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Vulnerability and Exploits
data security Device Security HPE Vulnerability and Exploits

How vulnerability in Brocade Might Affect Major Companies


Broadcom disclosed that few softwares made by Brocade, its storage network subsidiary, is hit by various vulnerabilities, and the exploits can affect the products of various big companies. A similar incident happened with HPE earlier this year.

How does the vulnerability impact?

The Brocade SAN (storage area network) management app is impacted by 9 flaws, the patches are available for these security holes. 

Six vulnerabilities affect third-party products like Open SSL, Oracle Java, and NGINX, these are rated "medium severity" and "low severity."

A hacker can exploit these vulnerabilities (unauthorised attacker) and modify data, decode data, and make a Denial of Service (DoS) situation. 

The other three vulnerabilities are limited to Brocade SANnav, these are given "high" severity risk and impact ratings. 

The vulnerabilities let a hacker access switch and server passwords from log files, and hack potential sensitive info via static key ciphers.

About the vulnerability

The security flaws (CVE-2022-28167, CVE-2022-28168 and CVE-2022-28166) were discovered internally and currently no use of the exploit in the wild has been found. 

But the storage solutions of several companies that collaborate with Brocade can be impacted by these flaws. 

HPE in its advisory told the customers that the company's B series SANNav Management Portal is impacted by the exploits and suggested the customers to install the latest updates. 

The flaws can be exploited locally and remotely to leak sensitive info, attempt unauthorised access and modify data cause partial Denial of Service.

Other info related to Brocade vulnerability 

Another Brocade partner NetApp released individual advisories for the Brocade specific SANNav vulnerabilities. The NetApp products have not been affected. Brocade also partners with other big tech companies for storage solutions that include Huawei, Dell, Lenovo, IBM and Fujitsu. 

Security Week says "one of the other Brocade OEM partners appear to have published advisories for the SANnav vulnerabilities so it’s unclear if their products are also impacted. In the past, at least some of them did publish advisories to notify their customers about SANnav flaws."









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Websites
Attack Cyber Attacks data security Hackers Russia-Ukraine War Transit Websites

Cyberattack Struck Norway, Pro-Russian Hacker Group Fingered

 

According to Norwegian authorities, a cyberattack momentarily took offline public and private websites in Norway in the last 24 hours.

As per Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stre, the attack has not caused any serious harm. According to the Norwegian National Security Authority, the distributed-denial-of-service (DDOS) attack targeted a secure national data network, causing the temporary suspension of internet services for many hours. 

According to NSM chief Sofie Nystrm, the attacks appear to be the work of a criminal pro-Russian gang. She went on to say that the attacks "create the sense that we are a piece in Europe's present political crisis." 

So according to Norwegian media, the country's ambassador to Moscow was called to the Foreign Ministry on Wednesday for a protest about Russian supplies being denied transit via Norway to an Arctic Russian coal-mining settlement. 

The hamlet of Barentsburg is located in the Svalbard archipelago, some 800 kilometres (500 miles) north of the Norwegian mainland. Because of the war in Ukraine, the European Union has imposed restrictions on a number of Russian commodities. 

Norway is not a member of the EU, although it follows its policies on most issues. Norway has sovereignty over the Svalbard archipelago by a 1920 treaty, but other signatory countries have the right to use its natural resources. 

The cyberattack on Norway occurred two days after a similar attack briefly shut down official and private websites in Lithuania, with a pro-Moscow hacking group claiming responsibility. That event occurred just a week after Russian authorities warned of retaliation because Lithuania blocked the transit of steel and ferrous metals sanctioned by the EU via its territory to Russia’s exclave of Kaliningrad.
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Vulnerabilities and Exploits
CISA Linux Security Bug Unix Vulnerabilities and Exploits

CISA Issues Warning Regarding Active Exploitation of 'PwnKit' Linux Security Bug

 

Earlier this week, the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added a Linux vulnerability called PwnKit to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog and issued a warning regarding active exploitation of the flaw in cyber attacks. 

