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Spain Investigates Cybersecurity of Power Suppliers After Widespread Grid Outage

 

Spain is investigating the cybersecurity practices of its power suppliers following a major power outage that affected much of the Iberian Peninsula at the end of April. While initial assessments by Spanish and Portuguese grid operators ruled out a cyberattack, authorities are now questioning whether smaller, independent energy producers may have inadvertently opened vulnerabilities within the national power infrastructure. 

The outage disrupted electricity supply across both Spain and Portugal, with most regions regaining power after ten hours. However, it took nearly a full day—23 hours—for Spain’s grid to be fully restored. Although no immediate signs of hacking were found, the duration and scale of the disruption raised alarms, prompting deeper scrutiny into the resilience of Spain’s decentralized energy network. According to a report from the Financial Times, Spain’s National Cybersecurity Institute (INCIBE) has reached out to various smaller renewable energy producers, asking whether they experienced any unusual activity before the blackout on April 28. 

The inquiries also covered their use of recent security patches and whether their systems could be remotely accessed, signaling a broader concern over cybersecurity readiness among these suppliers. This line of investigation is significant given Spain’s heavy reliance on renewable energy, much of which is generated by smaller, less centralized plants. The concern is that these entities, though critical to Spain’s green transition, may lack the robust cyber defenses maintained by larger grid operators. 

While this doesn’t point to renewable energy as unreliable, it highlights how a fragmented supplier ecosystem could pose a collective security risk. Cybersecurity experts have also weighed in. A blog post by security firm Specops Software compared the Spanish outage to known cyberattacks on power grids, such as those in Ukraine in 2015 and 2016. While Specops acknowledged the Spanish grid operators’ conclusion that no breach was detected through their internal monitoring systems, the firm noted similarities in how the shutdown unfolded. 

However, Barracuda Networks’ regional director Miguel López suggested that if a cyberattack had indeed compromised critical systems, it would have taken significantly longer to recover, casting doubt on hacking as the root cause. Still, the possibility that attackers exploited a less secure third-party provider has not been ruled out. This renewed scrutiny comes amid global concerns over cyber threats to critical infrastructure. 

The U.S. and U.K. have both issued alerts about increased activity by pro-Russian hacktivists targeting industrial control systems. With recent research showing that 95% of critical infrastructure organizations experienced a data breach in the past year, Spain’s situation underscores the urgent need for improved cyber vigilance across all levels of the energy supply chain.

Lostkeys Malware: Russian Group Coldriver Targets Western Officials in Espionage Campaign

 

A new wave of cyber espionage has emerged, with Russian hackers deploying a sophisticated malware strain known as “Lostkeys” to infiltrate the systems of Western officials, journalists, and NGOs. According to researchers from Google’s Threat Intelligence Group, the malware is linked to Coldriver, also known as UNC4057, Star Blizzard, or Callisto—a threat actor believed to be part of Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB), the successor to the KGB. 

Coldriver has traditionally been involved in phishing operations to steal credentials, but the emergence of Lostkeys demonstrates a significant leap in their cyber capabilities. Lostkeys appears to mark a shift in strategy for the group, moving beyond phishing and into deeper system infiltration. The malware is deployed in a targeted manner, reserved for high-value individuals such as political advisors, think tank members, journalists, and people with known connections to Ukraine.

Activity related to Lostkeys was observed by Google in the early months of 2024—specifically January, March, and April—with evidence suggesting its use might have started as far back as December 2023. The attack begins with a deceptive Captcha page, tricking victims into copying a malicious PowerShell script into the Windows Run dialog. This method, known as “ClickFix,” bypasses typical security filters and exploits user behavior rather than software vulnerabilities. 

Once executed, the script connects to a command-and-control server, downloading a series of payloads uniquely tailored to each victim. In an effort to avoid detection, the malware includes anti-sandbox measures. During the second stage of infection, the script checks the screen resolution of the host machine and halts if it matches known virtual machine environments used by analysts and cybersecurity researchers. If the device passes this check, the malware proceeds to the final stage—a Visual Basic Script that steals data, including specific file types, system details, and active processes. These are exfiltrated back to the attackers using an encoded system that applies a unique two-key substitution cipher for each infected machine. 

Lostkeys appears to be a more refined successor to a previous malware strain known as Spica, which Coldriver also deployed in 2024. While both strains focus on data exfiltration, Lostkeys features a more intricate delivery system and improved obfuscation techniques. Some earlier samples of Lostkeys mimicked legitimate software like Maltego and used executable files instead of PowerShell, though Google has not confirmed if these instances were part of the same campaign or the work of a different threat actor reusing Coldriver’s tactics. 

This development highlights an alarming evolution in state-backed cyber operations, where advanced social engineering and stealth techniques are being increasingly used to infiltrate high-profile targets. As geopolitical tensions persist, the risks posed by such targeted cyber espionage campaigns are expected to grow.

India Faces Cyber Onslaught After Operation Sindoor Military Strikes

 

In the aftermath of India’s military action under Operation Sindoor, Pakistan responded not only with conventional threats but also with a wave of coordinated cyberattacks. While India’s defense systems effectively intercepted aerial threats like drones and missiles, a simultaneous digital assault unfolded, targeting the nation’s critical infrastructure and strategic systems. 

Reports from The Times of India indicate that the cyberattacks were focused on key defense public sector units (PSUs), their supporting MSMEs, and essential infrastructure including airports, ports, the Indian Railways, power grids, and major telecom providers such as BSNL. Additionally, digital financial platforms—ranging from UPI services to stock exchanges and mobile wallets—were also in the crosshairs. 

Sources suggest these cyber intrusions aimed to steal classified military data, disrupt daily life, and damage India’s global standing. Allegedly, the attackers sought intelligence on missile defense systems and military readiness. In retaliation, India reportedly struck back at Pakistani military infrastructure, although the cyber battlefield remains active. 

