The most critical of Microsoft's disclosures this month is CVE-2025-62221, a Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver bug rated 7.8 on the CVSS scale. It allows for privilege escalation: an attacker who has code execution rights can leverage the bug to escalate to full system-level access. Researchers say this kind of bug is exploited on a regular basis in real-world intrusions, and "patching ASAP" is critical. Microsoft hasn't disclosed yet which threat actors are actively exploiting this flaw; however, experts explain that bugs like these "tend to pop up in almost every big compromise and are often used as stepping stones to further breach".
Another two disclosures from Microsoft were CVE-2025-54100 in PowerShell and CVE-2025-64671, impacting GitHub Copilot for JetBrains. Although these are not confirmed to be exploited, they were publicly disclosed ahead of patching. Graded at 8.4, the Copilot vulnerability would have allowed for remote code execution via malicious cross-prompt injection, provided a user is tricked into opening untrusted files or connecting to compromised servers. Security researchers expect more vulnerabilities of this type to emerge as AI-integrated development tools expand in usage.
But one of the more ominous developments outside Microsoft belongs to Notepad++. The popular open-source editor pushed out version 8.8.9 to patch a weakness in the way updates were checked for authenticity. Attackers were managing to intercept network traffic from the WinGUp update client, then redirecting users to rogue servers, where malicious files were downloaded instead of legitimate updates. There are reports that threat groups in China were actively testing and exploiting this vulnerability. Indeed, according to the maintainer, "Due to the improper update integrity validation, an adversary was able to manipulate the download"; therefore, users should upgrade as soon as possible.
Fortinet also patched two critical authentication bypass vulnerabilities, CVE-2025-59718 and CVE-2025-59719, in FortiOS and several related products. The bugs enable hackers to bypass FortiCloud SSO authentication using crafted SAML messages, which only works if SSO has been enabled. Administrators are advised to disable the feature until they can upgrade to patched builds to avoid unauthorized access. Rounding out the disclosures, Ivanti released a fix for CVE-2025-10573, a severe cross-site scripting vulnerability in its Endpoint Manager. The bug allows an attacker to register fake endpoints and inject malicious JavaScript into the administrator dashboard. Viewed, this could serve an attacker full control over the session without credentials. There has been no observed exploitation so far, but researchers warn that it is likely attackers will reverse engineer the fix soon, making for a deployment environment of haste.
