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Showing posts with label online misinformation. Show all posts

Deepfakes Are More Polluting Than People Think

 


Artificial intelligence, while blurring the lines between imagination and reality, is causing a new digital controversy to unfold at a time when ethics and creativity have become less important and the digital realm has become a much more fluid one. 

With the advent of advanced artificial intelligence platforms such as OpenAI's Sora, deepfake videos have been able to flood social media feeds with astoundingly lifelike representations of celebrities and historic figures, resurrected in scenes that at times appear sensational but at other times are deeply offensive, thanks to advanced artificial intelligence platforms.

In fact, the phenomenon has caused widespread concern amongst families of revered personalities such as Dr Martin Luther King Jr. Several people are publicly urging technology companies to put more safeguards in place to prevent the unauthorised use of their loved ones' likenesses.

However, as the debate over the ethical boundaries of synthetic media intensifies, there is one hidden aspect of the issue that is quietly surfacing, namely, the hidden environmental impact that synthetic media has on the environment. 

The creation of these hyperrealistic videos requires a great deal of computational power, as explained by Dr Kevin Grecksch, a professor at the University of Oxford. They also require a substantial amount of energy and water to maintain the necessary cooling systems within the data centres. Despite appearing as a fleeting piece of digital art, it has a significant environmental cost hidden beneath it, adding an unexpected layer of concerns surrounding the digital revolution that is a growing concern. 

As social media platforms have grown, there has been an increasing prevalence of deepfake videos, whose uncanny realism has captured audiences while blurring the line between truth and fabrication, while also captivating them. 

As AI-powered tools such as OpenAI's Sora have become more widely available, these videos have become viral as a result of being able to conjure up lifelike portraits of individuals – some of whom have long passed away – into fabricated scenes that range from bizarre to deeply inappropriate in nature. 

Several families who have been portrayed in this disturbing trend, including that of Dr Martin Luther King Jr., have raised alarm over the trend and have called on technology companies to prevent unauthorised digital resurrections of their loved ones. However, there is much more to the controversy surrounding deepfakes than just issues of dignity and consent at play. 

Despite the convincingly rendered nature of these videos, Dr Kevin Grecksch, a lecturer at Oxford University, has stressed that these videos have a significant ecological impact that is often overlooked. Generating such content is dependent upon the installation of powerful data centres that consume vast amounts of electricity and water to cool, resources that contribute substantially to the growing environmental footprint of this technology on a large scale. 

It has emerged that deep fakes, a form of synthetic media that is rapidly advancing, are one of the most striking examples of how artificial intelligence is reshaping digital communication. By combining complex deep learning algorithms with a massive dataset, these technologies can convincingly replace or manipulate faces, voices, and even gestures with ease. 

The likeness of one person is seamlessly merged with the likeness of another, creating a seamless transition from one image to the next. Additionally, shallow fakes, which are less technologically complex but equally important, are also closely related, but they rely on simple editing techniques to distort reality to an alarming degree, blurring the line between authenticity and fabrication. The proliferation of deepfakes has accelerated rapidly at an unprecedented pace over the past few years. 

A new report suggests that the number of such videos that circulate online has doubled every six months. It is estimated that there will be 500,000 deepfake videos and audio clips being shared globally by 2023, and if current trends hold true, this number is expected to reach almost 8 million by 2025. Using advanced artificial intelligence tools and the availability of publicly available data, experts attribute this explosive growth to the fact that these tools are widely accessible and there is a tremendous amount of public data, which creates an ideal environment for manipulated media to flourish. 

As a result of the rise of deepfake technology, legal and policy circles have been riddled with intense debate, underscoring the urgency of redefining the boundaries of accountability in an era in which synthetic media is so prevalent. With hyper-realistic digital forgeries created by advanced deep learning algorithms, which are very realistic, it poses a complex challenge that goes well beyond the technological edge. 

Legal scholars have warned that deep fakes pose a significant threat to privacy, intellectual property, and dignity, while also undermining public trust in the information they provide. A growing body of evidence suggests that these fabrications may carry severe social, ethical, and legal consequences not only from their ability to mislead but also from their ability to influence electoral outcomes and facilitate non-consensual pornography, all of which carry severe social, ethical, and legal consequences. 

In an effort to contain the threat, the European Union is enforcing legislation such as its Artificial Intelligence Act and Digital Services Act, which aim to assign responsibility for large online platforms and establish standards for the governance of Artificial Intelligence. Even so, experts contend that such initiatives remain insufficient due to the absence of comprehensive definitions, enforcement mechanisms, and protocols for assisting victims. 

Moreover, the situation is compounded by a fragmented international approach: although many states in the United States have enacted laws addressing fake media, there are still inconsistencies across jurisdictions, and countries like Canada continue to face challenges in regulating deepfake pornography and other forms of synthetic nonconsensual media. 

