, and it does not always follow through on threats to leak information. A significant concern surrounding these attacks is the difficulty in detection. SRG uses legitimate system management and remote access tools, which are often overlooked by traditional antivirus software. The FBI advises organizations to remain vigilant, particularly if there are unexplained downloads of programs such as AnyDesk, Zoho Assist, or Splashtop, or if staff receive unexpected calls from alleged IT personnel. 

In response, the FBI urges companies to bolster cybersecurity training, establish clear protocols for authenticating internal IT requests, and enforce two-factor authentication across all employee accounts. Victims of SRG attacks are encouraged to share any information that might assist in ongoing investigations, including ransom communications, caller details, and cryptocurrency wallet data.
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ScatteredSpider
Co-op customer data compromise Cyber Attacks cyber intrusion data security DragonForce DragonForce Ransomware Group Malware. Scattered Spider Marks & Spencer ransomware attacks Ransomwares ScatteredSpider

Scattered Spider Cyberattack Cripples M&S, Co-op: DragonForce Ransomware Causes Weeks-Long Disruption

 

Weeks after a significant cyberattack disrupted operations at major British retailers, companies like Marks & Spencer (M&S) and Co-op are still struggling to restore full functionality. Despite public reassurances, the scope of the attack is proving more serious than initially acknowledged. M&S CEO Stuart Machin recently confirmed that personal customer data had been accessed, prompting the company to require password resets for online accounts. Online orders on the M&S website remain suspended weeks after the breach, and no clear timeline has been offered for full recovery. 

The attack first became public on April 25 when M&S halted its online operations due to a cyber intrusion. Within days, Co-op revealed it had also been targeted in an attempted hack, which disrupted several services. Harrods, another luxury retailer, was also reportedly affected during this wave of cyberattacks. While M&S is still unable to process online sales, Co-op has only just resumed stocking its shelves, and both companies remain silent about when operations might return to normal. Government officials have weighed in on the seriousness of the incident. 

Cabinet Office Minister Pat McFadden called the attack a “wake-up call” for British businesses, highlighting the urgent need for enhanced cybersecurity protocols. Financial losses have been steep. M&S is reportedly losing £3.5 million per day while its website remains offline, and its stock has dropped by an estimated half a billion pounds in market value. Co-op also disclosed that customer data had been compromised, and they experienced issues with card payments at the height of the disruption. 

Investigations suggest the cybercriminal group known as Scattered Spider is responsible. Known for targeting large enterprises, the group is believed to have used a ransomware strain called DragonForce to paralyze systems. According to cybersecurity experts, the attackers may have exploited unpatched vulnerabilities and misconfigured systems to gain entry. Reports indicate they employed SIM-swapping tactics to hijack phone numbers and impersonate employees, fooling IT help desks into granting system access. Once inside, the hackers are believed to have compromised Microsoft Active Directory—a central hub that connects internal networks—potentially gaining access to crucial files and passwords. 

Though it’s unlikely they decrypted these password files directly, the level of access would have allowed them to severely disrupt internal systems. Experts say this level of infiltration can cripple multiple areas of a business, making recovery extremely challenging without a full rebuild of core IT infrastructure. One reason for the prolonged disruption may be that both M&S and Co-op chose not to pay the ransom, in line with UK government advice. While this decision aligns with best practices to avoid funding cybercrime, it also means recovery will take significantly longer. 

Despite the chaos, M&S has emphasized that no payment information or account passwords were compromised. The company is urging customers to reset their passwords for peace of mind and has provided guidelines on staying safe online. Co-op has resumed deliveries to most of its stores but acknowledged that some shelves may still lack regular stock. Empty shelves and apology signs have appeared across affected stores, as customers share their frustrations online. 

This incident underscores the growing threat posed by sophisticated cybercriminals and the urgent need for companies to prioritize cybersecurity. From exploiting human error to using advanced ransomware tools, the tactics are evolving, and so must the defenses.
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Sensitive data
Cloud Security Cyber Attacks Data Theft Employee Training enterprise cybersecurity fake ads Malicious Ads ransomware attacks Ransomwares Sensitive data

Employee Monitoring Tool Kickidler Targeted in Ransomware Attacks

 

Cybersecurity researchers have discovered that cybercriminals are misusing a legitimate employee monitoring tool called Kickidler to execute targeted ransomware attacks. Originally developed to help businesses track productivity and ensure compliance, Kickidler offers features like real-time screen monitoring, keystroke logging, and activity tracking—functionalities that have now become attractive tools for threat actors. Security firms Varonis and Synacktiv have reported observing these attacks actively taking place. 

The attack campaign begins with malicious advertisements placed on the Google Ads network. These ads are cleverly designed to trick users searching for a legitimate utility called RVTools—a free Windows application used to connect to VMware vCenter or ESXi environments. Victims are lured into downloading a trojanized version of RVTools, which secretly installs a backdoor named SMOKEDHAM. Once SMOKEDHAM gains access to the system, attackers use it to deploy Kickidler, with a focus on targeting enterprise administrators. 

By infiltrating admin machines, the attackers can monitor keystrokes and capture sensitive data, such as credentials for off-site backups or cloud platforms. This method allows them to bypass more secure authentication systems that are often separated from Windows domains, a common defense strategy in many organizations. According to the researchers, the ransomware groups Qilin and Hunters International have been leveraging this approach to expand their reach within enterprise networks. 