The vulnerability tracked as CVE-2021-4034 (CVSS score: 7.8), first identified earlier this year in January by the American company Qualys, impacts Polkit, a feature designed for managing system-wide privileges in Unix-like operating systems. Polkit is manufactured by Red Hat, but it’s also employed by other Linux distributions. 

PwnKit, a memory corruption issue, if successfully exploited, might cause pkexec to run arbitrary code, and allow an unprivileged hacker administrative right on the target device to exploit the host. The researchers claim that the vulnerability is installed by default on all Linux distributions and has existed in the pkexec component (graphical interface) since its creation, that is, nearly 13 years. 

The security bug has been identified to impact the products of multiple major firms. Juniper Networks, Moxa, IBM, VMware, Siemens, and others have published advisories to elaborate on the impact of CVE-2021-4034. 

Security researchers have been warned that the threat of malicious exploitation of PwnKit is high since proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits have been available and exploitation is not difficult. 

CISA added the vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog — also known as the agency’s “Must Patch” list — and ordered federal agencies to remediate all the newly listed vulnerabilities by July 18, while private firms have been requested to leverage the flaw catalog to improve their patching and vulnerability management processes.

Security experts noted that while exploitation of CVE-2021-4034 should leave traces in log files, it’s also possible to abuse the vulnerability without leaving such traces. 

In addition to the PwnKit vulnerability, CISA has added seven other flaws to its catalog, including an exploited Mitel VoIP zero-day flaw in ransomware assaults (CVE-2022-29499) and five iOS vulnerabilities (CVE-2020-3837, CVE-2019-8605, CVE-2018-4344, CVE-2020-9907 and CVE-2021-30983) that were recently unearthed as having been exploited by the Italian spyware firm RCS Lab.

CVE-2021-30533, a security vulnerability in web browsers based on Chromium, is also listed in the catalog. This flaw was exploited by a malvertising hacker going by the moniker Yosec in order to deploy malicious payloads.
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Phishing emails
business app Chatbot Cyber Attacks Encryption Facebook Scams Google Firebase Malicious actor Phishing emails

Facebook Users Phished by a Chatbot Campaign


You might be surprised to learn that more users check their chat apps than their social profiles. With more than 1.3 billion users, Facebook Messenger is the most popular mobile messaging service in the world and thus presents enormous commercial opportunities to marketers.

Cybersecurity company SpiderLabs has discovered a fresh phishing campaign using Messenger's chatbot software. 

How do you make it all work? 

Karl Sigler, senior security research manager at Trustwave SpiderLabs, explains: "You don't just click on a link and then be offered to download an app - most people are going to grasp that's an attack and not click on it. In this attack, there's a link that takes you to a channel that looks like tech help, asking for information you'd expect tech support to seek for, and that escalating of the social-engineering part is unique with these types of operations."

First, a fake email from Facebook is sent to the victim – warning that their page has violated the site's community standards and would be deleted within 48 hours. The email also includes a "Appeal Now" link that the victim might use to challenge the dismissal.

The Facebook support team poses an "Appeal Now" link users can click directly from the email, asserting to be providing them a chance to appeal. The chatbot offers victims another "Appeal Now" button while posing as a member of the Facebook support staff. Users who click the actual link are directed to a Google Firebase-hosted website in a new tab.

According to Trustwave's analysis, "Firebase is a software development platform that offers developers with several tools to help construct, improve, and expand the app easier to set up and deploy sites." Because of this opportunity, spammers created a website impersonating a Facebook "Support Inbox" where users can chiefly dispute the reported deletion of their page. 

Increasing Authenticity in Cybercrime 

The notion that chatbots are a frequent factor in modern marketing and live assistance these days and that people are not prone to be cautious of their contents, especially if they come from a fairly reliable source, is one of the factors that contribute to this campaign's effectiveness. 

According to Sigler, "the advertising employs the genuine Facebook chat function. Whenever it reads 'Page Support,' My case number has been provided by them. And it's likely enough to get past the obstacles that many individuals set when trying to spot the phishing red flags."

