The recent cyberattack on UnitedHealth has now been confirmed as the biggest health care data breach ever recorded, affecting more than 192 million people, over one-third of the U.S. population.
When news of the incident first broke in 2023, reports estimated around 100 million individuals had been impacted. Updated figures released by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services now show the scale was nearly twice as large, with 192.7 million people’s personal and medical information exposed.
The stolen data is said to include highly sensitive details such as medical records, diagnoses, test results, treatment information, and insurance identifiers. In addition, Social Security numbers, driver’s license details, billing information, payment data, and claims history were also compromised. The breadth of this information makes the breach especially serious, as it extends beyond health data into financial and personal identity details.
The attack targeted Change Healthcare, a technology subsidiary of UnitedHealth that processes payments for many major health insurance providers. According to congressional testimony earlier this year, hackers gained access to company systems through stolen employee login details. Critically, the system they broke into did not have multi-factor authentication enabled, making it easier to exploit.
The group responsible, known as BlackCat, used ransomware to disrupt claims processing and patient care systems nationwide. UnitedHealth paid a ransom reportedly worth $22 million to secure deletion of the stolen files, but investigators later found the attackers had not honored the agreement. After receiving payment, the group disappeared and shut down its servers.
What this means for individuals
Given the enormous number of people affected, many Americans may find their private information exposed. While there is no way to undo the breach, individuals can take steps to reduce risks.
Experts recommend:
1. Identity protection services: These can alert you to unusual use of your information and often provide insurance against fraud.
2. Stronger device security: Reliable antivirus programs help block malware and often include additional tools such as virtual private networks (VPNs) for safer browsing.
3. Account monitoring: Keep a close eye on bank, insurance, and medical accounts for suspicious activity.
4. Vigilance against scams: Many attackers follow up breaches with phishing emails or fake offers. Do not click links or open attachments from unknown sources, even if they appear official.
It is also important to remain cautious on social media and to avoid offers or messages that appear too good to be true, as these are common tactics in social engineering attacks.
The UnitedHealth incident underscores how cyberattacks on critical infrastructure can have wide-reaching consequences. For the millions affected, awareness and proactive security measures are now essential in limiting further damage.