These groups appear to be focusing on cloud backup systems and VMware ESXi infrastructure. Hunters International, in particular, was observed using VMware PowerCLI and WinSCP Automation tools to enable SSH access, deploy ransomware, and execute it on ESXi servers. Their payloads encrypted VMDK virtual hard disks, disrupting operations and access to virtual environments. 

One of the most concerning aspects of this campaign is how stealthily it operates. By capturing data directly from administrators’ screens and inputs, the attackers avoid using higher-risk tactics like memory dumps or privilege escalation, which are more likely to be flagged by security systems. The misuse of Kickidler demonstrates a growing trend of cybercriminals weaponizing legitimate enterprise tools to bypass traditional defenses and maintain stealth within targeted networks. 

These attacks highlight the need for increased vigilance around software downloads, especially from third-party sources, and reinforce the importance of strong endpoint protection, regular software audits, and employee awareness training. 

As cyberattacks grow more sophisticated, defenders must adapt by tightening controls, decoupling critical system access from everyday credentials, and monitoring for unusual activity—even from tools considered safe.
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Ransomwares
agentic AI AI Agent AI technology AI threats AI tools Cyber Security Cybersecurity Threats IABs Malicious Code Ransomwares

Agentic AI and Ransomware: How Autonomous Agents Are Reshaping Cybersecurity Threats

 

A new generation of artificial intelligence—known as agentic AI—is emerging, and it promises to fundamentally change how technology is used. Unlike generative AI, which mainly responds to prompts, agentic AI operates independently, solving complex problems and making decisions without direct human input. While this leap in autonomy brings major benefits for businesses, it also introduces serious risks, especially in the realm of cybersecurity. Security experts warn that agentic AI could significantly enhance the capabilities of ransomware groups. 

These autonomous agents can analyze, plan, and execute tasks on their own, making them ideal tools for attackers seeking to automate and scale their operations. As agentic AI evolves, it is poised to alter the cyber threat landscape, potentially enabling more efficient and harder-to-detect ransomware attacks. In contrast to the early concerns raised in 2022 with the launch of tools like ChatGPT, which mainly helped attackers draft phishing emails or debug malicious code, agentic AI can operate in real time and adapt to complex environments. This allows cybercriminals to offload traditionally manual processes like lateral movement, system enumeration, and target prioritization. 

Currently, ransomware operators often rely on Initial Access Brokers (IABs) to breach networks, then spend time manually navigating internal systems to deploy malware. This process is labor-intensive and prone to error, often leading to incomplete or failed attacks. Agentic AI, however, removes many of these limitations. It can independently identify valuable targets, choose the most effective attack vectors, and adjust to obstacles—all without human direction. These agents may also dramatically reduce the time required to carry out a successful ransomware campaign, compressing what once took weeks into mere minutes. 

In practice, agentic AI can discover weak points in a network, bypass defenses, deploy malware, and erase evidence of the intrusion—all in a single automated workflow. However, just as agentic AI poses a new challenge for cybersecurity, it also offers potential defensive benefits. Security teams could deploy autonomous AI agents to monitor networks, detect anomalies, or even create decoy systems that mislead attackers. 

While agentic AI is not yet widely deployed by threat actors, its rapid development signals an urgent need for organizations to prepare. To stay ahead, companies should begin exploring how agentic AI can be integrated into their defense strategies. Being proactive now could mean the difference between falling behind or successfully countering the next wave of ransomware threats.
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SentinelOne
Babuk Babuk Ransomware critical vulnerabilities Cyber Security cybercriminals EDR Ransomware attack Ransomwares SentinelOne

SentinelOne EDR Exploit Allows Babuk Ransomware Deployment Through Installer Abuse

 

A newly discovered exploit has revealed a critical vulnerability in SentinelOne’s endpoint detection and response (EDR) system, allowing cybercriminals to bypass its tamper protection and deploy the Babuk ransomware. The method, identified as a “Bring Your Own Installer” technique, was uncovered by John Ailes and Tim Mashni from Aon’s Stroz Friedberg Incident Response team during a real-world ransomware case investigation. 


The core issue lies in how the SentinelOne agent handles updates. When an agent is upgraded, the existing version is momentarily stopped to make way for the new one. Threat actors have figured out how to exploit this transition window by launching a legitimate SentinelOne installer and then terminating it mid-process. This action disables the EDR protection temporarily, leaving the system vulnerable long enough to install ransomware or execute malicious operations without being detected.  

Unlike traditional bypasses that rely on third-party drivers or hacking tools, this method takes advantage of SentinelOne’s own software. Once the process is interrupted, the system loses its protection, allowing the attackers to act with impunity. Ailes stressed that the bypass can be triggered using both older and newer agent versions, putting even up-to-date deployments at risk if specific configuration settings are not enabled. During their investigation, the team observed how the targeted device disappeared from the SentinelOne management console shortly after the exploit was executed, signaling that the endpoint had become unmonitored. 

The attack was effective across multiple versions of the software, indicating that the exploit isn’t tied to a particular release. To mitigate this risk, SentinelOne recommends activating a feature called “Online Authorization” (also referred to as Local Upgrade Authorization). This setting ensures that any attempt to upgrade, downgrade, or uninstall the agent must first be approved via the SentinelOne management console. 

Although this option exists, it is not enabled by default for existing customers, largely to maintain compatibility with deployment tools like Microsoft’s System Center Configuration Manager. Since the vulnerability was disclosed, SentinelOne has taken steps to notify customers and is now enabling the protective setting by default for new installations. 