Attacks like this, Sigler warns, can be highly risky for proprietors of business pages. He notes that "this may be very effectively utilized in a targeted-type of attack." With Facebook login information and phone numbers, hackers can do a lot of harm to business users, Sigler adds.

As per Sigler, "If the person in charge of your social media falls for this type of scam, suddenly, your entire business page may be vandalized, or they might exploit entry to that business page to acquire access to your clients directly utilizing the credibility of that Facebook profile." They will undoubtedly pursue more network access and data as well. 

Red flags to look out for 

Fortunately, the email's content contains a few warning signs that should enable recipients to recognize the letter as spoofed. For instance, the message's text contains a few grammatical and spelling errors, and the recipient's name appears as "Policy Issues," which is not how Facebook resolves such cases.

More red flags were detected by the experts: the chatbot's page had the handle @case932571902, which is clearly not a Facebook handle. Additionally, it's barren, with neither followers nor posts. The 'Very Responsive' badge on this page, which Facebook defines as having a response rate of 90% and replying within 15 minutes, was present although it seemed to be inactive. To make it look real, it even used the Messenger logo as its profile image. 

Researchers claim that the attackers are requesting passwords, email addresses, cell phone numbers, first and last names, and page names. 

This effort is a skillful example of social engineering since malicious actors are taking advantage of the platform they are spoofing. Nevertheless, researchers urge everyone to exercise caution when using the internet and to avoid responding to fake messages. Employing the finest encryption keys available will protect your credentials.
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Wallet Data
malware Racoon Stealer Server Version Wallet Data

Raccoon Stealer is Back with a New Version

 

Bitdefender researchers recently observed that the RIG exploit kit was replacing Raccoon Stealer with the Dridex trojan as part of a campaign that began in January. The change in strategy came as a result of Raccoon Stealer briefly closing its doors in February. 

However, according to a recent assessment, the Raccoon Stealer is showing signs of life and is poised to make a significant comeback in the information stealer industry. Raccoon Stealer's operations were abruptly halted on March 25, 2022, after previously being sold on underground forums under the Malware-as-a-Service (MaaS) model since early 2019. 

The operations were stopped owing to the loss of a developer in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. At the time, the malware's profile on various forums stated that it is temporarily inaccessible and in the process of being upgraded. 

What is the most recent update? 

SEKOIA.IO investigators identified fresh actions on servers hosting the malware on June 10. They discovered multiple operational servers with a web page titled Raccoon Stealer 2.0 when looking for the stealer's management panels on the Shodan search engine. 

It is thought that the latest version has been available for purchase on Telegram since May 17. Following additional investigation, researchers discovered a new malware family known as RecordBreaker, which resembled RacconStealer v2. 

The malware was spreading in the wild. Raccoon Stealer v2 is built-in C/C++ with the help of WinApi. From its C2 servers, the virus downloads genuine third-party DLLs. The new version inherits many of the prior version's capabilities. 

These include, among other things, gathering browser and system information, taking screenshots, downloading files from drives and memory sticks, and harvesting bitcoin wallet data. 

The reappearance of well-known malware, such as Raccoon Stealer, is not a novel event in the threat environment. 

Despite setbacks, numerous malware families, including Conti and REvil, have previously made a strong return and continue to cause havoc throughout the world. As a result, companies must be aware of the strategies and tactics employed by information hackers in order to prevent assaults.
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malware
Asia Backdoor Chinese Hackers Exchange Severs ICS malware

Chinese Hackers Deploy Shadowpad Backdoor to Target Industrial Control Systems in Asia

 

ShadowPad, a sophisticated and modular backdoor is back in action. Russian cybersecurity firm Kaspersky has unearthed a series of assaults that targeted unpatched Microsoft Exchange servers in multiple Asian nations. 