Cybersecurity expert and Interpol trainer Pendyala Krishna Shastry confirmed the attacks involved a range of methods: malware deployment, denial-of-service (DoS) strikes, phishing schemes, and website defacements. These tactics targeted multiple sectors, including finance, telecom, and public services, aiming to breach systems and sow confusion. 

Website tracking portal Zone-H recorded several government domain breaches. Notable targets included the websites of the National Institute of Water Sports (niws.nic.in) and nationaltrust.nic.in, both of which were defaced before being restored. The Central Coalfields Ltd (CCL) website also experienced a breach, displaying a message from a group calling itself “Mr Habib 404 – Pakistani Cyber Force,” declaring, “You thought you were safe, but we are here.” 

Although CCL’s Public Relations Officer Alok Gupta dismissed the breach as a technical issue with no data loss, cybersecurity experts warn that downplaying such incidents could weaken national digital defense. 

This escalation underscores how cyber warfare is now being integrated into broader military strategies. Experts argue that India must urgently strengthen its cyber defenses to address the growing threat. Priorities include deploying AI-based threat detection, reinforcing CERT-In and sector-specific Security Operation Centres (SOCs), enforcing strong cybersecurity practices across public systems, and expanding collaboration on global cyber intelligence. 

As state-sponsored attacks become more sophisticated and frequent, India’s ability to defend its digital frontier will be just as crucial as its military strength.

Russian Hacktivists Disrupt Dutch Institutions with DDoS Attacks

 

Several Dutch public and private organizations have experienced significant service outages this week following a wave of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks linked to pro-Russian hacktivists. The Netherlands’ National Cyber Security Center (NCSC), part of the Ministry of Justice, confirmed that the attacks affected multiple sectors and regions across the country.  

The NCSC disclosed that both government and private entities were targeted in what it described as large-scale cyber disruptions. While the full scope is still being assessed, municipalities and provinces including Groningen, Noord-Holland, Drenthe, Overijssel, Zeeland, Noord-Brabant, and cities like Nijmegen, Apeldoorn, Breda, and Tilburg reported that public portals were intermittently inaccessible. 

A pro-Russian threat group calling itself NoName057(16) has claimed responsibility for the cyberattacks through its Telegram channel. Though the NCSC did not confirm the motive, the group posted that the attacks were a response to the Netherlands’ recent €6 billion military aid commitment to Ukraine, as well as future support amounting to €3.5 billion expected in 2026. Despite the widespread disruptions, authorities have stated that no internal systems or sensitive data were compromised. 

The issue appears confined to access-related outages caused by overwhelming traffic directed at the affected servers — a hallmark of DDoS tactics. NoName057(16) has been a known actor in the European cybersecurity landscape since early 2022. It has targeted various Western governments and institutions, often in retaliation for political or military actions perceived as anti-Russian. The group also operates DDoSIA, a decentralized platform where users can participate in attacks in exchange for cryptocurrency payments. 

This model has enabled them to recruit thousands of volunteers and sustain persistent campaigns against European targets. While law enforcement in Spain arrested three alleged DDoSIA participants last year and confiscated their devices, key figures behind the platform remain unidentified and at large. The lack of major indictments has allowed the group to continue its operations relatively unimpeded. 

The NCSC has urged organizations to remain vigilant and maintain strong cybersecurity protocols to withstand potential follow-up attacks. With geopolitical tensions remaining high, experts warn that such politically motivated cyber operations are likely to increase in frequency and sophistication. 

As of now, restoration efforts are ongoing, and the government continues to monitor the digital landscape for further signs of coordinated threats.

Pakistan-Based Hackers Launch Cyber Attack on Indian Defence Websites, Claim Access to Sensitive Data

 

In a concerning escalation of cyber hostilities, a Pakistan-based threat group known as the Pakistan Cyber Force launched a coordinated cyber offensive on multiple Indian defence-related websites on Monday. The group claimed responsibility for defacing the official site of a Ministry of Defence public sector undertaking (PSU) and asserted that it had gained unauthorized access to sensitive information belonging to Indian defence personnel. According to reports, the targeted websites included those of the Military Engineering Service (MES) and the Manohar Parrikar Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses (MP-IDSA), both critical components in India’s defence research and infrastructure network. 

The group’s social media posts alleged that it had exfiltrated login credentials and personal data associated with defence personnel. One particularly alarming development was the defacement of the official website of Armoured Vehicle Nigam Limited (AVNL), a key PSU under the Ministry of Defence. The hackers replaced the homepage with the Pakistani flag and an image of the Al Khalid tank, a symbol of Pakistan’s military capabilities. A message reportedly posted on social platform X read, “Hacked. Your security is illusion. MES data owned,” followed by a list of names allegedly linked to Indian defence staff. 

Sources quoted by ANI indicated that there is a credible concern that personal data of military personnel may have been compromised during the breach. In response, authorities promptly took the AVNL website offline to prevent further exploitation and launched a full-scale forensic audit to assess the scope of the intrusion and restore digital integrity. Cybersecurity experts are currently monitoring for further signs of intrusion, especially in light of repeated cyber threats and defacement attempts linked to Pakistani-sponsored groups. 

The ongoing tensions between the two countries have only heightened the frequency and severity of such state-aligned cyber operations. This latest attack follows a pattern of provocative cyber incidents, with Pakistani hacker groups increasingly targeting sensitive Indian assets in attempts to undermine national security and sow discord. Intelligence sources are treating the incident as part of a broader information warfare campaign and have emphasized the need for heightened vigilance and improved cyber defense strategies. 

Authorities continue to investigate the breach while urging government departments and defense agencies to reinforce their cybersecurity posture amid rising digital threats in the region.

