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Windows
blocking unauthorized access Cyberattacks CyberCrime Cybersecurity Data Breach Deleted Files IT Professional Windows

Preventing Unauthorised Recovery of Deleted Files

 


As far as users are concerned, once a file is removed from their computer, it is forever gone. However, the reality is more complex. The likelihood of recovering a deleted file depends on how it was deleted, as well as where it came from. It is common for a Windows computer to move files from its internal storage area to the Recycle Bin, which allows users to easily restore files that have been deleted from the Windows computer's internal storage. 

It is also worth mentioning that if the file is deleted using the Shift + Delete mode or if it is removed from an external device such as an external hard drive, it bypasses the Recycle Bin and appears to have been permanently deleted. Despite this, the data is not erased from the system immediately. When users mark the hard drive space as available, Windows makes sure that the original file content remains unchanged until new data is written over it. 

During this time, the computer can be used for file recovery with the appropriate methods or software, so users have a window of opportunity to recover lost files. Understanding these mechanisms is key not only to regaining access to lost files but also to ensuring the permanent and secure deletion of confidential data whenever necessary. 

A file deletion is not a direct removal of data from a digital devicee, contrary to popular belief; merely an update to the file system is performed by the operating system as a way to notify the operating system that space previously occupied by the deleted file is now available for new data. While the visible references to the file, such as its name and path, are removed from the storage medium, the data within the file remains intact until it is overwritten with new information.

There severalr of risks involved in handling sensitive or confidential material, including this temporary persistence, because the data is potentially recoverable through specialized means, and thus creates a vulnerability. In general, the notion that files can be permanently deleted is often misunderstood by individuals organisationsions, resulting in an underestimation of the risk associated with improper data disposal. 

The majority of deleted files can be recovered by using advanced recovery software to scan storage devices for residual data patterns and file signatures. In reality, these software programs can be used to recover many deleted files. Several factors influence the success of these efforts, such as the amount of new data that has been written to the device since the deletion, and the type of storage hardware involved. As beneficial as this recovery potential may be for accidental deletions, it also highlights a critical challenge in the field of data security when it comes to data security. 

Without deliberate and thorough methods of sanitisation, deleted files may still be accessible, posing a threat to data privacy and compliance. Increasing volumes of digital information, as well as their sensitivity, make it increasingly necessary to know how to delete a file and be aware of the limitations of basic removal methods for managing data responsibly. 

Although conventional deletion methods are limited to removing file references and leaving the actual data intact in recoverable sectors, tspecialisedized tool uses secure overwriting methtor to prevent data recovery from being possible, even with advanced forensic software. This tool actively seeks unallocated disk space to ensure that previously deleted data is permanently removed from the storage device by overwriting the overwritten files. 

The tool's interface was streamlined to accommodate ease of use, and it features a simple drag-and-drop interface to support intuitive operations. The application can be used to delete selected files or folders instantly, while broader drive-level functions can completely sanitise leftover data remnants left behind by routine data deletions. 

The application has a minimalistic appearance, but is purpose-driven and efficient, requiring only a few actions to safely dispose of the information it contains. There are no advanced overwrite configurations available in the tool, but it is compatible with Windows 7, 10, and 11 systems. However, it does not support advanced overwrite configurations such as Dod 522022-M or Gutmann methoDespitee of this limitation, the default overwrite process is sufficient for most consumer and professional applications, providing adequate protection against attempts to retrieve the information.

As a result of the unrestricted usage of this solution across multiple devices and the lack of installation requirements, it is particularly useful for IT professionals managing hardware upgrades or for people who wish to secure their data. The application is an efficient and reliable alternative to more complex and resource-intensive software that offers a variety of benefits in the process of removing files securely. 

The recovery of recently deleted files on a Windows system can be accomplished through several practical methods, each varying in complexity and effectiveness based on what the deletion was about. It is important to know that one of the most immediate methods is to use the shortcut key Ctrl + Z, which is a built-in Windows function which allows users to reverse recent actions, including deletions of files. 

When a file has been deleted from the computer and no further operations have overwritten it, this approach is often effective and quick for retrieval. Nevertheless, it is limited in its usefulness; it is unable to recover files that have been permanently deleted or those whose contents have been overwritten by subsequent data writing. Another commonly used technique is to inspect the Recycle Bin, which serves as a temporary storage place for files deleted by the standard processes. 

In the case that deleted items are still present, it is easy to recover them either by dragging them back to the desired location or by right-clicking and selecting the "Restore" option to put them back in their original locations. Despite being a straightforward solution to a problem, this method can only be used to restore non-permanently deleted data. When the Recycle Bin does not help, it becomes necessary to assess whether the deleted files were backed up at some point in the past. 

 It is possible to still retrieve data that has been transferred to external storage devices, synced to cloud services, or archived using a third-party backup software tool, even if they have been movedsynchronisedized. Windows' built-in File History feature, for example, makes it possible for users to browse through older versions of files and restore them relatively easily if it has been set up correctly before deleting them. 

It is usually necessary to develop dedicated recovery solutions in case of more complex data loss scenarios, such as those involving permanent deletion, malware interference, Shift + Delete commands, or corrupted file systems. Of these, MiniTool Power Data Recovery stands out amongst them as a robust, easy-to-use option, with a wide spectrum of data loss events that can be handled by the software, including those caused by antivirus software, system errors, or CHKDSK. 

With the ability to recover a variety of types of files, including documents, multimedia files, system data, and even optical disks, it is capable of retrieving data from a wide range of media. For example, it can recover data from hard drivHDDSHDDs), solid-state drivSSDSSSDs), USB flash drives, SD cards, and even optical disks. 

There is a free edition of the tool that is compatible with Windows versions 8 through 11, which includes up to 1 GB of complimentary data recovery, making it an ideal solution for both individual and professional users must understandtand the different techniques and choose the appropriate method based on the specific circumstances surrounding the loss of the file, which highlights the significance of understanding the different methods. 

Data confidentiality must be ensured by user organisations in a way that goes beyond basic deletion methods and adopts secure erasure practices. The fact that deleted files are recoverable reinforces the importance of reliable tools sanitising data. Data disposal should be handled proactively to maintain privacy, prevent breaches, to meet security standards in the digital era.
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Youtube
Cyber Security Neptune RAT Passwords virus Windows Youtube

New Virus Spreading Through YouTube Puts Windows Users at Risk

 




A new type of digital threat is quietly spreading online, and it’s mainly affecting people who use Windows computers. This threat, called Neptune RAT, is a kind of harmful software that allows hackers to take over someone’s system from a distance. Once installed, it can collect personal data, spy on the user’s activity, and even lock files for ransom.

What’s especially worrying is how the virus is spreading. It’s being shared through common platforms like YouTube, GitHub, and Telegram. Hackers are offering this tool as part of a paid service, which makes it easier for many cybercriminals to get access to it.


What Makes Neptune RAT So Dangerous?