The company also confirmed sharing the findings with other major EDR providers, recognizing that similar techniques could potentially impact their platforms as well. While the current exploit does not affect SentinelOne when configured correctly, the case serves as a stark reminder of the importance of security hardening, particularly in the tools meant to defend against sophisticated threats.
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Ransomwares
Cyber Attacks data security Data Theft Hacker attack Pharmaceutical Firms Ransom Demand Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Pune-Based Biopharma Company Hit by Ransomware Attack, Hackers Demand $80,000

 

A multinational biopharmaceutical company based in Pune has fallen victim to a sophisticated ransomware attack, with cybercriminals encrypting vital data and demanding $80,000 (over Rs 68 lakh) for its release. The attackers have also threatened to leak the stolen proprietary data on the dark web if the ransom is not paid, according to local police authorities. 

The incident came to light when a senior executive from the company’s Pune office lodged a complaint at the Cyber Crime Police Station of Pimpri Chinchwad on Monday evening. The attack was first identified on Sunday afternoon, prompting immediate concern due to the sensitivity of the data involved. According to initial investigations by cybercrime officials, the breach is believed to have occurred through a compromised endpoint device—most likely via a phishing email containing a malicious link. 

Once the attackers gained access to the internal network, they deployed ransomware to the company’s main server and extended it to more than a dozen connected servers. Sensitive data, including proprietary pharmaceutical formulations, manufacturing protocols, and confidential business documents, was then encrypted and locked. 

“A preliminary probe suggests that vulnerabilities in the company’s cybersecurity setup allowed the attackers to infiltrate its systems,” an officer from the Cyber Police Station said. “Unfortunately, a significant portion of the critical data was not backed up offline, leaving the organization exposed to potential data loss if the ransom is not paid.” The hackers have made it clear that if their ransom demand of $80,000 is not met, the stolen data will be sold on the dark web. 

So far, the company has not paid the ransom, and authorities are currently analyzing IP logs and other digital evidence to trace the origin of the attack. Cybercrime investigators have urged all businesses to strengthen their cybersecurity measures, including regularly backing up data offline, updating firewall configurations, and educating employees about phishing threats. “This incident is a wake-up call for organizations to prioritize robust digital security,” the officer added.  

Deputy Commissioner of Police (Crime) Sandeep Doiphode emphasized the growing need for enterprises to invest in both technology and skilled cybersecurity personnel. “This case underlines the urgent necessity for companies to stay ahead of evolving threats through both infrastructure and human resource development,” he said. Police also noted that ransomware attacks typically use phishing emails and exploit weak security protocols. Payments are often demanded in cryptocurrency, making the attackers harder to trace. 

The investigation remains ongoing.
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Rhysida ransomware gang
Data Breach Data Leak Extortion Ransomware attack Ransomware group Ransomwares Rhysida Rhysida Ransomware Rhysida ransomware gang

Rhysida Ransomware Group Leaks 1.3M Files Stolen from Oregon DEQ After Failed Extortion Attempt

 

A major ransomware breach has rocked the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), with over 1.3 million files—amounting to 2.4 terabytes—dumped online by the cybercriminal group Rhysida. The stolen data, now circulating on the dark web, reportedly includes confidential information linked to DEQ employees. Whether personal data of Oregon residents outside the agency was compromised remains unconfirmed. DEQ first disclosed system disruptions on April 9, attributing them to a suspected cyberattack. 

The agency, responsible for regulating pollution, waste, air quality, and smog checks for vehicle registrations, had to suspend several core services as a result. An investigation into the breach is underway, but DEQ has not officially confirmed the volume or content of the compromised data. However, Rhysida’s own dark web site claimed responsibility, stating that it attempted to contact DEQ but was ignored. The group then released the data publicly, writing: “They think their data hasn’t been stolen. They’re sorely mistaken.” Before the leak, the group had placed a $2.5 million price tag—30 Bitcoins—on the files, offering them at auction to the highest bidder. 

By April 24, some of the stolen content had reportedly been sold, while the remaining files were made freely available for download. The breach has had serious operational consequences. For nearly a week following the attack, DEQ employees were locked out of their internal systems and email. Emails sent between April 9 and 11 were lost entirely. Vehicle emissions testing—a requirement for registrations in parts of Oregon—was halted across all non-DEQ testing locations, though some services resumed at DEQ-owned facilities on April 14. In a statement issued April 19, DEQ confirmed that employees were gradually regaining access to their work devices, moving from phones back to laptops. 

Despite the cyber disruption, spokesperson Lauren Wirtis said DEQ’s mission-critical services via its online platform DEQ Online remained operational and unaffected. Rhysida, an increasingly active ransomware gang, has previously attacked global organizations including the British Library, Chilean Army, and the Port of Seattle. Their tactics typically include data theft, extortion, and high-pressure ransom demands. 

Oregon’s Enterprise Information Services is leading the forensic investigation, alongside efforts to strengthen state cybersecurity systems. As of April 26, DEQ clarified that no ransom negotiations had occurred, and the timeline for completing the investigation remains uncertain.
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Ransomwares
Cyber Attacks cybercrime group cybercriminals data security Data Theft DOGE Dogecoin Elon Musk Ransom Demand Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Cybercriminals Behind DOGE Big Balls Ransomware Demand $1 Trillion, Troll Elon Musk

 

A cybercrime group notorious for its outrageous tactics has resurfaced with a ransomware attack demanding an unbelievable $1 trillion from its victims. The group, responsible for the DOGE Big Balls ransomware campaign, has updated its ransom demands with bizarre references to Elon Musk and the Dogecoin meme culture, blending humor with a highly dangerous threat.  