Pune-Based Biopharma Company Hit by Ransomware Attack, Hackers Demand $80,000

 

A multinational biopharmaceutical company based in Pune has fallen victim to a sophisticated ransomware attack, with cybercriminals encrypting vital data and demanding $80,000 (over Rs 68 lakh) for its release. The attackers have also threatened to leak the stolen proprietary data on the dark web if the ransom is not paid, according to local police authorities. 

The incident came to light when a senior executive from the company’s Pune office lodged a complaint at the Cyber Crime Police Station of Pimpri Chinchwad on Monday evening. The attack was first identified on Sunday afternoon, prompting immediate concern due to the sensitivity of the data involved. According to initial investigations by cybercrime officials, the breach is believed to have occurred through a compromised endpoint device—most likely via a phishing email containing a malicious link. 

Once the attackers gained access to the internal network, they deployed ransomware to the company’s main server and extended it to more than a dozen connected servers. Sensitive data, including proprietary pharmaceutical formulations, manufacturing protocols, and confidential business documents, was then encrypted and locked. 

“A preliminary probe suggests that vulnerabilities in the company’s cybersecurity setup allowed the attackers to infiltrate its systems,” an officer from the Cyber Police Station said. “Unfortunately, a significant portion of the critical data was not backed up offline, leaving the organization exposed to potential data loss if the ransom is not paid.” The hackers have made it clear that if their ransom demand of $80,000 is not met, the stolen data will be sold on the dark web. 

So far, the company has not paid the ransom, and authorities are currently analyzing IP logs and other digital evidence to trace the origin of the attack. Cybercrime investigators have urged all businesses to strengthen their cybersecurity measures, including regularly backing up data offline, updating firewall configurations, and educating employees about phishing threats. “This incident is a wake-up call for organizations to prioritize robust digital security,” the officer added.  

Deputy Commissioner of Police (Crime) Sandeep Doiphode emphasized the growing need for enterprises to invest in both technology and skilled cybersecurity personnel. “This case underlines the urgent necessity for companies to stay ahead of evolving threats through both infrastructure and human resource development,” he said. Police also noted that ransomware attacks typically use phishing emails and exploit weak security protocols. Payments are often demanded in cryptocurrency, making the attackers harder to trace. 

The investigation remains ongoing.

Jammu Municipal Corporation Targeted in Major Cyberattack, Sensitive Data Allegedly Stolen

 

In a significant breach of digital infrastructure, the Jammu Municipal Corporation (JMC) has fallen victim to a cyberattack believed to have resulted in the loss of vast amounts of sensitive data. According to high-level intelligence sources, the attackers managed to compromise the website, gaining access to critical records and databases that may include personally identifiable information such as Aadhaar numbers, property ownership documents, tax filings, infrastructure blueprints, and internal administrative communications.  

The breach, which occurred on Friday, has prompted an immediate investigation and system lockdown as cybersecurity teams race to contain the damage and begin recovery operations. Officials involved in the incident response have confirmed that website functionality has been suspended as data restoration processes are initiated. Top intelligence sources indicate that the attack bears hallmarks of Pakistan-sponsored cyber operations aimed at undermining India’s administrative framework. “These tactics are consistent with state-backed cyber warfare efforts targeting strategic and sensitive zones like Jammu and Kashmir,” said a senior intelligence official.

“The objective is often to destabilize public services and spread fear among the populace.” The JMC’s website is a key platform used to manage municipal services, property taxes, and local development projects. Its compromise has raised concerns about the broader implications for civic governance and the potential misuse of the stolen data.  

This latest breach follows a series of unsuccessful but alarming hacking attempts by groups linked to Pakistan. Just a day before the JMC attack, hacker collectives such as ‘Cyber Group HOAX1337’ and ‘National Cyber Crew’ reportedly targeted several Indian websites. Cybersecurity teams were able to detect and neutralize these threats before they could cause any major disruption. Among the recent targets were the websites of Army Public School Nagrota and Army Public School Sunjuwan. These were reportedly subjected to defacement attempts featuring inflammatory messages referencing the victims of the Pahalgam terror attack. 

In another incident, a portal catering to the healthcare needs of retired armed forces personnel was compromised and vandalized. Cybersecurity experts warn that such attacks often aim to disrupt not only public trust but also national morale. The recurring pattern of targeting vulnerable groups—such as schoolchildren and elderly veterans—further emphasizes the psychological warfare tactics employed by these groups. 

As recovery efforts continue, the Indian government is likely to review its cybersecurity protocols across public sector systems, especially in high-risk regions. Enhanced defense measures and greater inter-agency coordination are expected to follow. The investigation remains ongoing, and further updates are expected in the coming days.

Top U.S. Banks Cut Off Digital Data Sharing With OCC After Major Cyberattack

 

Several of the largest banks in the United States have curtailed or reassessed how they share sensitive data with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), after a significant cyberattack compromised the regulator’s email system. 

According to Bloomberg, JPMorgan Chase and Bank of New York Mellon have paused all electronic communications with the OCC. Bank of America is continuing to share data, but through what it considers more secure digital channels. The decision follows the discovery that hackers had accessed over 100 email accounts at the OCC for more than a year—a breach labeled a “major incident” by both the OCC and the U.S. Treasury Department. 

The hackers reportedly obtained highly sensitive information related to financial institutions, although their identities remain unknown. The OCC, a bureau under the Treasury, oversees over 1,000 national banks and savings associations, including the U.S. branches of foreign institutions. Among the materials potentially exposed are reports on cybersecurity protocols, internal vulnerability assessments, and National Security Letters—documents that may contain classified intelligence regarding terrorism or espionage. 

Banks have raised concerns about the extent of the breach and the OCC’s communication about the incident. Some financial institutions reportedly did not learn of the scope of the compromise until media coverage surfaced. As a result, there is growing distrust among regulated institutions regarding how the OCC has handled disclosure and mitigation. The OCC said it is actively working with independent cybersecurity experts, including Mandiant and Microsoft, to investigate the breach and determine whether stolen data has surfaced on the dark web. 