Researchers initially spotted the ShadowPad backdoor on industrial control systems (ICS) at a telecoms firm in Pakistan, where the hackers targeted engineering computers in building automation systems. Further investigation uncovered wide activity on the network, along with multiple organizations targeted in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Malaysia. 

"During the initial attacks, the group exploited an MS Exchange vulnerability to deploy ShadowPad malware and infiltrated building automation systems of one of the victims," Kaspersky ICS CERT researcher Kirill Kruglov stated. "By taking control over those systems, the attacker can reach other, even more sensitive systems of the attacked organization." 

"Building automation systems are rare targets for advanced threat actors. However, those systems can be a valuable source of highly confidential information and may provide the attackers with a backdoor to other, more secured, areas of infrastructures." 

Kaspersky, which first detected the activity in mid-October 2021, attributed it to a previously unknown Chinese-speaking threat actor. However, traces of the attacks on compromised devices indicates that the malicious campaign began in March 2021, right around the time the ProxyLogon vulnerabilities in Exchange Servers became public knowledge. 

Besides deploying ShadowPad as "mscoree.dll," an authentic Microsoft .NET Framework component, the attacks also involved the use of Cobalt Strike, a PlugX variant called THOR, and web shells for remote access. Although the ultimate goal of the campaign remains unknown, the hackers are believed to be interested in long-term intelligence gathering. 

ShadowPad, which emerged in 2015 as the successor to PlugX, is a privately sold modular malware platform that has been leveraged by multiple Chinese espionage actors over the years. While its design allows users to remotely deploy additional plugins that can extend its functionality beyond covert data collection, what makes ShadowPad dangerous is the anti-forensic and anti-analysis techniques incorporated into the malware. 

ShadowPad gained popularity in 2017 when it was employed in software supply chain assaults involving CCleaner, NetSarang, and the ASUS Live Update utility. The BRONZE ATLAS threat group was blamed for these campaigns. A Microsoft complaint from 2017 and DOJ indictments published in 2020 provide more insights on ShadowPad's relationship to BRONZE ATLAS.
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RaaS
Bug Bounty Conti Crypto Currency LockBit 2.0 ransomware malware NCC Group RaaS

LockBit 3.0: Launch of Ransomware Bug Bounty Program

 

The "LockBit 3.0" ransomware update from the LockBit ransomware organization features the first spyware bug bounty program, new extortion methods, and Zcash cryptocurrency payment choices. After two months of beta testing, the notorious gang's ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) operation, which has been operational since 2019, recently underwent an alteration. It appears that hackers have already employed LockBit 3.0.

Bug bounty plan for LockBit 3.0 

With the launch of LockBit 3.0, the organization launched the first bug bounty program provided by a ransomware gang, which asks security researchers to disclose bugs in exchange for incentives that can go as high as $1 million. In addition to providing bounties for vulnerabilities, LockBit also pays rewards for "great ideas" to enhance the ransomware activity and for doxing the operator of the affiliate program, identified as LockBitSupp, which had previously posted a bounty plan in April on the XSS hacking site.

"We open our bug bounty program to any security researchers, ethical and unethical hackers worldwide. The compensation ranges from $1,000 to $1,000,000," reads the page for the LockBit 3.0 bug reward. The notion of initiating the criminal operation would be against the law in many nations, however, makes this bug reward scheme a little different from those frequently utilized by respectable businesses.

LeMagIT claims that version 3.0 of LockBit includes several other improvements, such as new methods for data recovery and monetization, as well as the option for victims to choose to have their data destroyed, and the ability for victims to make payments using the Zcash cryptocurrency in addition to Bitcoin and Monero. 

LockBit is producing outcomes. In May, LockBit 2.0 succeeded Conti as the leading provider of ransomware as a service. The gang's previous ransomware, LockBit 2.0, was to be blamed for 40% of the attacks that NCC Group observed in the preceding month. Moreover, according to Matt Hull, worldwide lead for strategic threat intelligence at NCC, The most prolific threat actor of 2022 is Lockbit 2.0,  In times like these, it's imperative that businesses become familiar with their strategies, methods, and processes.