According to a report by Trend Micro researchers Nathaniel Morales and Sarah Pearl Camiling, the attackers are leveraging a modified form of the FOG ransomware to carry out these intrusions. The malware exploits a long-known Windows vulnerability (CVE-2015-2291) through a multi-step PowerShell script that allows deep access into infected systems. Delivered via deceptive shortcut files inside ZIP folders, the malware initiates a chain reaction to execute its payload. Though the ransom note may appear comical—mocking Musk’s past corporate directives and making false claims about stealing “trilatitude and trilongitude” coordinates—the security community warns against taking this threat lightly. 

The ransomware performs environment checks to avoid detection, analyzing machine specs, RAM, and registry entries to detect if it’s being run in a sandbox. If any signs of monitoring are detected, the malware will exit silently. The FBI, in its April 2025 Internet Crime Report, highlighted ransomware—particularly FOG variants—as a dominant threat, impacting critical infrastructure and organizations across the U.S. The report revealed over 100 known FOG ransomware infections between January and March 2025, making it the most reported strain of the year thus far. Beyond encryption, the malware also exfiltrates sensitive data and pressures victims to communicate via the Tor network for instructions. 

The attackers claim stolen files and urge victims not to involve law enforcement, adding a “don’t snitch now” line in their taunting ransom message. Despite its absurd tone, security leaders emphasize the seriousness of the attack. Dr. Ilia Kolochenko, CEO of ImmuniWeb, cautions that many victims discreetly pay ransoms to groups known for not leaking data—urging companies to seek legal and cybersecurity advice before making decisions. 

Although the group hides behind memes and internet jokes, their ability to cause significant operational and financial disruption is very real. Their humor might distract, but the threat demands urgent attention.
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Ransomwares
Cyber Attacks Cyber Researchers Dark Web data security Interlock Interlock ransomware Malware Attack Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Interlock Ransomware Gang Deploys ClickFix Attacks to Breach Corporate Networks

 

Cybersecurity researchers have revealed that the Interlock ransomware gang has adopted a deceptive social engineering technique called ClickFix to infiltrate corporate networks. This method involves tricking users into executing malicious PowerShell commands under the guise of resolving system errors or completing identity verification steps, leading to the deployment of file-encrypting malware. 

While ClickFix attacks have previously been associated with ransomware campaigns, this marks the first confirmed use by Interlock, a ransomware operation that surfaced in late September 2024. The group targets both Windows systems and FreeBSD servers and maintains a dark web leak portal to pressure victims into paying ransoms that can reach millions of dollars. Interlock does not seem to operate as a ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) model. 

According to Sekoia researchers, Interlock began using ClickFix tactics in January 2025. Attackers set up fake websites mimicking legitimate IT tools—such as Microsoft Teams and Advanced IP Scanner—to lure victims. These fake sites prompt users to click a “Fix it” button, which silently copies a malicious PowerShell script to the user’s clipboard. If run, the command downloads a 36MB PyInstaller payload that installs malware under the guise of a legitimate tool. 

Researchers found the malicious campaign hosted on spoofed domains like microsoft-msteams[.]com, microstteams[.]com, ecologilives[.]com, and advanceipscaner[.]com. Only the last domain led to the actual malware dropper disguised as Advanced IP Scanner. When users unknowingly run the script, a hidden PowerShell window executes actions such as system reconnaissance, persistence via Windows Registry, and data exfiltration. The attackers deploy a range of malware via command-and-control (C2) servers, including LummaStealer, BerserkStealer, keyloggers, and the Interlock RAT—a basic remote access trojan capable of dynamic configuration, file exfiltration, shell command execution, and DLL injection. 

Post-compromise, Interlock operators use stolen credentials to move laterally through networks via RDP, leveraging remote access tools like PuTTY, AnyDesk, and LogMeIn. Data is exfiltrated to Azure Blob Storage, after which the Windows variant of Interlock ransomware is scheduled to run daily at 8:00 PM—a redundancy tactic to ensure encryption if the initial payload fails. The gang’s ransom notes have also evolved, now placing emphasis on the legal and regulatory consequences of leaked data. 

ClickFix attacks are gaining popularity among various cybercriminal groups, with recent reports also linking them to North Korean state-sponsored actors like the Lazarus Group, who use similar tactics to target job seekers in the cryptocurrency sector.
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Ransomwares
Backdoor Backdoor Attacks Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks Healthcare Malware Attack RansomHub Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Symantec Links Betruger Backdoor Malware to RansomHub Ransomware Attacks

 

A sophisticated custom backdoor malware called Betruger has been discovered in recent ransomware campaigns, with Symantec researchers linking its use to affiliates of the RansomHub ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) group. The new malware is considered a rare and powerful tool designed to streamline ransomware deployment by minimizing the use of multiple hacking tools during attacks. 

Identified by Symantec’s Threat Hunter Team, Betruger is described as a “multi-function backdoor” built specifically to aid ransomware operations. Its functions go far beyond traditional malware. It is capable of keylogging, network scanning, privilege escalation, credential theft, taking screenshots, and uploading data to a command-and-control (C2) server—all typical actions carried out before a ransomware payload is executed. Symantec notes that while ransomware actors often rely on open-source or legitimate software like Mimikatz or Cobalt Strike to navigate compromised systems, Betruger marks a departure from this norm. 