Neptune RAT is not an ordinary computer virus. It can do many harmful things at once, making it a serious risk to anyone who accidentally installs it.

One of its tricks is swapping digital wallet addresses during cryptocurrency transfers. This means someone could send money thinking it’s going to the right person, but it actually ends up in a hacker’s account.

Another feature allows it to collect usernames and passwords stored on the victim’s device. It targets popular programs and web browsers, which could let hackers break into email accounts, social media, or online banking services.

Even more troubling, Neptune RAT includes a feature that can lock files on the user’s system. The attacker can then demand money to unlock them— this is what’s known as ransomware.

To make things worse, the virus can turn off built-in security tools like Windows Defender. That makes it much harder to spot or remove. Some versions of the virus even allow hackers to view the victim’s screen while they’re using it, which could lead to serious privacy issues.

If the hacker decides they no longer need the device, the virus can erase all the data, leaving the victim with nothing.


How to Stay Protected

To avoid being affected by this virus, it’s important to be careful when clicking on links or downloading files— especially from YouTube, GitHub, or Telegram. Never download anything unless you fully trust the source.

Although antivirus software is helpful, this particular virus can get past many of them. That’s why extra steps are needed, such as:

1. Using different passwords for each account  

2. Saving important files in a secure backup  

3. Avoiding links or downloads from strangers  

4. Enabling extra security features like two-factor authentication

Staying alert and employing good online habits is the best way to avoid falling victim to harmful software like Neptune RAT.


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Windows
ChatGPT Cyber Crime Data Leak Microsoft Windows

Hacker's Dual Identity: Cybercriminal vs Bug Bounty Hunter

Hacker's Dual Identity: Cybercriminal vs Bug Bounty Hunter

EncryptHub is an infamous threat actor responsible for breaches at 618 organizations. The hacker reported two Windows zero-day flaws to Microsoft, exposing a conflicted figure that blurs the lines between cybercrime and security research. 

The reported flaws are CVE-2025-24061 (Mark of the Web bypass) and CVE-2025-24071 (File Explorer spoofing), which Microsoft fixed in its March 2025 Patch Tuesday updates, giving credit to the reporter as ‘SkorikARI.’ In this absurd incident, the actor had dual identities—EncryptHub and SkorikARI. The entire case shows us an individual who works in both cybersecurity and cybercrime. 

Discovery of EncryptHub’s dual identity 

Outpost24 linked SkorikARI and EncryptHub via a security breach, where the latter mistakenly revealed their credentials, exposing links to multiple accounts. The disclosed profile showed the actor’s swing between malicious activities and cybersecurity operations. 

Actor tried to sell zero-day on dark web

Outpost24’ security researcher Hector Garcia said the “hardest evidence was from the fact that the password files EncryptHub exfiltrated from his system had accounts linked to both EncryptHub” such as credentials to EncryptRAT- still in development, or “his account on xss.is, and to SkorikARI, like accesses to freelance sites or his own Gmail account.” 

Garcia also said there was a login to “hxxps://github[.]com/SkorikJR,” which was reported in July’s Fortinet story about Fickle Stealer; this helped them solve the puzzle. Another big reveal of the links to dual identity was ChatGPT conversations, where activities of both SkorikARI and EncryptHub could be found. 

Zero-day activities and operational failures in the past

Evidence suggests this wasn't EncryptHub's first involvement with zero-day flaws, as the actor has tried to sell it to other cybercriminals on hacking forums.

Outpost24 highlighted EncryptHub's suspicious activities- oscillating between cybercrime and freelancing. An accidental operational security (OPSEC) disclosed personal information despite their technical expertise. 

EncryptHub and ChatGPT 

Outpost24 found EncryptHub using ChatGPT to build phishing sites, develop malware, integrate code, and conduct vulnerability research. One ChatGPT conversation included a self-assessment showing their conflicted nature: “40% black hat, 30% grey hat, 20% white hat, and 10% uncertain.” The conversation also showed plans for massive (although harmless) publicity stunts affecting tens of thousands of computers.

Impact

EncryptHub has connections with ransomware groups such as BlackSuit and RansomHub who are known for their phishing attacks, advanced social engineering campaigns, and making of Fickle Stealer- a custom PowerShell-based infostealer. 

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Windows
Cyberattacks CyberCrime Cyberhackers Cybersecurity CyberThreat Hacking WhatsApp MIME Spoofing Vulnerabilities and Exploits Windows

WhatsApp for Windows Exposed to Security Risk Through Spoofing Vulnerability

 


Whatsapp for Windows has been recently revealed to have a critical security vulnerability known as CVE-2025-30401. This vulnerability has raised serious concerns within the cybersecurity community since it has been identified. The high severity of this vulnerability affects desktop versions of the application released before 2.2450.6, which could lead to an exploitation attack. An issue resulting from inconsistencies in the handling of file metadata enables threat actors to manipulate these inconsistencies in order to circumvent security checks. 

By exploiting this vulnerability, malicious actors can execute arbitrary code on targeted systems without user awareness, resulting in the possibility of unauthorized access to sensitive information or data compromise. Several security experts have emphasized that in order to mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability, you must update your WhatsApp version to the latest version. Organizations and users of WhatsApp for Windows are strongly advised to apply the necessary patches immediately so that they are protected from threats. 

In accordance with the official security advisory, there is a critical inconsistency in how WhatsApp's desktop application deals with file attachments. There is a fundamental difference between the way the application determines how to display attachments using its MIME type versus the way the operating system interprets the file extension to determine how it should be opened or executed as a result. This difference in interpretation has created a serious security vulnerability. An attacker can create a malicious file that appears benign but is actually dangerous.

For instance, the attacker might use an MIME type that is typically used for images, along with an executable file extension such as exe, to craft a malicious file. Although the application would visually present it as safe, as per its MIME type, the operating system would handle it based on what its actual extension is. As a result of such a mismatch, users may be misled into opening a file that appears harmless but in reality is executable and thus allowing the execution of arbitrary code unintentionally by the user. As a result of such an attack vector, the likelihood of successful social engineering attacks and system compromises increases significantly. 

There has been a significant amount of research conducted on the issue, and the findings indicate that if a deliberate discrepancy was made between the MIME type and the extension of the file, it could have led the recipient unintentionally to execute arbitrary code by manually accessing the attachment within WhatsApp's desktop application, instead of just viewing its contents. This behavior represented a considerable threat, particularly in scenarios involving the user initiating the interaction. 

Fortunately, an independent security researcher who discovered this vulnerability and disclosed it to Meta through the company's Bug Bounty Program has been credited with responsibly disclosing it to the company, but the company does not appear to have confirmed whether the vulnerability has been actively exploited in the real world. It is important to note that such a security issue has not occurred on the platform in the past. 

In July 2024, WhatsApp was able to resolve a related security issue, which allowed Python and PHP attachments to be run automatically by Windows systems with the corresponding interpreters installed—without prompting the user. In the same vein, an incident similar to that of the platform highlighted the risks associated with the handling and execution of files incorrectly. In the end, these cases emphasize the importance of rigorous input validation and consistent file interpretation across all applications and operating systems, regardless of the type of application.