A contractor is also reviewing two internal communication systems—BankNet and another used for transferring large files—to assess whether they were affected. While JPMorgan and BNY Mellon have suspended digital transmissions, Citigroup has continued data sharing due to its existing consent order with the OCC. It remains unclear whether other major banks like Wells Fargo or Goldman Sachs have taken similar steps. Experts warn that the breach could enable targeted cyberattacks or extortion attempts, as the stolen material may offer insight into institutional vulnerabilities. 

According to former Treasury CIO Eric Olson, the exposed data is “as sensitive as it gets.” The incident has drawn attention from Congress, with both the House Financial Services Committee and the Senate Banking Committee seeking more information. Experts view the banks’ decision to reduce data sharing as a sign of eroding trust in the OCC’s ability to safeguard critical regulatory communications.

Silicon Valley Crosswalk Buttons Hacked With AI Voices Mimicking Tech Billionaires

 

A strange tech prank unfolded across Silicon Valley this past weekend after crosswalk buttons in several cities began playing AI-generated voice messages impersonating Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg.  

Pedestrians reported hearing bizarre and oddly personal phrases coming from audio-enabled crosswalk systems in Menlo Park, Palo Alto, and Redwood City. The altered voices were crafted to sound like the two tech moguls, with messages that ranged from humorous to unsettling. One button, using a voice resembling Zuckerberg, declared: “We’re putting AI into every corner of your life, and you can’t stop it.” Another, mimicking Musk, joked about loneliness and buying a Cybertruck to fill the void.  

The origins of the incident remain unknown, but online speculation points to possible hacktivism—potentially aimed at critiquing Silicon Valley’s AI dominance or simply poking fun at tech culture. Videos of the voice spoof spread quickly on TikTok and X, with users commenting on the surreal experience and sarcastically suggesting the crosswalks had been “venture funded.” This situation prompts serious concern. 

Local officials confirmed they’re investigating the breach and working to restore normal functionality. According to early reports, the tampering may have taken place on Friday. These crosswalk buttons aren’t new—they’re part of accessibility technology designed to help visually impaired pedestrians cross streets safely by playing audio cues. But this incident highlights how vulnerable public infrastructure can be to digital interference. Security researchers have warned in the past that these systems, often managed with default settings and unsecured firmware, can be compromised if not properly protected. 

One expert, physical penetration specialist Deviant Ollam, has previously demonstrated how such buttons can be manipulated using unchanged passwords or open ports. Polara, a leading manufacturer of these audio-enabled buttons, did not respond to requests for comment. The silence leaves open questions about how widespread the vulnerability might be and what cybersecurity measures, if any, are in place. This AI voice hack not only exposed weaknesses in public technology but also raised broader questions about the blending of artificial intelligence, infrastructure, and data privacy. 

What began as a strange and comedic moment at the crosswalk is now fueling a much larger conversation about the cybersecurity risks of increasingly connected cities. With AI becoming more embedded in daily life, events like this might be just the beginning of new kinds of public tech disruptions.

Fake CAPTCHAs Are the New Trap: Here’s How Hackers Are Using Them to Install Malware

 

For years, CAPTCHAs have been a familiar online hurdle—click a box, identify a few blurry images, and prove you’re human. They’ve long served as digital gatekeepers to help websites filter out bots and protect against abuse. But now, cybercriminals are turning this trusted security mechanism into a tool for deception. Security researchers are sounding the alarm over a growing threat: fake CAPTCHAs designed to trick users into unknowingly installing malware. 

These phony tests imitate the real thing, often appearing as pop-up windows or embedded verification boxes on compromised websites. At first glance, they seem harmless—just another quick click on your way to a webpage. But a single interaction can trigger a hidden chain reaction that compromises your device. The tactic is subtle but effective. By replicating legitimate CAPTCHA interfaces, attackers play on instinct. Most users are conditioned to complete CAPTCHAs without much thought. That reflexive click becomes the entry point for malicious code. 

One reported incident involved a prompt asking users to paste a code into the Windows Run dialog—an action that launched malware installation scripts. Another campaign tied to the Quakbot malware family used similar deception, embedding CAPTCHAs that initiated background downloads and executed harmful commands with a single click. These attacks, often referred to as ClickFix CAPTCHA scams, are a form of social engineering—a psychological manipulation tactic hackers use to exploit human behavior. 

In this case, attackers are banking on your trust in familiar security prompts to lower your guard. The threat doesn’t stop at just fake clicks. Some CAPTCHAs redirect users to infected web pages, while others silently copy dangerous commands to the clipboard. In the worst cases, users are tricked into pressing keyboard shortcuts that launch Windows PowerShell, allowing attackers to run scripts that steal data, disable security software, or hijack system functions. 

Experts warn that this method is particularly dangerous because it blends in so well with normal browsing activity. Unlike more obvious phishing scams, fake CAPTCHA attacks don’t rely on emails or suspicious links—they happen right where users feel safe: in their browsers. To defend against these attacks, users must remain skeptical of CAPTCHAs that ask for more than a simple click. 

If a CAPTCHA ever requests you to enter text into system tools, press unusual key combinations, or follow unfamiliar instructions, stop immediately. Those are red flags. Moreover, ensure you have reliable antivirus protection installed and keep your browser and operating system updated. Visiting lesser-known websites? Use an ad blocker or security-focused browser extension to reduce exposure to malicious scripts. 

As CAPTCHA-based scams grow more sophisticated, digital vigilance is your best defense. The next time you’re asked to “prove you’re not a robot,” it might not be your humanity being tested—but your cybersecurity awareness.