The tool’s development suggests an effort to reduce detection risks by limiting the number of separate malicious components introduced during an attack. “The use of custom malware other than encrypting payloads is relatively unusual in ransomware attacks,” Symantec stated. “Betruger may have been developed to reduce the number of tools dropped on a network during the pre-encryption phase.” Threat actors are disguising the malware under file names like ‘mailer.exe’ and ‘turbomailer.exe’ to pose as legitimate mailing applications and evade suspicion. While custom malware isn’t new in ransomware operations, most existing tools focus on data exfiltration. 

Notable examples include BlackMatter’s Exmatter and BlackByte’s Exbyte, both created to steal data and upload it to cloud platforms like Mega.co.nz. However, Betruger represents a more all-in-one solution tailored for streamlined attack execution. The RansomHub RaaS operation, previously known as Cyclops and Knight, surfaced in early 2024 and has quickly become a major threat actor in the cybercrime world. Unlike traditional ransomware gangs, RansomHub has focused more on data theft and extortion rather than just data encryption. Since its emergence, RansomHub has claimed several high-profile victims including Halliburton, Christie’s auction house, Frontier Communications, Rite Aid, Kawasaki’s EU division, Planned Parenthood, and Bologna Football Club. 

The group also leaked Change Healthcare’s stolen data after the BlackCat/ALPHV ransomware group’s infamous $22 million exit scam. More recently, the gang claimed responsibility for breaching BayMark Health Services, North America’s largest addiction treatment provider. BayMark serves over 75,000 patients daily across more than 400 locations in the US and Canada. According to the FBI, as of August 2024, RansomHub affiliates have compromised over 200 organizations, many of which are part of critical infrastructure sectors such as government, healthcare, and energy. 

As ransomware groups evolve and adopt more custom-built malware like Betruger, cybersecurity experts warn that defenses must adapt to meet increasingly sophisticated threats.
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Ransomwares
Cyber Attacks Cyber Breach Cyber Defenses Data protection financial attack Financial Loss Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Fourlis Group Confirms €20 Million Loss from IKEA Ransomware Attack

 

Fourlis Group, the retail operator responsible for IKEA stores across Greece, Cyprus, Romania, and Bulgaria, has revealed that a ransomware attack targeting its systems in late November 2024 led to significant financial losses. The cyber incident, which coincided with the busy Black Friday shopping period, disrupted critical parts of the business and caused damages estimated at €20 million (around $22.8 million). 

The breach initially surfaced as unexplained technical problems affecting IKEA’s e-commerce platforms. Days later, on December 3, the company confirmed that the disruptions were due to an external cyberattack. The attack affected digital infrastructure used for inventory restocking, online transactions, and broader retail operations, mainly impacting IKEA’s business. Other brands under the Fourlis umbrella, including Intersport and Holland & Barrett, were largely unaffected.  

According to CEO Dimitris Valachis, the company experienced a loss of approximately €15 million in revenue by the end of 2024, with an additional €5 million impact spilling into early 2025. Fourlis decided not to comply with the attackers’ demands and instead focused on system recovery through support from external cybersecurity professionals. The company also reported that it successfully blocked a number of follow-up attacks attempted after the initial breach. 

Despite the scale of the attack, an internal investigation supported by forensic analysts found no evidence that customer data had been stolen or exposed. The incident caused only a brief period of data unavailability, which was resolved swiftly. As part of its compliance obligations, Fourlis reported the breach to data protection authorities in all four affected countries, reassuring stakeholders that personal information remained secure. Interestingly, no known ransomware group has taken responsibility for the attack. This may suggest that the attackers were unable to extract valuable data or are holding out hope for an undisclosed settlement—though Fourlis maintains that no ransom was paid. 

The incident highlights the growing risks faced by digital retail ecosystems, especially during peak sales periods when system uptime is critical. As online platforms become more central to retail operations, businesses like Fourlis must invest heavily in cybersecurity defenses. Their experience reinforces the importance of swift response strategies, external threat mitigation support, and robust data protection practices to safeguard operations and maintain customer trust in the face of evolving cyber threats.
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Ransomwares
cloud storage Cyber Attacks Cyber Researchers Data Backup Data protection data security Ransomware attack Ransomwares

Ransomware Attacks Surge in Q1 2025 as Immutable Backup Emerges as Critical Defense

Ransomware attacks have seen a dramatic rise in the first quarter of 2025, with new research from Object First revealing an 84% increase compared to the same period in 2024. This alarming trend highlights the growing sophistication and frequency of ransomware campaigns, with nearly two-thirds of organizations reporting at least one attack in the past two years. 

The findings suggest that ransomware is no longer a matter of “if” but “when” for most businesses. Despite the increased threat, Object First’s study offers a silver lining. A large majority—81% of IT decision-makers—now recognize that immutable backup storage is the most effective defense against ransomware. Immutable storage ensures that once data is written, it cannot be changed or deleted, offering a critical safety net when other security measures fail. This form of storage plays a key role in enabling organizations to recover their data without yielding to ransom demands. 