Due to its vast user base and widespread adoption, WhatsApp remains a highly valuable target for cyber threat actors, whether they are motivated by financial gain or geopolitical interests. The platform has become a recurring target of malicious campaigns because of its deep integration into users' personal and professional lives, coupled with the trust it commands. There have been several incidents in which attackers have exploited security vulnerabilities within WhatsApp to gain access to users' data, exfiltrate sensitive data, and install sophisticated malware as a result. 

A zero-day vulnerability that affects WhatsApp is particularly lucrative in underground markets, sometimes commanding a price of over one million dollars. Not only does the WhatsApp user base have a large footprint, but attackers can also gain an advantage by unknowingly accessing private conversations, media files, and even device-level abilities to gain a strategic advantage. Graphite, a form of spyware developed by Paragon, had been exploited by active hackers in March 2025 as a zero-click, zero-day vulnerability which WhatsApp remedied in March 2025. 

Using this exploit, the targeted individuals could be monitored remotely, without the victim having to interact with the attacker - an example of an advanced persistent threat campaign. An investigation by a research group based at the University of Toronto uncovered this surveillance campaign, which targeted journalists and members of civil society. The Citizen Lab was conducting the investigation, which was the source of the information. 

Following their report, WhatsApp swiftly acted to neutralize the campaign. Meta confirmed that the vulnerability had been silently patched in December 2024 without a client-side update being required. Despite being resolved without a formal CVE identifier being assigned, the issue is still of great importance to the global community. In order to protect platforms of such importance from exploitation, proactive vulnerability management, continuous security auditing, and cross-sector cooperation must be adopted. 

In the wake of the successful implementation of server-side mitigations, WhatsApp sent out security notifications on January 31 to roughly 90 Android users across over two dozen countries that had been affected by the vulnerability. Journalists and human rights activists in Italy were among the individuals alerted. They were identified as the targets of an elaborate surveillance operation using Paragon Graphite spyware, which utilized the zero-click exploit of a computer system. 

An Israeli cybersecurity firm known as NSO Group has been accused of violating American anti-hacking statutes by distributing its Pegasus spyware utilizing WhatsApp zero-day vulnerabilities in December of 2016, following a pattern of highly targeted cyber intrusions utilizing advanced surveillance tools. This incident follows a broader pattern of highly targeted cyber intrusions. Several evidences were provided to the court which indicated that at least 1,400 mobile devices had been compromised as a result of these covert attacks.

According to court documents, NSO Group carried out zero-click surveillance operations by deploying multiple zero-day exploits to compromise WhatsApp's systems. As part of the spyware delivery process, malicious messages were sent that did not require the recipient to interact with them at all, exploiting vulnerabilities within the messaging platform. Aside from that, the documents also allege that NSO developers reverse engineered WhatsApp's source code to create custom tools that could deliver these payloads, conduct that was deemed to have been illegal under state and federal cybersecurity laws. 

Those cases emphasize the increasing sophistication of commercial surveillance vendors as well as the necessity for robust legal and technical defenses to protect digital communication platforms, as well as the individuals who rely upon them, from abuse. As a result of these incidents, user must remain vigilant, maintain timely security updates, and strengthen the security measures within widely used communication platforms to reduce the risk of cyber-attacks. 

There has been an increasing prevalence of threat actors using sophisticated techniques to exploit even small inconsistencies, which is why it is essential to maintain a proactive and collaborative approach to cybersecurity. To maintain a secure digital environment, platform providers and end users both need to be aware of and responsible for their role as well.
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Windows
Cyber Security Data Phishing email PowerShell Windows

New KoiLoader Malware Variant Uses LNK Files and PowerShell to Steal Data

 



Cybersecurity experts have uncovered a new version of KoiLoader, a malicious software used to deploy harmful programs and steal sensitive data. The latest version, identified by eSentire’s Threat Response Unit (TRU), is designed to bypass security measures and infect systems without detection.


How the Attack Begins

The infection starts with a phishing email carrying a ZIP file named `chase_statement_march.zip`. Inside the ZIP folder, there is a shortcut file (.lnk) that appears to be a harmless document. However, when opened, it secretly executes a command that downloads more harmful files onto the system. This trick exploits a known weakness in Windows, allowing the command to remain hidden when viewed in file properties.


The Role of PowerShell and Scripts

Once the user opens the fake document, it triggers a hidden PowerShell command, which downloads two JScript files named `g1siy9wuiiyxnk.js` and `i7z1x5npc.js`. These scripts work in the background to:

- Set up scheduled tasks to run automatically.

- Make the malware seem like a system-trusted process.

- Download additional harmful files from hacked websites.

The second script, `i7z1x5npc.js`, plays a crucial role in keeping the malware active on the system. It collects system information, creates a unique file path for persistence, and downloads PowerShell scripts from compromised websites. These scripts disable security features and load KoiLoader into memory without leaving traces.


How KoiLoader Avoids Detection

KoiLoader uses various techniques to stay hidden and avoid security tools. It first checks the system’s language settings and stops running if it detects Russian, Belarusian, or Kazakh. It also searches for signs that it is being analyzed, such as virtual machines, sandbox environments, or security research tools. If it detects these, it halts execution to avoid exposure.

To remain on the system, KoiLoader:

• Exploits a Windows feature to bypass security checks.

• Creates scheduled tasks that keep it running.

• Uses a unique identifier based on the computer’s hardware to prevent multiple infections on the same device.


Once KoiLoader is fully installed, it downloads and executes another script that installs KoiStealer. This malware is designed to steal:

1. Saved passwords

2. System credentials

3. Browser session cookies

4. Other sensitive data stored in applications


Command and Control Communication

KoiLoader connects to a remote server to receive instructions. It sends encrypted system information and waits for commands. The attacker can:

• Run remote commands on the infected system.

• Inject malicious programs into trusted processes.

• Shut down or restart the system.

• Load additional malware.


This latest KoiLoader variant showcases sophisticated attack techniques, combining phishing, hidden scripts, and advanced evasion methods. Users should be cautious of unexpected email attachments and keep their security software updated to prevent infection.



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Windows
CAPTCHA malware Scam Windows

Fake CAPTCHA Scams Trick Windows Users into Downloading Malware

 



Cybercriminals have found a new way to trick Windows users into downloading harmful software by disguising malware as a CAPTCHA test. A recent investigation by security researchers revealed that attackers are using this method to install infostealer malware, which secretly collects sensitive data from infected computers.  


How the Scam Works  

The attack begins when a user visits a compromised website and encounters what appears to be a routine CAPTCHA verification. These tests are usually used to confirm that a visitor is human, but in this case, clicking on it unknowingly triggers a harmful command.  

Instead of simply verifying the user’s identity, this fake CAPTCHA executes a hidden script that launches a multi-step infection process. The malware then installs itself and starts collecting sensitive information like usernames, passwords, and banking details.  