Hackers Can Spy on Screens Using HDMI Radiation and AI Models

 

You may feel safe behind your screen, but it turns out that privacy might be more of an illusion than a fact. New research reveals that hackers have found an alarming way to peek at what’s happening on your display—without ever touching your computer. By tapping into the faint electromagnetic radiation that HDMI cables emit, they can now “listen in” on your screen and reconstruct what’s being shown with startling accuracy. 

Here’s how it works: when digital signals travel through HDMI cables from your computer to a monitor, they unintentionally give off tiny bursts of radiation. These signals, invisible to the naked eye, can be picked up using radio antennas or small, discreet devices planted nearby. Once captured, advanced AI tools get to work, decoding the radiation into readable screen content. 

The results? Up to 70% accuracy in reconstructing text—meaning everything from passwords and emails to private messages could be exposed. This new technique represents a serious leap in digital espionage. It doesn’t rely on malware or breaking into a network. Instead, it simply listens to the electronic “whispers” your hardware makes. It’s silent, stealthy, and completely undetectable to the average user. 

Worryingly, this method is already reportedly in use against high-profile targets like government agencies and critical infrastructure sites. These organizations often store and manage sensitive data that, if leaked, could cause major damage. While some have implemented shielding to block these emissions, not all are fully protected. And because this form of surveillance leaves virtually no trace, many attacks could be flying under the radar entirely. 

Hackers can go about this in two main ways: one, by sneaking a signal-collecting device into a location; or two, by using specialized antennas from nearby—like the building next door. Either way, they can eavesdrop on what’s displayed without ever getting physically close to the device. This new threat underscores the need for stronger physical and digital protections. 

As cyberattacks become more innovative, simply securing your data with passwords and firewalls isn’t enough. Shielding cables and securing workspaces might soon be as important as having good antivirus software. The digital age has brought us many conveniences—but with it comes a new breed of invisible spies.

Hackers Exploit Fortinet Firewall Bugs to Deploy Ransomware

 

Cybersecurity researchers have uncovered a new attack campaign in which hackers are exploiting vulnerabilities in Fortinet firewalls to breach corporate networks and deploy ransomware. The hacking group, tracked as “Mora_001,” is leveraging two specific flaws in Fortinet’s firewall software to infiltrate systems and launch a custom ransomware strain called “SuperBlack.” 

These vulnerabilities, tracked as CVE-2024-55591 and CVE-2025-24472, have been actively exploited since December 2024, despite Fortinet releasing patches in January 2025. Many organizations have yet to apply these critical updates, leaving their networks vulnerable. Once inside a network, the attackers conduct reconnaissance to identify valuable data before deploying ransomware. Instead of immediately encrypting files, they first exfiltrate sensitive information, a tactic that has become increasingly common among ransomware groups seeking to pressure victims into paying a ransom to prevent data leaks. 

Security researchers at Forescout observed that the Mora_001 group selectively encrypted file servers only after stealing critical data, making their attacks more damaging and difficult to recover from. There is strong evidence linking Mora_001 to the notorious LockBit ransomware gang. The SuperBlack ransomware strain appears to be based on a leaked builder from LockBit 3.0 attacks, and the ransom notes left by Mora_001 include the same contact details previously used by LockBit affiliates. This suggests that Mora_001 may be a current LockBit affiliate with distinct operational methods or a separate group that shares infrastructure and communication channels. 

Cybersecurity experts believe that Mora_001 is primarily targeting organizations that have not yet applied Fortinet’s security patches. Companies that failed to update their firewalls or properly harden their network configurations when the vulnerabilities were first disclosed are at the highest risk. The ransom notes used in these attacks also bear similarities to those used by other cybercriminal groups, such as the now-defunct ALPHV/BlackCat ransomware gang, further indicating connections within the ransomware ecosystem. 

Despite Fortinet releasing fixes for the affected vulnerabilities, unpatched systems remain an easy target for attackers. Security professionals are urging organizations to update their firewalls immediately and implement additional security measures to prevent unauthorized access. Best practices include applying all available patches, segmenting networks to restrict access to critical systems, monitoring for suspicious activity using endpoint detection and response tools, and maintaining secure offline backups. Organizations that fail to take these precautions risk falling victim to sophisticated ransomware attacks that can result in severe financial and operational damage.

Hackers Exploit ThinkPHP and ownCloud Vulnerabilities from 2022 and 2023

 

Hackers are increasingly exploiting outdated security flaws in poorly maintained systems, with vulnerabilities from 2022 and 2023 seeing a surge in attacks. According to threat intelligence platform GreyNoise, malicious actors are actively targeting CVE-2022-47945 and CVE-2023-49103, affecting the ThinkPHP Framework and the open-source ownCloud file-sharing solution. 

Both vulnerabilities are critical, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands or steal sensitive data, such as admin credentials and license keys. CVE-2022-47945 is a local file inclusion (LFI) flaw in ThinkPHP versions before 6.0.14. If the language pack feature is enabled, unauthenticated attackers can remotely execute operating system commands. 

Akamai reported that Chinese threat groups have exploited this flaw since late 2023, and GreyNoise recently detected 572 unique IPs actively attacking vulnerable systems. Despite having a low Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) rating of just 7% and not being listed in CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, CVE-2022-47945 remains under heavy assault. 

The second vulnerability, CVE-2023-49103, impacts ownCloud’s file-sharing software. It stems from a third-party library that leaks PHP environment details through a public URL. After its disclosure in November 2023, hackers began exploiting the flaw to steal sensitive data. A year later, it was named one of the FBI, CISA, and NSA’s top 15 most exploited vulnerabilities. 

Even though a patch was released over two years ago, many ownCloud systems remain unpatched and exposed. GreyNoise recently observed malicious activity from 484 unique IPs targeting this vulnerability. To defend against these active threats, users are strongly advised to upgrade to ThinkPHP 6.0.14 or later and ownCloud GraphAPI 0.3.1 or newer. 