However, the report also highlights a concerning gap between awareness and action. While most IT professionals acknowledge the benefits of immutable backups, only 59% of organizations have actually implemented such storage. Additionally, just 58% maintain multiple copies of their data in separate locations, falling short of the recommended 3-2-1 backup strategy. This gap leaves many companies dangerously exposed. The report also shows that ransomware actors are evolving their methods. A staggering 96% of organizations that experienced ransomware attacks in the last two years had their backup systems targeted at least once. Even more concerning, 10% of them had their backup storage compromised in every incident. 

These findings demonstrate how attackers now routinely seek to destroy recovery options, increasing pressure on victims to pay ransoms. Many businesses still place heavy reliance on traditional IT security hardening. In fact, 61% of respondents believe this approach is sufficient. But ransomware attackers are adept at bypassing such defenses using phishing emails, stolen credentials, and remote access tools. That’s why Object First recommends adopting a “breach mentality”—an approach that assumes an eventual breach and focuses on limiting damage. 

A Zero Trust architecture, paired with immutable backup, is essential. Organizations are urged to segment networks, restrict user access to essential data only, and implement multi-factor authentication. As cloud services grow, many companies are also turning to immutable cloud storage for flexible, scalable protection. Together, these steps offer a stronger, more resilient defense against today’s aggressive ransomware landscape.
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Ransomwares
CVE CVEs Cyber Attacks Malware Attack Malwares Microsoft ransomware attacks Ransomware group Ransomwares

Windows CLFS Zero-Day CVE-2025-29824 Exploited by Ransomware Group Storm-2460

 

A newly disclosed Windows zero-day vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-29824, is being actively exploited in cyberattacks to deliver ransomware, Microsoft has warned. This flaw affects the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver and enables local privilege escalation—a method often used by attackers after gaining initial access. 

Microsoft’s Threat Intelligence and Security Response teams revealed that the bug is classified as a “use-after-free” vulnerability with a severity score of 7.8. While attackers need to compromise a system before they can exploit this flaw, it remains highly valuable in ransomware operations. Cybercriminals often rely on these types of vulnerabilities to turn a limited foothold into full administrative control across networks. 

The cybercrime group currently leveraging this zero-day is known as Storm-2460. Microsoft reports that the group is using the exploit to deploy a custom backdoor named PipeMagic, which in turn facilitates the installation of RansomEXX ransomware—a variant not commonly observed but still capable of serious disruption. So far, Storm-2460 has targeted organizations in industries such as IT, finance, and retail, with victims located in countries including the United States, Spain, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela. 

Microsoft emphasized that the number of known cases remains small, but the sophistication of the exploit is concerning. This attack is notable for being part of a “post-compromise” campaign, meaning the attacker already has a presence within the system before using the flaw. These types of exploits are frequently used to escalate privileges and move laterally within a network, eventually leading to broader ransomware deployment. Microsoft issued a security advisory for CVE-2025-29824 on April 8 and urged organizations to install updates immediately. Failure to do so could leave critical systems vulnerable to privilege escalation and full network compromise. 

To mitigate risk, Microsoft advises businesses to prioritize patch management, restrict unnecessary administrative privileges, and closely monitor for unusual behavior across endpoints. Cybersecurity teams are also encouraged to review logs for any indicators of compromise related to PipeMagic or RansomEXX. As ransomware tactics continue to evolve, the exploitation of vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-29824 reinforces the need for proactive defense strategies and rapid incident response protocols.
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Security Flaws
Cyber Security Extension Malware Detection Malwares Marketplace Microsoft Microsoft security Ransomwares Security Flaws

Ransomware Found in VSCode Extensions Raises Concerns Over Microsoft’s Security Review

 

Cybersecurity experts have discovered ransomware hidden within two Visual Studio Code (VSCode) Marketplace extensions, raising concerns about Microsoft’s ability to detect malicious software in its platform. The compromised extensions, named “ahban.shiba” and “ahban.cychelloworld,” were downloaded by users before security researchers flagged them and they were subsequently removed. 

Despite Microsoft’s security measures, the extensions remained publicly accessible for a significant period, highlighting potential gaps in the company’s review process. The “ahban.cychelloworld” extension was first uploaded on October 27, 2024, followed by “ahban.shiba” on February 17, 2025. The VSCode Marketplace, designed to provide developers with additional tools for Microsoft’s popular coding platform, has come under scrutiny for failing to identify these threats. 

Researchers at ReversingLabs determined that both extensions included a PowerShell script that connected to a remote Amazon Web Services (AWS) server to download further malicious code. This secondary payload functioned as ransomware, though evidence suggests it was still in a testing phase. 

Unlike traditional ransomware that encrypts entire systems, this malware specifically targeted files stored in C:\users%username%\Desktop\testShiba.  Once the encryption was complete, victims received a Windows notification stating: “Your files have been encrypted. Pay 1 ShibaCoin to ShibaWallet to recover them.” However, no further instructions or payment details were provided, suggesting the malware was not yet fully developed.  

Although Microsoft eventually removed the extensions, security researcher Italy Kruk from ExtensionTotal disclosed that their automated detection system had identified the malicious code much earlier. Kruk stated that they had alerted Microsoft about the issue but received no response. Further analysis revealed that the initial version of “ahban.cychelloworld” was clean, but the ransomware was introduced in version 0.0.2, which was released on November 24, 2024. ExtensionTotal flagged this version to Microsoft on November 25, yet the extension remained available for months. 

