The Federal Bureau of Investigation has issued a new advisory warning people about a growing extortion tactic in which criminals take photos posted online, manipulate them, and present the edited images as supposed evidence during fake kidnapping attempts. The agency reports that these incidents, often described as virtual kidnappings, are designed to panic the target into paying quickly before verifying the claims.
How the scam begins
The operation usually starts when criminals search social media accounts or any platform where people share personal photos publicly. They collect pictures of individuals, including children, teenagers, and adults, and then edit those images to make it appear as though the person is being held against their will. Scammers may change facial expressions, blur backgrounds, add shadows, or alter body positions to create a sense of danger.
Once they prepare these altered images, they contact a relative or friend of the person in the photo. In most cases, they send a sudden text or place a call claiming a loved one has been kidnapped. The message is crafted to create immediate panic and often includes threats of harm if payment is not made right away.
The role of fake “proof of life”
One recurring tactic is the use of emotionally charged photos or short video clips that appear to show the victim in distress. These materials are presented as proof that the kidnapping is real. However, investigators have observed that the content often contains mistakes that reveal it has been edited. The inconsistencies can range from missing tattoos or scars to unnatural lighting, distorted facial proportions, or visual elements that do not match known photos of the person.
Criminals also try to limit the victim’s ability to examine the images closely. Some use disappearing messages or apps that make screenshots difficult. Others send messages in rapid succession to prevent the victim from taking a moment to reach out to the supposed abducted individual.
Why these scams escalate quickly
Scammers depend on speed and emotional intensity. They frequently insist that any delay will lead to harm, which pressures victims to make decisions without checking whether their loved one is actually safe. In some situations, criminals exploit posts about missing persons by inserting themselves into ongoing searches and providing false updates.
The FBI urges people to be mindful of the information they share online, especially when it involves personal photos, travel details, or locations. The agency recommends that families set up a private code word that can be used during emergencies to confirm identity. Individuals should avoid sharing personal information with unknown callers or strangers while traveling.
If someone receives a threatening call or message, the FBI advises them to stay calm and attempt to contact the alleged victim directly through verified communication channels. People should record or capture any messages, screenshots, phone numbers, images, or audio clips connected to the incident. These materials can help law enforcement determine whether the event is a hoax.
Anyone who believes they have been targeted by a virtual kidnapping attempt is encouraged to submit a report to the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center at IC3.gov. The agency requests detailed information, including phone numbers used by the scammer, payment instructions, message transcripts, and any photos or videos that were provided as supposed evidence.