Step-by-Step Breakdown of the Attack  

1. Fake CAPTCHA Displayed: The user sees what looks like a normal CAPTCHA test.  

2. PowerShell Command Executed: Clicking on the CAPTCHA activates a hidden script that runs harmful commands.  

3. Additional Malicious Code Downloaded: The script retrieves more files, which help the malware spread without detection.  

4. Final Infection: The malware, such as Lumma or Vidar, is installed and begins stealing personal data.  


How Attackers Evade Detection  

Hackers use several techniques to keep their malware hidden from security software:  

Obfuscation: The malware code is made more complex to avoid being detected by antivirus programs.  

Multiple Layers of Encryption: Attackers scramble the malware’s code so that security tools cannot recognize it.  

Bypassing Security Measures: The script manipulates Windows settings to prevent detection and removal.  

In some cases, the malware uses a special trick called XOR encryption to disguise itself. Some versions even include commands that trick Windows security tools into believing the malware is safe.  


How to Protect Yourself  

To avoid falling victim to this scam, follow these precautions:  

1. Be Wary of Suspicious CAPTCHAs: If a CAPTCHA test appears unusual or asks for unexpected actions, do not interact with it.  

2. Stay on Trusted Websites: Avoid unknown or unverified sites, as they may be compromised.  

3. Keep Your System Updated: Install the latest security updates for Windows and your antivirus software.  

4. Use Reliable Security Tools: A strong antivirus program can help detect and block suspicious activity.  

5. Enable Browser Protections: Modern web browsers offer security features that warn against unsafe websites — keep them turned on.  


This deceptive CAPTCHA scam is a reminder that cybercriminals are always coming up with new ways to infect devices and steal personal data. By staying alert and following basic security practices, users can reduce their chances of being targeted by such attacks.

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Windows
Akira CyberCrime Cybersecurity Cyberthreats EDR EDR Protections Ransomware S-RM Technology Webcam Windows

Webcam Exploited by Ransomware Group to Circumvent EDR Protections

 


Researchers at S-RM have discovered an unusual attack method used by the Akira ransomware gang. The Akira ransomware gang utilized an unsecured webcam to conduct encryption attacks against victims' networks via the use of an unsecured webcam. The attackers were able to bypass the Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) mechanisms, which had been successful in stopping the ransomware encryptor from functioning on Windows computers.

During an investigation conducted by the S-RM team as part of an incident response, the S-RM team uncovered Akira's sophisticated adaptations in response to security defences. As a first step, the threat actors tried to implement encryption tools on Windows endpoints, but these attempts were thwarted by the EDR solution provided by the victim. 

It is important to note that the attackers reacted to this by exploiting the unsecured webcam as an entry point for the malware to infiltrate the network and launch their ransomware attacks. This incident illustrates how ransomware operators are increasingly using unconventional vulnerabilities to circumvent modern cybersecurity defenses, highlighting the evolution of ransomware operations. 

Network vulnerabilities exploited by Akira ransomware operators. 


Researchers in the cybersecurity field recently discovered a sophisticated attack strategy that was employed by the Akira ransomware group. Initially, the threat actors gained access to the network via an externally exposed remote access solution through which unauthorized access was gained. The attackers then installed AnyDesk.exe, a legitimate remote desktop tool, to maintain persistent access within the compromised network, and proceeded to exfiltrate sensitive data using this tool. 

In the months following the initial breach, the attackers used Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to move laterally through the network, simulating legitimate system administrator activities to conceal their activity and blend into normal networking operations. They evaded detection by mimicking legitimate system administrator activities. 

Akira Ransomware Group: A Rising Threat in the Cybercrime Landscape 


Emergence and Rapid Expansion 


Originally identified in early 2023, the Akira ransomware group has rapidly gained popularity as one of the most active ransomware operations in the world. As of 2024, the Akira group is responsible for around 15% of all ransomware incidents that were examined by cybersecurity firm S-RM. The company specializes in targeting small to medium sized businesses (SMEs) in North America, Europe, and Australia, especially businesses that have fewer than 1,000 employees as their primary target market. 

Operational Model and Organizational Structure 


Rather than using the typical paid-for model, Akira also uses a ransomware-as-a-service model: within this model, the group's core developers provide a running platform that allows its affiliates to access its binary and leak sites in exchange for a share of the ransom payments received by the group's owners. 

Triple Extortion Strategy and Technical Adaptability 


By employing a triple approach of extortion, or a series of layers of coercion to maximize leverage over their victims, Akira achieves extreme leverage over them: 

Data Encryption – Locking files and systems to disrupt business operations. 

Data Exfiltration – Stealing sensitive information before encryption. 

Public Disclosure Threats – Threatening to release exfiltrated data unless the ransom is paid. 

Akira's technical adaptability is exemplified by its ability to adjust its attack methods based on security threats. A recent webcam attack highlighted the group's innovative tactics. In this case, the group circumvented Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) protections by using unsecured Internet of Things devices as an alternative entry point to bypass the system's protections. 

As ransomware operations such as Akira become more sophisticated, organizations, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises, must take proactive cybersecurity measures to mitigate the threats posed by these highly adaptive threat actors. To mitigate these risks, organizations must implement robust endpoint security, network segmentation, and IoT security protocols. 

Initially, the threat actors managed to breach the corporate network through an exposed remote access solution, likely using stolen credentials or brute-force techniques to gain access to the network. Once inside, they deployed AnyDesk, an authentic remote access tool, to gain persistent access and gain access to sensitive data. The data was then used as leverage in a double extortion scheme that later resulted in a double extortion attack. 

When the attack was first initiated, the attackers took advantage of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to enable them to move laterally, systematically spreading their presence across multiple systems before launching the ransomware attack. Their attack was carried out by introducing a password-protected archive file, win.zip, with the ransomware payload, win.exe, as a payload. Although the threat was initially detected and quarantined by the victim's Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) system, it was ultimately neutralized when the virus was identified and quarantined. 

The attackers modified their strategy after experiencing this setback by finding alternative ways to attack the device. During a thorough network scan, several potential entry points were discovered, including a webcam and a fingerprint scanner. S-RM, a cybersecurity firm, explains that threat actors eventually chose the webcam as their primary pivot point for gaining access to its data, as it is easy for remote shell access and unauthorized video feeds. Moreover, the attackers took advantage of the device's lightweight Linux-based operating system, which was compatible with Akira's Linux encryptor. 

Since the webcam was without a protection agent against EDR attacks, it was an ideal choice for the ransomware attack to take place. The threat actors were able to successfully encrypt files on network shares by leveraging their connectivity to the Internet, circumventing conventional security measures and demonstrating the evolving sophistication of ransomware tactics. Instead of abandoning their original objective, the ransomware operators chose to utilize a previous internal network scan data as the basis for their next strategy. 