During this time, five more versions were uploaded, all containing the same ransomware. This case has intensified concerns about Microsoft’s ability to monitor third-party extensions effectively. The security lapse within the VSCode Marketplace highlights the risk developers face when downloading extensions, even from official sources. Microsoft has previously faced criticism for both slow responses to security threats and for mistakenly removing non-malicious extensions. 

A notable example involved two popular VSCode themes, ‘Material Theme – Free’ and ‘Material Theme Icons – Free,’ which were taken down due to suspected obfuscated JavaScript. However, after further review, Microsoft determined the extensions were safe, reinstated them, and apologized, promising improvements to its security screening process. The presence of ransomware in widely used developer tools underscores the need for stronger security measures. Developers must stay cautious, regularly update security protocols, and carefully evaluate third-party extensions before installing them, even when they come from official platforms like the VSCode Marketplace.
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Ransomwares
Backdoor Backdoor Attacks Critical Infrastructure Cyber Attacks RansomHub ransomware ransomware attacks Ransomwares

Betruger Backdoor Linked to RansomHub Ransomware Attacks on Critical Infrastructure

 

A newly discovered backdoor malware, dubbed Betruger, has been identified in multiple recent ransomware attacks. Researchers at Symantec believe at least one affiliate of the RansomHub ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation is using this sophisticated tool to facilitate cyber intrusions. 

Unlike many conventional malware strains, Betruger functions as a multi-purpose backdoor designed to prepare networks for ransomware deployment while minimizing the need for additional malicious software. Betruger comes equipped with several advanced features commonly associated with pre-ransomware attack stages. These include keylogging, network scanning, privilege escalation, credential theft, screenshot capture, and the ability to upload files to a command-and-control (C2) server. 

Its design suggests that attackers are looking to streamline their intrusion process, reducing reliance on multiple external tools and instead using a single, custom-built malware to execute various attack functions. This approach is relatively rare, as ransomware operators typically rely on widely available tools such as Mimikatz and Cobalt Strike to conduct their attacks. To avoid detection, cybercriminals are disguising Betruger under the filenames ‘mailer.exe’ and ‘turbomailer.exe,’ making it appear like a legitimate email-related application. 

While other ransomware groups have developed proprietary tools for data exfiltration, such as BlackMatter’s Exmatter and BlackByte’s Exbyte, Betruger appears to have a broader range of capabilities beyond just stealing data. The emergence of Betruger coincides with ongoing attacks by RansomHub, a ransomware operation that has been active since February 2024. Previously known as Cyclops and Knight, RansomHub has gained a reputation for focusing on extortion through data theft rather than encrypting victim files. 

Over the past year, the group has targeted several major organizations, including Halliburton, Christie’s, Frontier Communications, Rite Aid, and Kawasaki’s EU division. It was also responsible for leaking Change Healthcare’s stolen data after the BlackCat/ALPHV group’s $22 million exit scam. More recently, RansomHub claimed responsibility for breaching BayMark Health Services, a leading addiction treatment provider in North America. 

The company operates over 400 treatment centers across the U.S. and Canada, serving approximately 75,000 patients daily. The FBI has linked RansomHub affiliates to more than 200 ransomware attacks affecting various critical infrastructure sectors in the U.S., including government agencies, healthcare institutions, and other essential services. With the deployment of Betruger, the group’s operations appear to be evolving, indicating a continued threat to businesses and organizations worldwide.
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Ransomwares
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Hackers Exploit Fortinet Firewall Bugs to Deploy Ransomware

 

Cybersecurity researchers have uncovered a new attack campaign in which hackers are exploiting vulnerabilities in Fortinet firewalls to breach corporate networks and deploy ransomware. The hacking group, tracked as “Mora_001,” is leveraging two specific flaws in Fortinet’s firewall software to infiltrate systems and launch a custom ransomware strain called “SuperBlack.” 

These vulnerabilities, tracked as CVE-2024-55591 and CVE-2025-24472, have been actively exploited since December 2024, despite Fortinet releasing patches in January 2025. Many organizations have yet to apply these critical updates, leaving their networks vulnerable. Once inside a network, the attackers conduct reconnaissance to identify valuable data before deploying ransomware. Instead of immediately encrypting files, they first exfiltrate sensitive information, a tactic that has become increasingly common among ransomware groups seeking to pressure victims into paying a ransom to prevent data leaks. 

Security researchers at Forescout observed that the Mora_001 group selectively encrypted file servers only after stealing critical data, making their attacks more damaging and difficult to recover from. There is strong evidence linking Mora_001 to the notorious LockBit ransomware gang. The SuperBlack ransomware strain appears to be based on a leaked builder from LockBit 3.0 attacks, and the ransom notes left by Mora_001 include the same contact details previously used by LockBit affiliates. This suggests that Mora_001 may be a current LockBit affiliate with distinct operational methods or a separate group that shares infrastructure and communication channels. 

Cybersecurity experts believe that Mora_001 is primarily targeting organizations that have not yet applied Fortinet’s security patches. Companies that failed to update their firewalls or properly harden their network configurations when the vulnerabilities were first disclosed are at the highest risk. The ransom notes used in these attacks also bear similarities to those used by other cybercriminal groups, such as the now-defunct ALPHV/BlackCat ransomware gang, further indicating connections within the ransomware ecosystem. 