It is unclear how this new extortion technique will operate or even whether it is activated because the LockBit 3.0 data leak site currently does not have any victims. With its public-facing manager actively interacting with other malicious actors and the cybersecurity community, LockBit is one of the most prolific ransomware campaigns.
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Trojan
Android Banking Trojan malware phishing Software Trojan

This Banking Trojan is Targeting Users of Spanish Financial Services

 

A previously unreported Android banking trojan targeting users of the Spanish financial services business BBVA has been spotted in the wild. 

The malware, named 'Revive' by Italian cybersecurity firm Cleafy and believed to be in its early stages of development, was first discovered on June 15, 2022, and propagated via phishing operations. 

"The name Revive has been chosen since one of the functionality of the malware (called by the [threat actors] precisely 'revive') is restarting in case the malware stops working," Cleafy researchers Federico Valentini and Francesco Iubatti said in a Monday write-up. 

Downloadable from malicious phishing websites ("bbva.appsecureguide[.]com" or "bbva.european2fa[.]com"), the malware impersonates the bank's two-factor authentication (2FA) app as a bait to mislead users into installing the software and is reported to be inspired by open-source spyware dubbed Teardroid, with the authors altering the original source code to integrate new features.

In contrast to other banking malware that are known to target a wide range of financial apps, Revive is targeted for a single target, in this case, the BBVA bank. However, it is similar to its competitors in that it uses Android's accessibility services API to achieve its operational goals. 

Revive is primarily designed to gather the bank's login credentials via lookalike websites and allow account takeover attacks. It also has a keylogger module to record keystrokes and the ability to intercept SMS messages sent by the bank, particularly one-time passwords and two-factor authentication codes. 

"When the victim opens the malicious app for the first time, Revive asks to accept two permissions related to the SMS and phone calls. After that, a clone page (of the targeted bank) appears to the user and if the login credentials are inserted, they are sent to the [command-and-control server] of the TAs," the researchers further stated.

The findings emphasise the importance of exercising caution while installing software from unknown third-party sources.
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User Security
Copyright Emails Fake Emails malware Ransomware User Security

Phony Copyright Emails Employed to Install LockBit Ransomware

 

LockBit ransomware operators are employing a unique strategy to lure victims into infecting their devices with malware by portraying it as copyright claims. 

The ransomware hackers target victims by sending an email regarding a copyright violation for allegedly using media files without the creator’s license. It also urges the victim to remove the content from their websites immediately or face legal action. 

The emails, identified by analysts at AhnLab in Korea, do not determine which files were inappropriately employed in the body of the text; rather, they instruct the receiver to download and open the attached file in order to view the infringing content. 

The attachment is a ZIP file that has been encrypted with a password and contains a compressed file. The archive contains a compressed file, an executable file posing as a PDF document. The executable is an NSIS installer, loading the LockBit 2.0 ransomware which, in turn, encrypts all of the files on the endpoint. 

As BleepingComputer reports, copyright claims are not exactly a novelty when it comes to distributing malware. Earlier this year, there had been “numerous” emails of this sort, distributing the likes of BazarLoader, or the Bumblebee malware loader. 

Bumblebee is employed for deploying second-stage payloads, including ransomware, so opening one of those files on your computer may lead to rapid and disastrous assaults. Copyright claims are a matter that publishers of content should take into serious consideration, but if the claim isn't straightforward but instead requests you to open attached files to view the violation details, it's improbable for it to be a genuine takedown notice. 

LockBit 2.0 is by far the most widespread ransomware variant, security analysts from the NCC group have said. Allegedly, LockBit 2.0 accounted for 40% of all ransomware attacks that occurred in May this year. The notorious ransomware operation recorded a whopping 95 victims in May alone, whereas Conti, BlackBasta, Hive, and BlackCat collectively had 65. 