An investigation of the Internet of Things (IoT) revealed that several vulnerable devices were not adequately protected, including webcams and fingerprint scanners. As the attackers recognized the potential of unprotected devices as alternative entry points to traditional security systems, they sought to bypass those mechanisms. They discovered several vulnerabilities during their assessment, including an unsecured webcam, which proved to be the most feasible vulnerability. 

Several reasons contributed to this, most notably that it lacked Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) protection, which made it an ideal target for exploiting. Additionally, the device was capable of being accessed remotely through a remote shell, making it even easier for attackers to gain access.

In addition, the Linux-based operating system presented a lightweight security footprint, which reduced the chances of detection and strengthened the appeal of the operating system as a potential entry point for cybercriminals. Execution of the Attack Through IoT Exploitation This attacker was able to create malicious SMB traffic directed towards a target Windows server by compromising a vulnerable webcam, which was able to be used by the attacker to create malicious SMB traffic. 

Due to the organization's lack of active monitoring of IoT devices, this technique enabled the ransomware payload to bypass traditional detection mechanisms. As a result of the attack, a large number of files were encrypted across the network of the victim. Even though SMB-based attacks have generally been considered to be less efficient than other intrusion techniques, this attack proved extremely effective in this case, mainly because they are frequently incompatible with conventional security monitoring tools, such as this tool. 

It is as a consequence of this incident that organizations must take proactive steps to ensure that all network-connected devices, most notably IoT endpoints, are secured via encryption so that sophisticated ransomware operators are not able to exploit them as attack vectors. 

The fact that the compromised webcam lacked an Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) protection was a critical factor in the success of this attack, as largely due to its limited storage capacity, it could not cope with advanced security measures needed to defend itself. 

The Akira ransomware group exploited this vulnerability to deploy its Linux-based ransomware quickly from the compromised machine, encrypting files across the victim's network by using the Server Message Block protocol (SMB). As a result of this strategic approach, the attackers were able to operate covertly since malicious SMB traffic originating from the webcam was not detected by security systems, allowing them to evade detection by the organization's cybersecurity team. 

In light of these events, it is due to the growing necessity for comprehensive security protocols, in particular for securing Internet of Things (IoT) devices, that are more and more exploited as attack vectors by cyber criminals. A proactive cybersecurity approach is imperative to mitigate similar threats by ensuring that IoT devices are patched and managed, conducting regular vulnerability assessments within the organization's internal networks, and implementing robust network segmentation so that connected devices are limited in their ability to communicate. 

Further, turning off IoT devices when not in use can serve as a preventive measure against potential exploitation. To effectively defend against emerging threats, it is imperative to continuously monitor your network and implement robust security frameworks. As demonstrated by the Akira ransomware group, you must monitor your network constantly and implement robust security measures. With ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operations continuing to evolve at a rapid pace, organizations must remain vigilant, improving their cybersecurity strategies proactively to remain protected from increasingly sophisticated cyberattacks.
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Windows
BYOVD Attack CyberCrime Cybersecurity CyberThreat Vulnerabilities and Exploits Vulnerability Windows

Cybercriminals Target Paragon Partition Manager Vulnerability in BYOVD Attacks

 


It has been reported that threat actors have been actively exploiting a security vulnerability within the BioNTdrv.sys driver of Paragon Partition Manager in ransomware attacks by elevating privileges and executing arbitrary code under the guise of attacks. The CERT Coordination Center (CERT/CC) has identified this zero-day vulnerability as CVE-2025-0289, one of five security flaws discovered by Microsoft during the past year. 

Other flaws have been identified, including arbitrary memory mapping, arbitrary memory write, null pointer dereferences, insecure kernel resource access, and arbitrary memory move vulnerabilities. It is especially concerning that an adversary may be able to exploit this vulnerability. It involves a Microsoft-signed driver, which allows adversaries to take advantage of the Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD) technique. 

Using this method, attackers can compromise systems regardless of whether Paragon Partition Manager is installed, broadening the attack surface significantly. As BioNTdrv.sys operates at the kernel level, threat actors can exploit these vulnerabilities to execute commands with elevated privileges. This allows them to bypass security measures and defensive software, as attackers can access the system and deploy additional malicious payloads. 

Even though Microsoft researchers have identified all five security flaws, the company can not divulge what ransomware groups have been leveraging CVE-2025-0289 to execute their attacks. They are only aware that it has been weaponized in ransomware operations. A bulletin issued by Microsoft's CERT Coordination Center (CERT/CC) indicated that threat actors have been exploiting this vulnerability to conduct BYOVD-based ransomware attacks. 

According to the CVE-2025-0289 vulnerability, further malicious code within compromised environments can be executed by exploiting this vulnerability to escalate privileges to the SYSTEM level. This vulnerability can be exploited to facilitate the exploitation of BYOVD attacks, even on systems where the affected driver is not installed, and this can result in threat actors gaining elevated privileges and executing malicious code without the protection of security systems in place. 

As part of the identified security flaws affecting BioNTdrv.sys versions 1.3.0 and 1.5.1, CVE-2025-0285 is a flaw in version 7.9.1 which permits the mapping of kernel memory to arbitrary user inputs by not properly validating the length of the input. By exploiting this vulnerability, the user can escalate their privileges even further. 

There is a CVE-2025-0286 vulnerability that exists in version 7.9.1, resulting from improper validation of input controlled by users, which allows attackers to exploit this flaw to execute malicious code on the target machine. An unprivileged code execution vulnerability has been found in version 7.9.1, caused by an insufficient MasterLrp structure in the input buffer, which can result in a null pointer dereference vulnerability. 

Successful exploit allows arbitrary kernel-level code to be executed, facilitating privilege escalation and further misuse. Version 7.9.1 contains a vulnerability in the memmove function. This function fails to properly sanitize user-supplied data, allowing attackers to manipulate kernel memory and escalate privileges. 

Inversion of the CVE-2025-0289 vulnerability, an insecure kernel resource access vulnerability, has been found in version 17 of the Linux kernel due to a failure to validate the MappedSystemVa pointer before passing it to HalReturnToFirmware during the detection process. By exploiting this vulnerability, attackers can compromise the system. 

This security vulnerability has been addressed by Paragon Software by releasing the updated driver BioNTdrv.sys version 2.0.0 across all products within Paragon Software's Hard Disk Manager suite, including Partition Manager versions 17.45.0 and later versions. This update has been developed to reduce the risks associated with the previously identified security vulnerabilities. 

There is also a dedicated security patch available for 64-bit versions of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 that will provide users with an additional layer of protection against any exploits that might occur in the future, thereby enhancing the level of security. As part of Microsoft's efforts to protect its ecosystem, it has updated its Vulnerable Driver Blocklist, which effectively disables the execution of BioNTdrv.sys versions that are compromised within Windows environments, thereby preventing exploitation. 

Users and enterprises are strongly encouraged to ensure that this protection mechanism is kept in place to prevent exploitation. In light of the ongoing threat posed by these vulnerabilities, especially as a result of ransomware attacks, all users of Paragon Partition Manager and its associated products must update their software as soon as possible to the newest version available. 