Despite Fortinet releasing fixes for the affected vulnerabilities, unpatched systems remain an easy target for attackers. Security professionals are urging organizations to update their firewalls immediately and implement additional security measures to prevent unauthorized access. Best practices include applying all available patches, segmenting networks to restrict access to critical systems, monitoring for suspicious activity using endpoint detection and response tools, and maintaining secure offline backups. Organizations that fail to take these precautions risk falling victim to sophisticated ransomware attacks that can result in severe financial and operational damage.
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S-RM
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Ransomware Group Uses Unpatched Webcams to Deploy Attacks

 

A recent cybersecurity report by S-RM has revealed a new tactic used by the Akira ransomware group, demonstrating their persistence in bypassing security defenses. When their initial attempt to deploy ransomware was blocked by an endpoint detection and response (EDR) tool, the attackers shifted their focus to an unexpected network device—a webcam. 

This strategy highlights the evolving nature of cyber threats and the need for organizations to secure all connected devices. The attack began with the use of remote desktop protocol (RDP) to access a target’s server. When the group attempted to deploy a ransomware file, the victim’s EDR successfully detected and neutralized the threat. However, rather than abandoning the attack, the adversaries conducted a network search and identified other connected devices, including a fingerprint scanner and a camera. The camera was an ideal entry point because it was unpatched, ran a Linux-based operating system capable of executing commands, and had no installed EDR solution. 

Exploiting these vulnerabilities, the attackers used the camera to deploy ransomware via the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, which facilitates file and resource sharing between networked devices. According to cybersecurity experts, this kind of attack is difficult to defend against because it targets overlooked devices. Rob T. Lee, chief of research at the SANS Institute, compared detecting such threats to “finding a needle in a haystack.” The attack underscores how cybercriminals are constantly adapting, looking for the weakest points in a network to infiltrate and execute their malicious operations. 

The Akira ransomware group has gained traction following law enforcement takedowns of major ransomware organizations like AlphV and LockBit. S-RM reported that Akira accounted for 15% of the cyber incidents it analyzed, and in January 2024, CISA confirmed that the group had impacted over 250 organizations, extorting approximately $42 million in ransom payments. Ransom demands from Akira typically range from $200,000 to $4 million. The growing threat to internet of things (IoT) devices is further supported by data from Zscaler, which blocked 45% more IoT malware transactions between June 2023 and May 2024. 

Devices such as webcams, e-readers, and routers are particularly vulnerable due to outdated software and poor security practices. To mitigate risks, cybersecurity experts recommend several best practices for securing IoT devices. Organizations should place IoT devices on restricted networks that prevent unauthorized access from workstations or servers. Unused devices should be turned off, networked devices should be regularly audited, and software patches must be applied promptly. Additionally, changing default passwords on IoT devices is essential to prevent unauthorized access. 

Cybercriminals are continuously thinking outside the box to exploit vulnerabilities, and security professionals must do the same to defend against emerging threats. If attackers can compromise a webcam, they could potentially target more complex systems, such as industrial machinery or medical devices. As ransomware groups evolve, staying ahead of their tactics is crucial for safeguarding sensitive data and preventing costly breaches.
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Ransomwares
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Medusa Ransomware Attacks: CISA, FBI, and MS-ISAC Issue #StopRansomware Advisory

 

The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), in partnership with the FBI and the Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center (MS-ISAC), has issued a #StopRansomware advisory, warning organizations about the increasing threat of Medusa ransomware. 

Medusa, a ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) variant, was first detected in 2021 and has since targeted over 300 victims across multiple critical infrastructure sectors. Industries such as healthcare, law, education, insurance, technology, and manufacturing have been particularly affected, highlighting the wide reach and severity of the ransomware’s impact. Medusa initially operated as a closed ransomware variant, meaning its developers had full control over its deployment and operations. 

Over time, it transitioned to an affiliate-based model, allowing external cybercriminals to use the ransomware while keeping certain aspects, such as ransom negotiations, under the control of the original developers. This shift has allowed Medusa to expand its reach, increasing its effectiveness as a cyber threat. Medusa demands ransoms ranging from $100,000 to as much as $15 million. 

Like many modern ransomware variants, it employs double extortion tactics—stealing sensitive data before encrypting victim networks. This strategy puts additional pressure on victims, as attackers can threaten to leak or sell stolen data if the ransom is not paid. Cybersecurity researchers from Symantec’s Threat Hunter team recently reported a rise in Medusa-related attacks over the past year. 

Medusa’s developers use initial access brokers (IABs) to gain entry into victim networks. These brokers operate within cybercriminal forums and marketplaces, selling access to compromised systems for amounts ranging from $100 to $1 million. Medusa affiliates rely on phishing campaigns and vulnerability exploitation to gain initial access, making it crucial for organizations to bolster their email security and patch known vulnerabilities. Once inside a system, Medusa operators use “living-off-the-land” (LotL) techniques, leveraging legitimate system tools to evade detection while conducting reconnaissance, data theft, and lateral movement.

Given Medusa’s evolving tactics, cybersecurity experts stress the importance of proactive defense measures. Organizations should deploy security patches, implement network segmentation, and restrict access to critical services from untrusted sources. Dan Lattimer, area vice president for Semperis in the UK and Ireland, emphasized the need for an “assumed breach” mindset, urging companies to shift from a prevention-focused approach to rapid detection, response, and recovery. 

As ransomware attacks grow more sophisticated, organizations must remain vigilant, continuously updating their cybersecurity strategies to mitigate risks and strengthen their defenses against threats like Medusa.
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