Social media has become an increasingly important platform for spreading manipulated media, which in turn increases these risks. Scholars have advocated sweeping reforms, which range from stricter privacy laws to recalibrating free speech to preemptive restrictions on deepfake generation, to mitigate future damage that is likely to occur. This includes identity theft, fraud, and other harms that existing legal systems are incapable of dealing with. 

It is important to note that ethical concerns are also emerging outside of the policy arena, in unexpected circumstances, such as the use of deep fakes in grief therapy and entertainment, where the line between emotional comfort and manipulation becomes dangerously blurred during times of emotional distress. 

The researchers, who are calling for better detection and prevention frameworks, are reaching a common conclusion: ideepfakes must be regulated in a manner that strikes a delicate balance between innovation and protection, ensuring that technological advances do not take away truth, justice, or human dignity as a result. This era of synthetic media has provoked a heated debate within legal and policy circles concerning the rise of deepfake technology, emphasising the importance of redefining the boundaries of accountability in a world where deep fakes have become a common phenomenon.

The hyper-realistic digital forgeries produced by advanced deep learning algorithms pose a challenge that goes well beyond the novelty of technology. There is considerable concern that deepfakes may threaten the integrity of information, as well as undermine public trust in it, while also undermining the core principles of privacy, intellectual property, and personal dignity. 

As a result of the fabrications' ability to distort reality, it has already been reported that they are capable of spreading misinformation, influencing elections, and facilitating nonconsensual pornography, all of which can have serious social, ethical, and legal repercussions. In an effort to contain the threat, the European Union is enforcing legislation such as its Artificial Intelligence Act and Digital Services Act, which aim to assign responsibility for large online platforms and establish standards for the governance of Artificial Intelligence.

Even so, experts contend that such initiatives remain insufficient due to the absence of comprehensive definitions, enforcement mechanisms, and protocols for assisting victims. Inconsistencies persist across jurisdictions, which further complicates the situation. While some U.S. states have enacted laws to address false media, there are still inconsistencies across jurisdictions, and countries such as Canada are still struggling with how to regulate non-consensual synthetic materials, including deepfake pornography and other forms of pseudo-synthetic material. 

Social media has become an increasingly important platform for spreading manipulated media, which in turn increases these risks. Scholars have advocated sweeping reforms, which range from stricter privacy laws to recalibrating free speech to preemptive restrictions on deepfake generation, to mitigate future damage that is likely to occur. This includes identity theft, fraud, and other harms that existing legal systems are incapable of dealing with. 

Additionally, ethical concerns are emerging beyond the realm of policy as well, in unexpected contexts such as those regarding deepfakes' use in grief therapy and entertainment, where the line between emotional comfort and manipulative behaviours becomes a dangerous blur to the point of becoming dangerously indistinguishable. 

Research suggests that more robust detection and prevention frameworks are needed to detect and prevent deepfakes. One conclusion becomes increasingly evident as a result of these findings: the regulation of deepfakes requires a delicate balance between innovation and protection, so that progress in technology does not trample upon truth, justice, and human dignity in its wake. 

A growing number of video generation tools powered by artificial intelligence have become so popular that they have transformed online content creation, but have also raised serious concerns about the environmental consequences of these tools. Data centres are the vast digital backbones that make such technologies possible, and they use large quantities of electricity and fresh water to cool servers on a large scale. 

The development of applications like OpenAI’s Sora has made it easy for users to create and share hyperrealistic videos quickly, but social media platforms have also seen an increase in deepfake content, which has helped such apps rise to the top of the global download charts. Within just five days, Sora had over one million downloads within just five days, cementing its position as the dominant app in the US Apple App Store. 

In the midst of this surge of creative enthusiasm, however, there is a growing environmental dilemma that has been identified by DDrKevin Grecksch of the University of Oxford in his recently published warning against ignoring the water and energy demands of AI infrastructure. He urged users and policymakers alike to be aware that digital innovation has a significant ecological footprint, and that it takes a lot of water to carry out, and that it needs to be carefully considered when using water. 

It has been argued that the "cat is out of the sack" with the adoption of artificial intelligence, but that more integrated planning is imperative when it comes to determining where and how data-centric systems should be built and cooled. 

A warning he made was that even though the government envisions South Oxfordshire as a potential hub for the development of artificial intelligence, insufficient attention has been paid to the environmental logistics, particularly where the necessary water supply will come from. Since enthusiasm for the development of generative technologies continues to surge, experts insist that the conversation regarding the future of AI needs to go beyond innovation and efficiency, encompassing sustainability, resource management, and long-term environmental responsibility. 

There is no denying that the future of artificial intelligence demands more than admiration for its brilliance as it stands at a crossroads between innovation and accountability, but responsibility as to how it is applied. Even though deepfake technology is a testament to human ingenuity, it should be governed by ethics, regulation, and sustainability, as well as other factors.