Taking vulnerable systems offline or placing them behind a firewall can significantly reduce the attack surface and prevent exploitation. As hackers continue to leverage older, unpatched vulnerabilities, staying vigilant with timely updates and robust security practices remains crucial in protecting critical systems and sensitive data.

North Korean Hackers Suspected in $70M Phemex Crypto Exchange Exploit

 

A significant cyberattack on the Singapore-based cryptocurrency exchange Phemex has resulted in the loss of over $70 million in digital assets. Blockchain security experts believe the incident may be linked to North Korean hackers. The breach was detected on Thursday, prompting Phemex to suspend withdrawals after receiving alerts from security firms about unusual activity. 

Initially, approximately $30 million was reported stolen, but the attack persisted, leading to further asset depletion. The company’s CEO, Federico Variola, confirmed that the exchange’s cold wallets remained intact and unaffected. According to cybersecurity analysts, the tactics used in this attack resemble previous high-profile exploits targeting crypto exchanges.

The perpetrators swiftly transferred various tokens across multiple blockchain networks, beginning with high-value assets such as Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Solana (SOL), along with stablecoins like USDC and USDT. Since stablecoins can be frozen, the attackers quickly converted them into Ethereum before moving on to smaller, less liquid tokens. 

Researchers tracking the breach noted that hundreds of different cryptocurrencies were stolen, with attackers draining even minor altcoins. The process was reportedly carried out manually rather than through automated scripts, with assets transferred to fresh addresses before being laundered through additional layers of transactions. Experts believe the scale and coordination suggest the involvement of an experienced hacking group.  

A pseudonymous investigator known as SomaXBT.eth pointed to a North Korean-affiliated group as the likely culprit, noting similarities between this incident and previous attacks attributed to state-backed hackers. Another security analyst compared the breach to the attack on Japan’s DMM platform, which resulted in the theft of $308 million and was linked to the North Korean hacking group TraderTraitor. Data from blockchain explorers shows that the attackers utilized at least 275 transactions across Ethereum-based chains, using multiple addresses to siphon funds from networks such as Arbitrum, Base, Polygon, Optimism, and zkSync. 

Additionally, transactions were tracked across Avalanche, Binance Smart Chain, Polkadot, Solana, and Tron. A primary wallet connected to the breach handled at least $44 million in stolen funds, while notable amounts included $16 million in SOL, $12 million in XRP, and $5 million in BTC. Despite the losses, Phemex still holds roughly $1.8 billion in assets, the majority of which are in its native PT token, followed by significant holdings in Bitcoin and USDT. 

The exchange has announced that it is developing a compensation plan for affected users. As of the latest reports, activity from the attacker’s addresses appears to have ceased, with the final recorded transactions occurring around 10:00 AM ET.

Japan’s New Active Cyber Defence Strategy to Counter Growing Threats

 

Japan is taking decisive steps to enhance its cybersecurity through a new strategy of “active cyber defence.” This approach enables authorized hackers working for the police or Self-Defence Forces (SDF) to infiltrate servers and neutralize cyber-attack sources before they cause significant damage. The ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), led by Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, plans to introduce relevant legislation during the current parliamentary session. The urgency for stronger cybersecurity measures has escalated due to recent attacks. 

The National Police Agency (NPA) revealed that the Chinese state-linked hacking group MirrorFace was responsible for over 200 cyberattacks targeting Japan’s foreign ministries and semiconductor industry between 2019 and 2024. Additionally, cyber incursions since late December 2024 disrupted financial services, delayed flights, and exposed vulnerabilities in Japan’s critical infrastructure. Japan’s revised 2022 National Security Strategy identifies cyberattacks as a growing threat, likening cross-border hacks of civilian infrastructure to intimidation tactics that stop short of war. 

This has prompted Japan to expand its SDF cyber unit from 620 members in March 2024 to about 2,400 today, with plans to reach 4,000 personnel by 2028. However, this remains small compared to China’s estimated 30,000-member cyber-attack force. The proposed active defence strategy aims to bolster cooperation between public and private sectors, focusing on safeguarding critical infrastructure, such as energy, transportation, finance, and telecommunications. Japan also plans to establish a National Cyber Security Office in 2025 to coordinate cybersecurity policy, identify vulnerabilities, and advise private sector organizations. 

To prevent misuse, strict safeguards will accompany the strategy. Hackers will need prior approval to break into servers unless immediate action is required during active attacks. Penalties will address excessive monitoring or personal data leaks, ensuring transparency and public trust. Trend Micro’s recent findings underscore the importance of these measures. The security firm attributed recent cyberattacks to distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) campaigns launched by botnets. These attacks overwhelmed network servers with data, causing widespread disruptions to services like Japan Airlines and major banks. 

While Japan’s proactive approach is a significant step forward, experts like Professor Kazuto Suzuki caution that it may not deter all attackers. He notes that cyber deterrence is challenging due to the unpredictability of attackers’ methods. However, this strategy is expected to instill some fear of retaliation among hackers and strengthen Japan’s cybersecurity posture. As cyber threats evolve, Japan’s active defence initiative represents a critical effort to protect its infrastructure, economy, and national security from escalating digital risks.

ICAO Investigates Potential Data Breach Amid Cybersecurity Concerns

 

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a United Nations agency tasked with creating global aviation standards, has disclosed an investigation into a potential cybersecurity incident. Established in 1944, ICAO works with 193 member states to develop and implement aviation-related technical guidelines. The agency announced its inquiry on Monday, following reports of unauthorized access linked to a well-known cybercriminal group targeting international organizations.  

In its statement, ICAO confirmed it is examining allegations of a security breach and has already implemented precautionary measures to address the issue. While the organization did not provide specific details, it assured the public that a comprehensive investigation is underway. Additional updates will be shared once the preliminary analysis is complete. The investigation coincides with claims by a hacker using the alias “natohub,” who posted on BreachForums, a well-known hacking forum, alleging they had accessed and leaked ICAO’s data. 

