According to Veeam’s advisory released on Tuesday, the vulnerability can be exploited by any authenticated domain user to execute code remotely on the backup server. The flaw requires minimal attack complexity and affects versions of Veeam Backup & Replication 12 and later. The issue has been resolved in version 12.3.2.3617, made available earlier today.
Although the vulnerability is confined to domain-joined setups, it poses a significant risk due to the ease with which domain users can leverage it. Alarmingly, many organizations have connected their backup servers to Windows domains, going against Veeam’s own security recommendations. These guidelines suggest using a separate Active Directory Forest for backups and enforcing two-factor authentication on administrative accounts to reduce exposure.
This is not the first time a serious RCE flaw has been found in Veeam’s software. In March 2025, another vulnerability (CVE-2025-23120) was patched that similarly affected domain-joined installations. Earlier, in September 2024, another VBR vulnerability (CVE-2024-40711) was exploited in the wild, eventually being used to deliver the Frag ransomware. That same flaw was later linked to Akira and Fog ransomware attacks starting in October.
Cybercriminals have increasingly targeted Veeam Backup & Replication servers as part of their ransomware campaigns.
These systems often store critical backups, making them ideal targets for attackers looking to maximize damage. Ransomware operators frequently aim to disable these systems before launching full-scale attacks, making recovery more difficult for the victim.
Historically, ransomware groups such as Cuba, as well as financially motivated actors like FIN7—known for collaborating with major ransomware operations like REvil, Maze, Conti, and BlackBasta—have been seen exploiting VBR vulnerabilities.
With over 550,000 organizations relying on Veeam’s solutions globally, including the majority of Fortune 500 companies and most of the Global 2000, the potential impact of such flaws is significant. These repeated discoveries of critical vulnerabilities highlight the urgent need for enterprises to follow recommended configurations and keep their backup software up to date.