As a further precaution, all Windows users should make sure that they enable the Microsoft Vulnerable Driver Blocklist feature as soon as possible. This is because it serves as a critical defense against BYOVD (Bring Your Vulnerable Driver) attacks, where outdated or insecure drivers are leveraged to elicit privileges and compromise a computer system.
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Windows
Cyber Security LibreOffice Updates Windows

LibreOffice Fixes Security Flaw That Allowed Malicious File Execution

 



LibreOffice, a popular free office suite, recently fixed a major security flaw that could have let hackers run harmful files on Windows computers. The issue, identified as CVE-2025-0514, was related to how the software handled links inside documents. If exploited, it could allow attackers to trick users into opening dangerous files.  


How the flaw worked  

LibreOffice allows users to click on hyperlinks in documents to open websites or files. Normally, it blocks links that try to open unsafe files, but older versions (before 24.8.5) failed to properly check certain types of links.  

Hackers found a way to trick the software by using specially designed web addresses. When a user clicked one of these deceptive links, LibreOffice could mistakenly treat it as a local file path and execute harmful programs. Unlike other document-based attacks that require macros, this method only needed the user to click a link, making it especially dangerous.  


LibreOffice fixes the issue  

To prevent such attacks, LibreOffice released version 24.8.5 on February 25, 2025. The update improves how the software checks links, ensuring that unsafe web addresses cannot be mistaken for local files.  

Developers Caolán McNamara from Collabora Productivity and Stephen Bergman from allotropia worked on fixing the issue after it was reported by security researcher Amel Bouziane-Leblond. The flaw highlighted how small errors in how software reads links can create serious security risks.  


What users should do  

This vulnerability could be used in phishing scams where hackers send fake documents to trick people into clicking malicious links. To stay safe, users should update their LibreOffice software immediately.  

Here are some steps to stay protected:  

1. Install the latest LibreOffice update (24.8.5 or later) to fix the issue  

2. Be cautious with documents from unknown sources, especially if they contain links  

3. Avoid clicking hyperlinks in documents unless you trust the sender  

4. Businesses should ensure all their computers are updated to reduce security risks  


The importance of updates 

While this flaw mainly affected Windows users, it highlights the need for strong security measures in office software. Cybercriminals constantly find new ways to exploit common tools, making software updates and user awareness essential.  

So far, there are no known real-world attacks using this vulnerability, but security experts consider it critical. Users can download the latest LibreOffice version from the official website or update it through Linux package managers.

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Windows
data security LightSpy Linux Mac malware Windows

LightSpy Malware Attacks Users, Launches Over 100 Commands to Steal Data


Cybersecurity researchers at Hunt.io have found an updated version of LightSpy implant, a modular surveillance framework for data collection and extraction. Famous for attacking mobile devices initially, further enquiry revealed it can attack macOS, Windows, Linux, and routers. 

LightSpy has been executed in targeted attacks, it uses watering hole techniques and exploit-based delivery, coupled with an infrastructure that swiftly escapes detection. LightSpy was first reported in 2020, targeting users in Hong Kong.

History of LightSpy

LightSpy has been historically famous for attacking messaging apps like WeChat, Telegram, QQ, Line, and WhatsApp throughout different OS. According to ThreatFabric report, the framework can extract payment data from WeChat, remove contacts, wipe out messaging history, and alot of other things.

The compromised things include WiFi network details, iCloud Keychain, screenshots, location, browser history, photos, call history, and SMS texts.

Regarding server analysis, the LightSpy researcher said they "share similarities with prior malicious infrastructure but introduce notable differences in the command list."

Further, "the servers analyzed in this research As previously observed, the cmd_list endpoint is at /ujmfanncy76211/front_api. Another endpoint, command_list, also exists but requires authentication, preventing direct analysis."

LightSpy Capabilities

In 2024, ThreatFabric reported about an updated malware version that has destructive capability to stop compromised device from booting up, in addition to the number of supported plugins from 12 to 28.

Earlier research has disclosed potential overlaps between an Android malware called "DragonEgg" and LightSpy, showing the threat's cross-platform nature.

Hunt.io's recent analysis study of the malicious command-and-control (C2) infrastructure linked with the spyware has found support for more than 100 commands spread across iOS, macOS, Linux, routers, and Windows.

Expert insights

Commenting on the overall impact of the malware, Hunt.io experts believe “LightSpy's infrastructure reveals previously unreported components and administrative functionality.” However, the experts remain unsure if it symbolizes new growths or earlier versions not publicly reported. “Command set modifications and Windows-targeted plugins suggest that operators continue to refine their data collection and surveillance approach across multiple platforms,” concludes 

To stay safe, experts suggest users to:

Limit app permissions to avoid unwanted access to important data. “On Android, use Privacy Dashboard to review and revoke permissions; on iOS, enable App Privacy Reports to monitor background data access.”

Turn on advanced device security features that restrict the exploitability of devices. iOS users can enable Lockdown Mode and Android users can turn on Enhanced Google Play Protect and use protection features to identify and block suspicious activities. 

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Windows
BlackLock Cyber Attacks Linux Ransomware Windows

BlackLock Ransomware: The Fastest-Growing Cyber Threat and How to Stay Safe

 



Ransomware remains a major problem for businesses, and a new cybercriminal group is expanding at an alarming rate. Security researchers at ReliaQuest have identified BlackLock as the fastest-growing ransomware operation today, with its activity increasing by 1,425% since late 2024. Although it is currently the seventh most active ransomware group, experts predict it could become the biggest threat in 2025.  

Despite law enforcement cracking down on major ransomware gangs like LockBit in 2024, the number of cyberattacks continues to grow. A report from January 31 suggested ransomware incidents had risen by 15% compared to the previous year. However, a February 20 study by Symantec showed a slower increase of just 3%. No matter the rate, the takeaway is the same, ransomware remains a serious risk.  


How BlackLock Ransomware Operates  

BlackLock ransomware is designed to infect Windows, Linux, and VMware ESXi systems, making it a versatile and dangerous threat. Cybercriminals behind this operation have developed unique methods to pressure victims into paying ransom quickly.  


1. Blocking access to stolen data  

  • Ransomware groups often leak stolen information on dark web sites to force victims to pay.  
  • BlackLock makes it harder for victims and cybersecurity teams to access leaked data by blocking repeated download attempts.  
  • If someone tries to retrieve files too often, they either receive no response or only see empty files with contact details instead of real data.  
  • This tactic prevents companies from fully understanding what was stolen, increasing the likelihood of paying the ransom.  


2. Recruiting criminals to assist with attacks  

  • BlackLock actively hires "traffers," cybercriminals who help spread ransomware by tricking people into downloading malware.  
  • These traffers guide victims toward fake websites or malicious links that install ransomware.  
  • The group openly recruits low-level hackers on underground forums, while more skilled cybercriminals are privately contacted for higher-level roles.  