According to the claims, the leak comprises 42,000 documents containing sensitive personal information, including names, dates of birth, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, and employment records. Another source suggested the leaked archive is approximately 2GB and contains data linked to 57,240 unique email accounts. ICAO has not verified the authenticity of these claims but has emphasized the seriousness with which it is handling the situation. 

This development follows a pattern of cyberattacks on United Nations agencies in recent years. In April 2024, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) launched an investigation into a ransomware attack reportedly orchestrated by the 8Base group. Similarly, in January 2021, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) experienced a breach that exposed over 100,000 records containing personally identifiable information. Earlier, in July 2019, UN networks in Vienna and Geneva suffered a significant breach through a SharePoint exploit. 

That attack compromised sensitive data, including staff records, health insurance details, and commercial contracts. A senior UN official later described the incident as a “major meltdown.” These recurring incidents highlight the increasing vulnerability of global organizations to cyber threats. Despite their critical roles in international operations, such institutions remain frequent targets for cybercriminals. 

This underscores the urgent need for robust cybersecurity measures to protect sensitive data from exploitation. As ICAO continues its investigation, it serves as a reminder of the evolving threats facing international organizations in a rapidly digitizing world. Enhanced vigilance and collaboration are essential to safeguarding global systems against future cyberattacks.

Hackers Infect Security Researchers with Malware to Steal WordPress Credentials

 

For the past year, a cyberattack campaign has been targeting security professionals, including red teamers, penetration testers, and researchers, infecting their systems with malware. The malicious software has been used to steal WordPress credentials and sensitive data while also installing cryptominers on compromised devices. Over 390,000 WordPress accounts have been affected, and multiple systems have been found mining Monero, a cryptocurrency favored for its anonymity.  

Researchers from Datadog Security Labs uncovered the attack in the NPM package repository and on GitHub. Checkmarx, another cybersecurity organization, also recently raised concerns about the same threat. The malicious package masqueraded as an XML-RPC implementation, first appearing in October 2023. Initially functional and legitimate, the package was updated 16 times before being identified as harmful in November 2024. The attackers adopted a calculated approach to gain trust within the developer community. Early versions of the package performed as advertised, but later updates introduced malicious functionality. 

Once installed, the malware activated every 12 hours, collecting sensitive information such as SSH keys and command-line histories. The stolen data was then exfiltrated through file-sharing platforms like Dropbox or File.io. This campaign’s impact extended further as unsuspecting security professionals integrated the compromised package into their own tools and projects. This turned the operation into a large-scale supply chain attack, increasing its reach and potential damage. The investigation revealed 68 systems actively mining Monero, likely using XMRig, a cryptomining tool commonly employed by cybercriminals. 

Monero’s untraceable nature makes it particularly appealing to threat actors. Despite extensive analysis, the identity of those behind the campaign remains unknown. The researchers assigned the group the identifier MUT-1224, an acronym for “Mysterious Unattributed Threat.” The incident highlights the persistent vulnerabilities in open-source software platforms, such as NPM and GitHub, which continue to be exploited for cyberattacks. Developers are urged to exercise caution when incorporating third-party software into their projects, thoroughly vetting code repositories and reviewing package histories to minimize risks. This malware campaign also underscores the growing sophistication of cybercriminals, who are increasingly leveraging supply chain vulnerabilities to expand their reach. 

By infiltrating widely used platforms and tools, attackers can affect a vast number of users and systems. To mitigate these threats, organizations must prioritize robust security practices, including regular monitoring of open-source dependencies, deploying tools for detecting malicious code, and educating teams on the risks associated with third-party software. This proactive approach is essential for safeguarding sensitive data and maintaining system integrity in an era of increasingly complex cyber threats.

The Dark Web’s Role in Phishing and 2FA Security Breaches

 


Black Friday and Cyber Monday may have passed, but the dangers of online scams and cyberattacks persist year-round. Cybercriminals continue to exploit digital shoppers, leveraging sophisticated tools such as phishing kits, fake websites, and cookie grabbers that bypass two-factor authentication (2FA). These tools, widely available on dark web marketplaces, turn online shopping into a risky endeavour, particularly during the peak holiday season.

Cybercriminal Tools: A Growing Threat

Dark web marketplaces operate like legitimate businesses, offering everything from free phishing kits to subscription-based malware services. According to NordStellar threat intelligence:

  • Phishing kits: Often free or low-cost, enable hackers to replicate authentic websites.
  • Fake website templates: Start at $50, tricking users into sharing personal information.
  • Malware subscriptions: Priced at $150 per month, provide hackers with advanced tools.
  • Cookie grabber pages: Sell for $400 or more, enabling access to user accounts by bypassing login credentials and 2FA.

These illicit tools are increasingly accessible, with some even offered at discounted rates during the holiday season. The result is an alarming rise in phishing scams targeting fake shopping sites, with 84% of victims interacting with these scams and nearly half losing money.

The Role of Stolen Cookies in Cybercrime

Session cookies, particularly authentication cookies, are a prized asset for hackers. NordStellar reports over 54 billion stolen cookies available on the dark web, including:

  • 154 million authentication cookies, 23.5 million of which remain active.
  • 37 million login cookies, with 6.6 million still usable.
  • 30 million session cookies capable of bypassing 2FA.

These cookies allow attackers to impersonate legitimate users, gaining unauthorized access to accounts without requiring passwords or verification codes. This capability makes cookie-grabber pages one of the most valuable tools in the hacker’s arsenal.

Protecting Yourself from Cyber Threats

Google has introduced measures like passkeys to combat these threats, offering a more secure alternative to traditional 2FA methods. A Google spokesperson emphasized that passkeys reduce phishing risks and strengthen security against social engineering attacks. Consumers can take additional steps to safeguard their online accounts:

  • Scrutinize links and websites to avoid phishing scams.
  • Switch to advanced authentication methods such as passkeys where available.
  • Stay informed about emerging cyber threats and adopt proactive security practices.