There is a need to collaborate between policymakers, technology firms, and environmental authorities in order to develop frameworks which protect both digital integrity as well as natural resources. For a safer and more transparent digital era, we must encourage the use of renewdatacentresin datacentress, enforce stricter consent-based media laws, and invest in deepfake detection systems in order to ensure that deepfake detection systems are utilised. 

AI offers the promise of creating a world without human intervention, yet its promise lies in our capacity to control its outcomes - ensuring that in a world increasingly characterised by artificial intelligence, progress remains a force for truth, equity, and ecological balance.

The Threat of Bots and Fake Users to Internet Integrity and Business Security

 

 
The bots account for 47% of all internet traffic, with "bad bots" making up 30% of that total, as per a recent report by Imperva .These significant numbers threaten the very foundation of the open web.Even when a user is genuinely human, it's likely that their account is a fake identity, making "fake users" almost as common online as real ones.

In Israel, folks are well-acquainted with the existential risks posed by bot campaigns. Following October 7, widespread misinformation campaigns orchestrated by bots and fake accounts swayed public opinion and policymakers.

The New York Times, monitoring online activity during the war, discovered that “in a single day after the conflict began, roughly 1 in 4 accounts on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and X, formerly Twitter, discussing the conflict appeared to be fake... In the 24 hours following the Al-Ahli Arab hospital blast, more than 1 in 3 accounts posting about it on X were fake.” With 82 countries holding elections in 2024, the threat posed by bots and fake users is reaching critical levels. Just last week, OpenAI had to disable an account belonging to an Iranian group using its ChatGPT bot to create content aimed at influencing the US elections.

The influence of bots on elections and their broader impact is alarming. As Rwanda geared up for its July elections, Clemson University researchers identified 460 accounts spreading AI-generated messages on X in support of President Paul Kagame. Additionally, in the last six months, the Atlantic Council’s Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab) detected influence campaigns targeting Georgian protesters and spreading falsehoods about the death of an Egyptian economist, all driven by inauthentic accounts on X.

Bots and fake users pose severe risks to national security, but online businesses are also significantly affected.Consider a scenario where 30-40% of all digital traffic for a business is generated by bots or fake users. This situation results in skewed data that leads to flawed decision-making, misinterpretation of customer behaviors, misdirected efforts by sales teams, and developers focusing on products that are falsely perceived as in demand. The consequences are staggering. A study by CHEQ.ai, a Key1 portfolio company and go-to-market security platform, found that in 2022 alone, over $35 billion was wasted on advertising, and more than $140 billion in potential revenue was lost.

Ultimately, fake users and bots undermine the very foundations of modern business, creating distrust in data, results, and even among teams.

The introduction of Generative AI has further complicated the issue by making it easier to create bots and fake identities, lowering the barriers for attacks, increasing their sophistication, and expanding their reach. The scope of this problem is immense. 

Education is a crucial element in fighting the online epidemic of fake accounts. By raising awareness of the tactics used by bots and fake users, society can be empowered to recognize and reduce their impact. Identifying inauthentic users—such as those with incomplete profiles, generic information, repetitive phrases, unusually high activity levels, shallow content, and limited engagement—is a critical first step. However, as bots become more sophisticated, this challenge will only grow, highlighting the need for continuous education and vigilance.

Moreover, public policies and regulations must be implemented to restore trust in digital spaces. For instance, governments could mandate that large social networks adopt advanced bot-mitigation tools to better police fake accounts.

Finding the right balance between preserving the freedom of these platforms, ensuring the integrity of posted information, and mitigating potential harm is challenging but necessary for the longevity of these networks.

On the business side, various tools have been developed to tackle and block invalid traffic. These range from basic bot mitigation solutions that prevent Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks to specialized software that protects APIs from bot-driven data theft attempts.

Advanced bot-mitigation solutions use sophisticated algorithms that conduct real-time tests to verify traffic integrity. These tests assess account behavior, interaction levels, hardware characteristics, and the use of automation tools. They also detect non-human behavior, such as abnormally fast typing, and review email and domain histories.

While AI has contributed to the bot problem, it also offers powerful solutions to combat it. AI’s advanced pattern recognition capabilities allow for more precise and rapid differentiation between legitimate and fake bots. Companies like CHEQ.ai are leveraging AI to help marketers ensure their ads reach real human users and are placed in secure, bot-free environments, countering the growing threat of bots in digital advertising.

From national security to business integrity, the consequences of the “fake internet” are vast and serious. However, there are several effective methods to address the problem that deserve renewed focus from both the public and private sectors. By raising awareness, enhancing regulation, and instituting active protection, we can collectively contribute to a more accurate and safer internet environment.