Steps to Protect Your Systems  

Security experts recommend taking immediate action to strengthen defenses, especially for companies using VMware ESXi servers. Here are some key steps:  

1. Turn off unnecessary services  

  • Disable unused features like vMotion and SNMP to reduce possible entry points for attackers.  

2. Strengthen security restrictions  

  •  Configure VMware ESXi hosts to only allow management through vCenter, making it harder for hackers to exploit weaknesses.  

3. Limit network access  

  •  Use firewalls and strict access controls to prevent unauthorized users from reaching sensitive systems.  

Additional recommendations include:  

1. Activating multi-factor authentication (MFA) to prevent unauthorized logins.  

2. Disabling Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) on systems that do not need remote access.  

The rapid rise of BlackLock ransomware shows that cybercriminals ar constantly developing new strategies to pressure victims and avoid detection. Organizations must take proactive steps to secure their networks and stay informed about emerging threats. Implementing strong security controls today can prevent costly cyberattacks in the future.

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Windows
ADFS Microsoft Password Phishing Attacks Technology Windows

Hackers Steal Login Details via Fake Microsoft ADFS login pages

Microsoft ADFS login pages

A help desk phishing campaign attacked a company's Microsoft Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) via fake login pages and stole credentials by escaping multi-factor authentication (MFA) safety.

The campaign attacked healthcare, government, and education organizations, targeting around 150 victims, according to Abnormal Security. The attacks aim to get access to corporate mail accounts for sending emails to more victims inside a company or launch money motivated campaigns such as business e-mail compromise (BEC), where the money is directly sent to the attackers’ accounts. 

Fake Microsoft ADFS login pages 

ADFS from Microsoft is a verification mechanism that enables users to log in once and access multiple apps/services, saving the troubles of entering credentials repeatedly. 

ADFS is generally used by large businesses, as it offers single sign-on (SSO) for internal and cloud-based apps. 

The threat actors send emails to victims spoofing their company's IT team, asking them to sign in to update their security configurations or accept latest policies. 

How victims are trapped

When victims click on the embedded button, it takes them to a phishing site that looks same as their company's authentic ADFS sign-in page. After this, the fake page asks the victim to put their username, password, and other MFA code and baits then into allowing the push notifications.

The phishing page asks the victim to enter their username, password, and the MFA code or tricks them into approving the push notification.

What do the experts say

The security report by Abnormal suggests, "The phishing templates also include forms designed to capture the specific second factor required to authenticate the targets account, based on the organization's configured MFA settings.” Additionally, "Abnormal observed templates targeting multiple commonly used MFA mechanisms, including Microsoft Authenticator, Duo Security, and SMS verification."

After the victim gives all the info, they are sent to the real sign-in page to avoid suspicious and make it look like an authentic process. 

However, the threat actors immediately jump to loot the stolen info to sign into the victim's account, steal important data, make new email filter rules, and try lateral phishing. 

According to Abnormal, the threat actors used Private Internet Access VPN to hide their location and allocate an IP address with greater proximity to the organization.  

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Windows
Cyber Attacks Mac OS North Korea Remote Work threat mitigation Windows

Hackers Disguise as IT Employees: FBI Warns to Disable Local Admin Accounts

Hackers Disguise as IT Employees: FBI Warns to Disable Local Admin Accounts

Hackers use various ways to steal user data, one recent trend, according to the FBI, shows they have started gaining employment with companies. The agency has pushed out public announcement I-012325-PSA, warning organizations in the U.S. to disable local admin accounts, business must pay attention to it.

North Korean Hackers Disguising as IT Workers

The FBI has warned the public, private sector, and the world about the “victimization of US-based businesses”, as cyberattacks involving remote IT workers from North Korea are on the rise. It has noticed North Korean IT workers gaining illegal access to systems to steal confidential data and launch other cyber-crime operations. 

In an FBI announcement reported by Forbes, it was disclosed that “victims have seen proprietary data and code held to ransom,” and “the copying of corporate code repositories to attacker user profiles and personal cloud accounts.” Additionally,  the attackers have also “attempted harvesting of company credentials and session cookies for further compromise opportunities.” 

Understanding the “Principle of Least Privilege”

Law enforcement and intelligence agencies like the FBI and NSA (National Security Agency) have advised the principle of least privilege,  to “only allow designated administrator accounts to be used for administrative purposes.” The aim is to limit the administrative rights available to Mac and Windows users to ensure security. 

The principle of least privilege gives admin account access to only selected people, and nobody else. The method ensures company employees only have access to particular resources needed to get the job done, not admin rights. For instance, the user account completes day-to-day needs, whereas for something critical, like software installation, the systems will ask for admin credentials. 

Wikipedia is one great example of using this technique, it has user accounts for making backups that don’t need to install software and only have rights for running backups and related applications. 

Mitigating Threats- Advice from FBI and Security Experts

The FBI suggests businesses disable local administrator accounts and restrict privileges for installing remote desktop apps, keeping an eye out for any unusual network traffic. It has warned organizations to remember that “North Korean IT workers often have multiple logins into one account in a short period of time,” coming from various IP addresses linked with different countries. 

The agency has also advised HRs, development teams, and hiring managers to focus “on changes in address or payment platforms during the onboarding process.”

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Windows
Amaday Bot Lumma Stealer malware Malware Campaign Manufacturing Windows

New Malware Campaign Attacks Manufacturing Industry


Lumma Stealer and Amaday Bot Resurface

In a recent multi-stage cyberattack, Cyble Research and Intelligence (CRIL) found an attack campaign hitting the manufacturing industry. The campaign depends upon process injection techniques aimed at delivering malicious payloads like Amaday Bot and Lumma Stealer.

Using a chain of evasive actions, the threat actor (TA) exploits diverse Windows tools and processes to escape standard security checks, which leads to persistent system control and potential data theft. 

About the campaign

CRIL found an advanced multi-level attack campaign that starts with a spear-phishing mail. The email has a link that directs to an LNK file, hidden as a PDF file. When the fake PDF is clicked, it launches a series of commands. The LNK file is hosted on a WebDAV server, making it challenging for security software to trace.

“For instance, one of the malicious links observed in the campaign was hxxp://download-695-18112-001-webdav-logicaldoc[.]cdn-serveri4732-ns.shop. The attack’s effectiveness stems from its ability to exploit the name of a legitimate cloud-based document management system (LogicalDOC), commonly used in manufacturing and engineering industries, to convince targets into opening the file,” reports the Cyber Express.

How the campaign works

After executing the LNK file, it opens ssh.exe, a genuine system utility that can escape security software checks. Via ssh.exe, a PowerShell command is activated to retrieve an extra payload via a remote server from mshta.exe. 

Threat actors use this process to avoid detection via Google’s Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) framework merged with a compressed URL. The retrieved payload is a malicious script containing extra hacked commands that gradually deliver the last malicious payload to the target system.

Once the LNK file is executed, it launches ssh.exe, a legitimate system utility that can bypass security software’s detection. Through ssh.exe, a PowerShell command is triggered, which fetches an additional payload from a remote server using mshta.exe. This process is designed to evade detection by using Google’s Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) framework combined with a shortened URL. 