By remaining vigilant and embracing stronger authentication technologies, shoppers can minimize the risks posed by cybercriminals and their evolving arsenal of dark web tools.

Amazon Fined for Twitch Data Breach Impacting Turkish Nationals

 

Türkiye has imposed a $58,000 fine on Amazon for a data breach that occurred on its subsidiary, Twitch, in 2021. The breach exposed sensitive personal information of thousands of Turkish citizens, drawing scrutiny from the country’s Personal Data Protection Board (KVKK). The incident began when an anonymous hacker leaked Twitch’s entire source code, along with personally identifiable information (PII) of users, in a massive 125 GB torrent posted on the 4chan imageboard. The KVKK investigation revealed that 35,274 Turkish nationals were directly affected by the leak. 

As a result, KVKK levied fines totaling 2 million lira, including 1.75 million lira for Amazon’s failure to implement adequate preemptive security measures and 250,000 lira for not reporting the breach in a timely manner. According to the regulatory body, Twitch’s risk and threat assessments were insufficient, leaving users’ data vulnerable to exploitation. The board concluded that the company only addressed the vulnerabilities after the breach had already occurred. Twitch, acquired by Amazon in 2014 for $970 million, attempted to minimize concerns by assuring users that critical login credentials and payment information had not been exposed. The company stated that passwords were securely hashed with bcrypt, a strong encryption method, and claimed that systems storing sensitive financial data were not accessed. 

However, the leaked information still contained sensitive PII, leading to significant privacy concerns, particularly for Turkish users who were impacted. The motivation behind the hack was reportedly ideological rather than financial. According to reports from the time, the hacker expressed dissatisfaction with the Twitch community and aimed to disrupt the platform by leaking the data. The individual claimed their intent was to “foster more disruption and competition in the online video streaming space.” While this rationale highlighted frustrations with Twitch’s dominance in the industry, the data breach had far-reaching consequences, including legal action, reputational damage, and increased regulatory scrutiny. Türkiye’s actions against Amazon and Twitch underline the growing importance of adhering to local data protection laws in an increasingly interconnected world. 

The fines imposed by KVKK serve as a reminder that global corporations must ensure compliance with regional regulations to avoid significant penalties and reputational harm. Türkiye’s regulations align with broader trends, as data privacy and security become critical components of global business practices. This incident also underscores the evolving nature of cybersecurity challenges. Hackers continue to exploit vulnerabilities in popular platforms, putting pressure on companies to proactively identify and address risks before they lead to breaches. As regulatory bodies like KVKK become more assertive in holding companies accountable, the need for robust data protection frameworks has never been more urgent. The Twitch breach also serves as a case study for the importance of transparency and swift response in the aftermath of cyberattacks. 

While Twitch’s reassurances regarding encrypted data helped mitigate some concerns, the lack of prompt reporting to Turkish authorities drew criticism. Companies handling large amounts of user data must prioritize both preventive measures and clear communication strategies to regain user trust after incidents. Looking forward, the Twitch data breach highlights the necessity for all companies—especially those managing sensitive user data—to invest in proactive cybersecurity strategies. As hackers grow increasingly sophisticated, businesses must adopt a forward-thinking approach to safeguard their platforms, comply with local laws, and ensure users’ privacy remains uncompromised.

Hungarian Defence Agency Hacked: Foreign Hackers Breach IT Systems

 

Foreign hackers recently infiltrated the IT systems of Hungary’s Defence Procurement Agency, a government body responsible for managing the country’s military acquisitions. According to Gergely Gulyas, the chief of staff to Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, no sensitive military data related to Hungary’s national security or its military structure was compromised during the breach. Speaking at a press briefing, Gulyas confirmed that while some plans and procurement data may have been accessed, nothing that could significantly harm Hungary’s security was made public. The attackers, described as a “hostile foreign, non-state hacker group,” have not been officially identified by name. 

However, Hungarian news outlet Magyar Hang reported that a group known as INC Ransomware claimed responsibility for the breach. According to the outlet, the group accessed, encrypted, and reportedly published some files online, along with screenshots to demonstrate their access. The Hungarian government has refrained from confirming these details, citing an ongoing investigation to assess the breach’s scope and potential impact fully. Hungary, a NATO member state sharing a border with Ukraine, has been increasing its military investments since 2017 under a modernization and rearmament initiative. 

This program has seen the purchase of tanks, helicopters, air defense systems, and the establishment of a domestic military manufacturing industry. Among the notable projects is the production of Lynx infantry fighting vehicles by Germany’s Rheinmetall in Zalaegerszeg, a region in western Hungary. The ongoing conflict in Ukraine, which began with Russia’s 2022 invasion, has further driven Hungary to increase its defense spending. The government recently announced plans to allocate at least 2% of its GDP to military expenditures in 2024. Gulyas assured reporters that Hungary’s most critical military data remains secure. 

The Defence Procurement Agency itself does not handle sensitive information related to military operations or structural details, limiting the potential impact of the breach. The investigation aims to clarify whether the compromised files include any material that could pose broader risks to the nation’s defense strategy. The breach raises concerns about the cybersecurity measures protecting Hungary’s defense systems, particularly given the escalating reliance on advanced technology in modern military infrastructure. With ransomware attacks becoming increasingly sophisticated, governments and agencies globally are facing heightened pressure to bolster their cybersecurity defenses. 

Hungary’s response to this incident will likely involve a combination of intensified cybersecurity protocols and ongoing collaboration with NATO allies to mitigate similar threats in the future. As the investigation continues, the government is expected to release further updates about the breach’s scope and any additional preventive measures being implemented.