To mitigate the risks, multi-factor authentication can be applied across the entire ecosystem in order to provide an additional layer of defense against cyber assaults. Those behind LockBit attacks have also been known to exploit stolen usernames and passwords, so if it's known that a password has been part of a data breach, it should be changed.
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USA
Darkweb Data Breach FTC Have I Been Pwned Phishing Attacks Private Data USA

Owner of CafePress Penalized $500,000 for Hiding a Data Breach

 

CafePress's past owner Residual Pumpkin firm has been fined $500,000 by U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in their final order over a 2019 data breach that impacted 23 million customers.

CafePress is a US site that sells print-on-demand items like apparel, housewares, and kitchenware. Sellers can register on the website and upload their designs, and CafePress takes a percentage of every sale. 

Social Security numbers and password recovery responses were kept in plain text and for a longer period by the Residual Pumpkin firm. Additionally, the organization did not implement existing safeguards and react to security vulnerabilities. After several attacks on its servers, it attempted to hide the significant data breach carried on by its inadequate security protocols. 

A unanimous 5-0 vote accepted the FTC's order. The FTC has mandated that the corporations immediately implement multi-factor authentication of stored data and set an encryption key for all social security numbers, in addition to imposing fines on the businesses. 

As a result, the company's current owner PlanetArt, who acquired CafePress in 2020, has set up an alert system to notify all customers and vendors whose private information has been compromised.

Unknown attackers acquired access to files stored as SHA-1 hashes during a February 2019 breach of CafePress' servers, exploited, and later sold 23,205,290 CafePress users' personal information on the dark web. However, after receiving notifications via Troy Hunt's Have I Been Pwned service, several users became aware of the situation. The fact the users seemed to reset their passwords on checking in without being informed of the data breach was the only indication that something was wrong. 

Since some of its merchants' accounts had been hacked since at least January 2018, as per FTC's claim, CafePress was aware that it had vulnerabilities even before the 2019 incident.

Instead of letting users acknowledge the instances, CafePress terminated their accounts and assessed a $25 account closure fee to each of them. Before the 2019 security breach, the company's network was again affected by several malware infestations, and CafePress once again neglected to look into the attacks.
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USB
Credentials Leak Data Breach Electronic Data Information Japan Password Personal Data USB

Japanese City Worker Loses USB Containing Resident's Personal Data

 

A Japanese city has been compelled to apologise after a contractor admitted to losing a USB memory stick holding the personal data of over 500,000 inhabitants following an alcohol-fueled night out. 

Amagasaki, western Japan, officials claimed the man – an unidentified employee of a private contractor hired to administer Covid-19 compensation payments to local homes – had taken the flash drive from the city's offices to transfer the data to a contact centre in neighbouring Osaka. 

After spending Tuesday evening drinking at a restaurant, he realised on his way home that the bag holding the drive, as well as the personal information of all 460,000 Amagasaki residents, had gone missing. The next morning, he reported the loss to the police. 

According to the Asahi Shimbun, the information contained the residents' names, residences, and dates of birth, as well as data on their residence tax payments and the bank account numbers of those receiving child benefits and other welfare payments. There have been no complaints of data leaks because all of the information is encrypted and password secured. 

“We deeply regret that we have profoundly harmed the public’s trust in the administration of the city,” an Amagasaki official told reporters. The city told in a statement that it would “ensure security management when handling electronic data. We will work to regain our residents’ trust by heightening awareness of the importance of protecting personal information.” 

Not a new affair 

Last month, a man in Abu was handed £279,000/US$343,000 in Covid-19 relief payments meant for 463 low-income people. Local officials said this week that they had recovered all of the money via internet payment services after the individual claimed he had gambled it all away. 

The Amagasaki event highlights worries about some Japanese organisations' ongoing usage of obsolete technologies. According to media reports last week, dozens of businesses and government agencies were rushing to transition away from Internet Explorer before Microsoft retired the browser at midnight on Wednesday. 

According to Nikkei Asia, a sense of "panic" seized businesses and government organisations who were slow to abandon their dependency on IE before Microsoft formally ceased support services, leaving surviving users susceptible to flaws and hacks.
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