The payload fetched is a script that contains additional obfuscated commands that eventually deliver the final malicious payload to the victim’s system. 

CYBLE blog says, “The final payload, which involves the deployment of both Lumma stealer and Amadey bot, highlights the TA’s intent to steal sensitive information and maintain persistent control over compromised systems. Yara and Sigma rules to detect this campaign, are available for download from the linked GitHub repository.”    

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Windows
Cyber Attacks Fake Website Firefox RomCom Windows

Russian Hackers Use Firefox and Windows Vulnerabilities in Global Cyberattack

 



A sophisticated cyberattack carried out by the Russian cyber threat group RomCom APT has raised alarms within the global cybersecurity community. Exploiting two previously unknown zero-day vulnerabilities in Firefox and Windows, the attack, which took place in October, was able to infiltrate systems without any user interaction. This tactic marks a concerning escalation in cyberattack methods, highlighting the ever-growing sophistication of threat actors. 
 

How the Attack Unfolded 

 
RomCom APT used two critical vulnerabilities to carry out its campaign: 
 
1. Firefox Animation Timeline Vulnerability (CVE-2024-9680) 
 
A severe flaw in Firefox's animation timelines allowed the attackers to remotely execute malicious code. Rated 9.8 out of 10 on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), the vulnerability was exploited through fake websites. Victims who visited these websites unknowingly downloaded malware disguised as the RomCom backdoor. Once installed, the malware silently redirected users to the legitimate websites they intended to visit, leaving them unaware of the compromise. This vulnerability also affected Tor, which shares a code base with Firefox, broadening its potential impact. 

2. Windows Task Scheduler Vulnerability (CVE-2024-49039) 
 
The second vulnerability resided in the Windows Task Scheduler, with a CVSS score of 8.8. This flaw allowed the attackers to bypass the security sandbox of the browser, escalating privileges and providing them with full access to the victim's system. With this level of control, RomCom hackers were able to execute further malicious activities undetected. 

 
Targets and Techniques 

 
RomCom APT deployed fake websites posing as well-known platforms, including ConnectWise, Devolutions, and Correctiv, to lure victims. The group targeted high-value sectors such as **insurance**, pharmaceuticals, defense, energy, and government institutions, with the majority of victims located in North America and Europe, particularly in Germany, France, and the United States. 
 
RomCom is notorious for combining cybercrime with politically motivated espionage. This attack is part of a broader pattern targeting politically and economically sensitive sectors. Prompt responses from cybersecurity teams, including collaboration with security experts, helped prevent the attack from spreading widely, limiting its impact. 
 

Swift Vulnerability Patching 
 

Fortunately, both vulnerabilities were addressed promptly. Mozilla released a patch for the Firefox flaw on October 9, just 25 hours after it was notified. Similarly, Microsoft issued a patch for the Windows vulnerability on November 12. These swift responses underscore the importance of keeping systems updated, as timely patches are often the first line of defense against zero-day vulnerabilities. 

 
Cybersecurity Takeaways 

 
This attack serves as a stark reminder of the necessity for robust software maintenance and a proactive patch management strategy. Zero-day vulnerabilities are often exploited rapidly, making regular updates crucial for minimizing the risk of exploitation. While the RomCom attack was relatively short-lived, it underscores the evolving nature of cyber threats. Organizations and individuals alike must stay vigilant, prioritize timely software updates, and adopt comprehensive cybersecurity measures to protect against increasingly sophisticated attacks.   
 

Key Points for Cybersecurity Practitioners: 

  • Maintain Updated Software: Regular updates and patches are essential to protecting against zero-day vulnerabilities. 
  • Awareness of Emerging Threats: Understand and mitigate the risks associated with zero-click attacks and other advanced persistent threats. 
  • Strengthen Incident Response: Timely detection and rapid response are critical to minimizing the impact of cyberattacks.
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Windows
Check Point research CyberCrime Cyberhackers Cybersecurity Cyberthreats GodLoader Godot Game iOS Linux macOS malware Windows

Godot Game Engine Targeted in Widespread Malware Attack

 


A newly identified malware threat, GodLoader, is targeting gamers globally by exploiting the Godot game development engine, according to a report from Check Point Research. This sophisticated attack has already impacted more than 1.2 million users across various platforms. 

How GodLoader Works 

 
GodLoader infiltrates devices by leveraging Godot’s .pck files, which package game assets. These files can embed harmful scripts that execute malicious code upon launching a game, effectively bypassing traditional antivirus detection. The malware primarily targets: 

-Windows 
- macOS 
- Linux 
- Android 
- iOS 

Check Point Research reported that hackers have infected over 17,000 systems in just the past three months. By utilizing Godot’s GDScript (a Python-like scripting language), attackers distribute malware via more than 200 GitHub repositories, often masked as legitimate game assets. 

Exploitation of Open-Source Trust 


Eli Smadja, Security Research Group Manager at Check Point Software Technologies, highlighted the exploitation of open-source platforms:  

"Cybercriminals have turned the flexibility of the Godot Engine into a vulnerability, spreading cross-platform malware like GodLoader by capitalizing on the trust users place in open-source software." 

Infected computers are not only compromised but may also be converted into cryptocurrency mining rigs through XMRig, rendering them unusable for other tasks. 

Stargazers Ghost Network: Distribution-as-a-Service (DaaS) 


The attackers used the Stargazers Ghost Network to distribute GodLoader. This platform, active since 2022, employs over 3,000 ghost GitHub accounts to create networks of malicious repositories. These repositories: 

- Host info stealers like RedLine, Lumma Stealer, Rhadamanthys, and RisePro. 
- Manipulate GitHub’s trending section by starring, forking, and subscribing to their own repositories to appear legitimate. 

During a campaign between September and October 2024, Check Point discovered four separate attacks targeting developers and gamers. These attacks aimed to distribute infected tools and games, enticing users to download malware through seemingly credible GitHub repositories. 

Broader Implications and Future Risks 


The malware’s ability to target multiple platforms significantly enlarges the attack surface, posing a growing threat to the gaming community. Experts warn that attackers could embed malware into cheats, mods, or cracks for popular Godot-built games, increasing the vulnerability of millions of gamers. 

The Stargazers Ghost Network has already earned over $100,000 by distributing malware through its DaaS platform. With its continuous evolution, this network poses an ongoing threat to both developers and users of the Godot engine. 

Call to Action for Developers and Gamers 


Industry experts emphasize the urgent need for proactive cybersecurity measures to counter such threats. Recommendations include: 

- Avoid downloading game assets from unverified sources. 
- Regularly update antivirus and anti-malware software. 
- Implement robust security practices when developing or downloading games built with Godot. 

As the gaming ecosystem continues to expand, vigilance and collaboration between developers and security researchers will be critical in mitigating threats like GodLoader and ensuring a safer gaming environment.
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